Aluminum momoku ahi: ano, ka waiwai a me ka noi

I keia la, ua hoʻohana 'Aluminum i aneane e pau loa na hana, HEN, mai ke? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka ai mau kīʻaha a pau i ka hanaia ana o fuselages o na spaceships. No kēia mau 'ole' ē aʻe manufacturing keʻano o ka hanaʻana i kupono kekahi wale papa o ka Aluminum a i kekahi physicochemical waiwai. Ke kumu waiwai o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia - ke kiʻekiʻe thermal conductivity, ductility, a me ka plasticity, ka popopo ia'ku, malamalama ke kaupaona a me ka haahaa ohmic e kū'ē'ē mai. Ka mea, i ka pololei e like me ka pakeneka o impurities i loko o kona haku mele 'ana, e like me ka' ike loea hou no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie paha enrichment. Alaila, o ka noho kaʻawale nui hao Aluminum.

'ano o ka Aluminum

All lama o ka metala i ho'ākāka 'ia, a komo i loko o ka hookahi kahua o ka' ike 'āina o ke ao mau hae: ka Europa EN, American ASTM International a me ISO. I ko kakou aupuni i ka Aluminum hao ia i ho'ākāka 'ia e GOST 11069 a me 4784. Ma nā palapala o ka Aluminum a me kona oka a pau i manaoia kaawale. Ka wā o kēia mea hiki ke hooheheeia iho ua maheleia i papa, a oka a i ole ua hōʻike hewa i ho'ākāka 'hoailona.

I kulike ai me ke aupuni, a me ka hoʻonohonoho 'mau hae e hoomaopopo mau ano o ka microstructure unalloyed Aluminum:

• kiʻekiʻe maemae a me ka pakeneka o ka oi ma mua o 99,95%;
• oaoieei-papa, i loaʻa ma kahi o 1% impurities a me ka mea hoʻonui.

E like me ka impurities hao a me ka silikone hui noonoo hou pinepine. Ma ka hoʻonohonoho 'ISO hae no ka Aluminum a me kona oka a anao? Aou i kaʻawale ka hailona.

Aluminum momoku ahi

ua Kōmikeʻano o ka mea māheleʻia i loko o kekahi papa, a i häʻawi mai ai iä ka AYEIE mau hae, e laʻa me AD0 e like me GOST 4784-97. I ka Mea Maluna kikowaena metala o kiʻekiʻe nä alapine ma ka mea,ʻaʻole e ho okumu ana i hilahila. Keia hoakaka nā ke kēia lama.

1. N (A5, A95, A7E).
2. Kōmike (AD1, AD000, DT).
3. Ke deformable (AMg2, D1).
4. Foundry (VAL10M, AK12pch).
5. No ka deoxidizing kila (AV86, AV97F).

Eia kekahi, noho kaʻawale, a ligatures waeʻano - e hoʻohana Aluminum i huiʻia e paka oka a pau o ke gula, ke kala, platinum a me nā mea maikai i eliiaʻi.

iniiaiie Aluminum

Helu Aluminum (A5 mark) - he typical mamuli o keia pae. Ua ua hua mai la ma ka waiwai ole alumina. I ano, ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia ma kona maemae palapala, aole ia i hana no ka mea, o kona kiʻekiʻe reactivity. Ai pili aku i nā kumu mua, ka mea, ano bauxites, nepheline a me ka alunite. A laila, i kēia mau i eliia e alumina, a mai laila me ke kōkua o nā luna 'Nine Inch a me keʻano o ka hanaʻana physical - maemae Aluminum.

GOST 11069 hoʻokau olelo no ka papa o iniiaiie Aluminum, ka mea e e kaulana ia e ana i ka vertical a me ka papamoe, ka wehe 'ana o kekahi mau'ōniʻoniʻo, a indelibly. Kēia mea ua loaʻa he ākea hoʻohana i ka holomua hanalima nāʻoihana,ʻano nui ma ka maka mea pono kiʻekiʻe oaoieei-ano.

oaoieei-Aluminum

Kōmike i kapaia Aluminumʻia me ka pakeneka o na mea o ka emi o ka 1%. Loa pinepine ka mea, ua i kapaia undoped. E noa ka papa alumina GOST 4784-97 i loa haʻahaʻa ikaika akā, kiʻekiʻe ka popopo e kū'ē'ē mai. Aie i ka wa e kaawale aku i loko o ka haku mele 'ana o ka alloying metala (particles) ma luna o ka ili o ka hoʻomaka koke i hana aiiay'okesaside ho film i ka hale lio. A hehi ihola au i kekahi mau oaoieei-Aluminum, a me ka maikai thermal a me ka uila conductivity. I kā lākou hakakino puka olu oia i kokoke ole impurities i hoʻopuehu aku electrons pele. Ma muli o ia mau waiwai, i ka lako e hoʻomano hoʻohana ma instrumentation, i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka hahana maoli nō kēia a me ka wela hoonohonoho pono, kau iho 'atikala.

kuʻi Aluminum

Pili ia i ka hana Aluminumʻia, a ua hoolilo i ka wela a me ke anu hana: ape, ua e, unuhi aku la ia a me nā 'ano. E like me ka hopena, ea deformation ia mea loaa semifinished okoa lonikū pauku: Aluminum koʻokoʻo, pepa, e hoomaemae ia, pā, a me nāʻaoʻao pili. Major momoku ahi deformable mea hoʻohana ma o ka lulu-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo, e helu i na rula: GOST 4784, OCT1 92014-90, OCT1 90048 a me OCT1 90026. A ano hiʻona o ka ino feedstock mea he paa pāʻoihana 'ole me ka maʻiʻo kiʻekiʻe o eutectic - ke kinowai pae i mea ma equilibrium me elua a oi paa moku'āina.

Laulā deformable Aluminum me ka kekahi ma ka noi Aluminum koʻokoʻo, mea he nui. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia ma ka wahi e noi ana kiʻekiʻe oaoieei-ano o ka mea - ma ka boat- a me ka lewa, a ma luna o ke kukulu ioauoa like oka a kuʻihao.

Aluminum foundry

Foundry papa Aluminum hoʻohana no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o hoʻokino 'atikala. Lākou ka papa kuhikuhiE hiʻona mea he huihui 'ana o ke kiʻekiʻe kekahi ikaika a me ka haahaa nuʻa, e leie aku, e hoolei ikamu o ka luna' kinona me ńlua.

E like me ko lakou manao, ua maheleia o Anederea, e kaha i loko o nā pūʻulu:

1. Sila kumuhana (AL2, AL9, AL4M).
2. Nā Pono Hana me ka kiʻekiʻe ka ikaika a me ka wela ia'ku (AL 19, AL5, AL33).
3. Waiwai me ka kiʻekiʻe ka popopo e kū'ē'ē mai.

Loa pinepine, i ka hana o nā huahana i ka Aluminum ninini ka hōʻoi 'acee? Iuo oeiia o ka wela lapaau.

Deoxidation Aluminum

ʻO ka pono o ua hanaʻia nā huahana a me ke keiki i loaʻa i ke kino ai ka waiwai o ka Aluminum. A ua i kaupalena 'ia ka haku o waena huahana ka hoʻohana a haʻahaʻa-papaʻano likeʻole o ka mea. Loa pinepine ka mea, ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka deoxidation o ke kila - wehe i oxygen, mai ka hao i hoʻoheheʻeʻia i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe i loko o laila, a hiki ia hoʻokāʻoi aʻe ana i ka ÿano waiwai o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia. E lawe mai i kēia kaʻina hana, o ka loa mau hoʻohana papa AV86 a me AV97F.