? Aneia iainiiaaiea Azerbaijan: 'ole a me nā hiʻona

Kekahi o na mau aina o ka mea kahiko Soviet Union, ua mālama i ka 'ano kiʻekiʻe uku o ka ulu ana o ka GDP - Azerbaijan. Ka pōʻaiawaiwai Ua ulu steadily, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i ka ulia o ka 2008 , ua nunui i alakaʻi ai i nā mea a pau kiko'î loa ua hoʻemi ma e like me ka mālama '-ulia pae o ka ulu ana i loko o nā wahi o ka hanalima haʻawina. Aka hoi, GDP ulu ana o kekahi o ka honua alakaʻi mea nō Azerbaijan. Hoʻokele waiwai ola manawa i ka ikehu waiwai hoʻolilo, e like me ia ma keia aupuni i ua hoʻokō Anati-ulia ana ma ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka haole launa like me ke koe loaa i loko o ka maikaʻi ka mālama'-hoʻoponopono ulia au.

hiʻona

Ke richest aupuni i loko o ka South Caucasus - Azerbaijan. Kona hoʻokele waiwai o elua-hapakolu o ka GDP o nā mea a pau nā'āina i loko o ka māhele 'āina. Mai 2005 a hiki i 2008, ulu maoli i 24,1% o ka makahiki, o ka mea kiekie waiwai no nā mea a pau i ka manawa mahope mai o ka Soviet'opi. Ua ua he maoli hoʻokele mea hoʻonui, a me ka uku o ka ulu ana i ka loa o na alihi kaua i loko o ke ao nei ua lilo Azerbaijan. Hoʻokele waiwai mea ai nui kū aʻela ma muli o ka hana ana o ka aoao maoli o nā kumu waiwai Loaʻaʻia: E ke Kumu hou hoʻokomo kālā o nā hydrocarbons, E hoomahuahua oe i ka nui o ka ikehu-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo,,ʻo haole pololei waiwai kūʻai, ua kūkuluʻia kaʻaila a me ka kinoea pipelines, hoʻomaka koke mahuahua waiwai hoʻolilo o kaʻaila kā huahana, maka ka aila a me ka kūlohelohe kinoea. Nolaila i ka hopena: ka transformational recession o na nineties i ua loa lanakila, a me ka GDP maʻano loaʻa kala kū aʻela ma ka 2008 i hoʻokahi haneri a me eono pakeneka hoʻohālikelike i ka makahiki 1990. Azerbaijan ka hoʻokele waiwai i ka 2017 e e noʻonoʻo i loko o ka hoʻohālike pono keia lokomaikai wā.

Na kauoha waiwai kūʻai ua pili kēia manaʻo i kēia mau successes, a, o ka papa, i ka bulk (kokoke loa) ia i hele ai i ka aila a me ka kinoea kaiaulu. Ka muaʻumi makahiki o ka 21st kenekulia ua hōʻike ana mawaho hoʻolako 'ia o ka elua-hapakolu oia o ala waihona kālā, a mai ka manawa i ka manawa (e like, elua makahiki mamua i ka makahiki 2004), ka mea hoike no ka oi mamua o kanaiwa hapahaneri o nā mea a pau na loan a me nā waihona kālā. I mea no ke aha la ke aupuni i ua hiki ke loaa dala e lanakila i ka ulia o ka makahiki 2008, a me ka hoʻokele waiwai 'ana o Azerbaijan ua i paʻa wale i ka 2017. "Lani", a hiki e mai la ia e thriving. Nō! Direct upena haole waiwai kūʻai no kekahi mau makahiki kauo aku ma luna o ka lani kiekie loa anawela honua - ma kahi o kanakolu hapahaneri o GDP. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻololi dramatically waiwai kūʻai lua i pele ma manawa. Ua mai 2004 ka inflow o ka aila a me ka kinoea kaiaulu i hoomaka ai e wane. A, i malama ia ma ka wā 2006-2008 i ka outflow. Akā, ka mea i mua hanaia - i ua hoʻopuka kālā dala, i ke kūpono 'ana o ka hoʻouku wahi pono hauma¯na, i ka noho ana o ka hoʻokele waiwai o Azerbaijan ua o ke koa i ka pilina paʻa, a me ka manawa e hiki lohi hoʻomōhala i ko lakou mau lilo.

I kēia lā

Oil a me ke kinoea kaiaulu Kīwala'ō a hiki i 2007, a me ka mea ia i kākoʻo 'ia e haole waiwai kūʻai, oiai wahi lulu waiwai kuhikuhi' ana i ka ulu ana o ka ole-extractive na hana, ka mea i ike loa i ka ikaika ka ulu ana na makana i ka hoʻokele waiwai 'ana o Azerbaijan. I kēia lā, ka mea, no ka nui loa, a kākoʻo mea hānai aneiai ana o ka aina. Nui hou aeuiiai ieaia? - wai, ka halihali, uila, 'aneʻi haʻalele i ka papa kuhikuhiE aupuni dala. Hoʻokele waiwai o Azerbaijan i ka 2017, o ka mea uuku loli ana e ke kālā ulia. Akā, i kēia hiki wale hiki mai no ka poe noonoo ole kumu i ka infusion o ka haole pololei waiwai kūʻai i loko o ka ulu ana o ka hoʻokomo kālā, he ai lokomaikaʻi e loa koke kauoha aku i ka hana a me ka hoʻomohala hoʻouku, ka halihali, ikehu, a nolaila, ua loaa hoʻolako 'ia o ia no? Acaeoey o ke kaiaulu, ua ole e pili ana i ka aila.

Azerbaijan ka hoʻokele waiwai i keia la maluna o ka hoʻokumu 'ia ke kālā no pipeline'ōnaehana haawi kaʻaila a me ka kinoea i ke ao nei market. He aila pipeline i ka 2006 "Baku-Ceyhan" pipeline ka 2007 "Baku-Erzurum kinoea pipeline." Keia aina ua, a no ke waiho i ka nui mea hoʻolilo o kaʻaila i loko o ka Caucasus, a mai ka 2007 ua lilo i ka loa efficient mea hoʻolilo o ke kinoea. Oil? Iecaianoaaiiuo, mai ka makahiki 2004 a hiki i ka makahiki 2010 ua mahuahua aneane threefold - 42,3 miliona tons, oiai waiwai hoʻolilo nui i wikiwiki - i ka ekolu a me ka hapa - oi ma mua o 35,6 miliona tona. Ke entrepreneurial kūlana i loko o ka ulu ana o ka hoʻokele waiwai Azerbaijan ka mea nui. World aila kumukūʻai laila, e ulu nui, akā, no ka mea, ka mea kokololio hana-i o ka aila? Iecaianoaaiiuo puke alakaʻi i ka aneane tenfold mahuahua ma ka aila mea hoʻolilo loaʻa kālā (ma 2008 - 29,1 ieeeea dala). Kanaiwa-ehiku pakeneka o ka huina waiwai hoʻolilo hoike no ke kaʻana like 'ana o ke kinoea make a me kaʻaila i loko o ka makahiki 2010, i lawe mai ai i Azerbaijan no aneane he kanaha pakeneka o ke aupuni i loaʻa.

kū'ē

I ka 2011, ua hookupaa mau hanana, i ke kumu no ka i lilo ka nohoaliʻi aneiai kumu. Ia mea i loko o kēia pōʻaiapili, a e noonoo i ka moku'āina o na mea i loko o ka confrontation ma waena o ke kūkulu hema Caucasus aupuni elua: pehea ka mea, ua hoolilo i kaʻumi makahiki i hala ma hope o ka'opi o ka USSR, ua loaʻa me ka mea i koe. No laila, Azerbaijan a me 'Ararata ka hoʻokele waiwai 'āina. Ka mua i ka 2011 i komo i loko o ka papahana ma luna o kūkulu o TANAP kinoea pipeline (no noʻonoʻo mākouʻenemi "Turkish Stream"). A i loko o'Ararata i ka ia manawa ua he nui keakea i ka hua i loko o nāʻauhau o "uila aʻeo ka hoʻolele 'o'Ararata", i mea, e ku e ka UES o Rusia. Naʻe, ke kāʻei kua i nā mea a pau kēia mau hanana i ka pili aupuni ulia o Nagorno-Karabakh. Pehea e hoʻomaka a me ka mea i hele mai ma luna o nā makahiki, Azerbaijan, mākou e pokole dismantled. Ua mea i ai i ka hoa paio.

'Ararata ua loaa loa i nawaliwali ili mai ka Soviet Union - mai he nui hanalima kumu a me ka nui loa. Iho wahie kumu waiwai,'Ararata i ole, nae, i nā makahiki a pau o Soviet mana, i ke aupuni i waena o nā alakaʻi ma ka puunaue'ōnaehana o i waena o-republican waiwai. O Mechanical 'enekinia, o'Ararata i mua o ka Union (e like me ka Hookah o na laau o ka machines), ole-ferrous ke hooheheeia (keleawe, molybdenum, a me ka ulu hoʻokomo kālā), na poe ma ka Nine Inch hana i pono loa pono ke kino. O wale ka nui loa o ka hoʻokele waiwai Armenian ma ka makahiki 1991. Aka e like me ka waiwaiʻano o hanalima turmoil ka aina ua ole ke hoolaia. Ke aneiai kŰia i ke kai, no ka mea mea, aneane pau republics.

'Ararata

Ka mea, wawahi ae la i ka nui? Aneiai ano laulea, a me ka pili ana i na hanana o Nagorno-Karabakh , Tureke a me Azerbaijan ua hookupaaia ka blockade - Armenians a e oki, e maliu oluolu mai la, e hoomanao i ke "pouli makahiki". Ka ikehu ka hoʻoponopono ulia, hoomaka ae la, i lilo i mea hiki kekahi mea hoʻolilo a me kekahi waiwai. I ko mākou holo mai kinoea a me ka aila, a papani iho la i Erevanskaya Razdan mana wahi. A ma hope o ka Spitak ōlaʻi - nō i loko o 1988 - ka Metsamor nukelea mana kanu i pani ia. Ma ke ala, i kēia cataclysm he kanaha pakeneka o ka hana o ka repubalika i mai o ka hana, akā, no ka Metsamor nukelea mana kanu koe unharmed. Eia naʻe, Chernobyl 1986 ua nō hou i loko o ka hoomanao ana, a, nolaila, keia mea nō workable hooholoia e pani i ka koa aku, mai ka hewa. Ma ka waena o ka ikehu ka hoʻoponopono ulia i ka makahiki 1993,'Ararata ua hoʻoholo e kāpae'ōlelo i nā ana i lawe ia, a, e hō'ā i ka mea kanu. Au pono aku nei au i keia kŰia ua manaoia e ia i loko o nukelea mana wale launaʻole. Mau makahiki ma hope, au ua hiki ke holo i kekahi wale pa alima o ka elua.

Alaila, hoomaka iho la'Ararata e kūkulu hou kona hoʻokele waiwai. Market nā mea hoʻololi i ua haliia mai la mawaho, eia nae o ka ulu kokololio ia i malama, a pehea i ia i hele mai ia mai? Hanalima kumu haʻalele ma mai o ka Soviet Union e e loa paha modernization, a palapala aku no ka hamoʻia. A me ka waiwai kūʻai mawaho ua pilipaa ma RA (like Azerbaijan i ola me kaʻaila). E mai hoohalike me ka huahelu: Georgia ua hoʻopuka kālā ma ka'āina'ē poʻe makahiki $ 1.8 ieeeea ma Azerbaijan - eha ieeeea? A £, oiai i loko o'Ararata i kā mākou o eiwa haneri miliona (a laila wale nō koke makahiki ka i koe, - ka emi). A i ke kālele 'anaʻano nui hele liilii a puni ka honua Armenian diaspora. Ma kekona wahi ma luna o ka kālā injections - Rusia. A i loko o ka makahiki o'Ararata ka GDP hoike maikai ulu - heʻumikumamāhā pakeneka. Eia naʻe, waiwai hoʻokomo nō oi waiwai hoʻolilo. Machines kokoke i kekahi i, akā, i ke hooheheeia, mahiai (Cognac "Ararata"), Aluminum pepa kini ... I rula, o ka papa inoa o kokoke hooweliweli.

Inā apopo i ka kaua

Kēlā me kēia lā o ke kaua ma waena o'Ararata, a Azerbaijan ma Nagorno-Karabakh e loaʻa, a me ka kekahi, a me ka kekahiʻaoʻao o kanalima miliona (Azerbaijani a me ke kala, e like me kālā - lio). Hoʻokele waiwai o'Ararata me kona i oi aku i ka pilina paʻa na derama he mea wela hiki ole ola ināʻaʻole no kona "pono" Rusia (a me ka mea, ua mau "kupono"). Ke kaua ma kahi pohaku'āina - loa pipiʻi. Ano, i ka papa kuhikuhiE aneiai hoʻopololei i ole hope. Kuhina o ka hoʻokele waiwai Azerbaijan ka hiki ole hoʻololi i loko o 1990-1993, aole hoi i ke Kuhina, aole hoi ke Kuhina Nui e lawelawe, ka wā he mau maoli nui-me ka unahiʻole koa hana. No laila, i kēia lā Azerbaijan i ke gula, a me ka kālā me ke koe o kanalima ekolu ieeeea dala. No ka laʻana, Ukraine i ka huina o ewalu (ka mea, ua i ka 2014), ma Belarus - heʻumikumamālua. Kēia 'o ia hoʻi ia no capita lawelawe o ka hoʻokele waiwai o Azerbaijan allocates 7.800 dala, oiai oia ma Rusia ia mea wale ekolu a me ka hapa tausani, oiai na me ke koe a me ke gula he umi hou.

He kēia aneiai "subcutaneous momona" ae Azerbaijan a hiki i ke kaua a male 'polokalamu ka mea,ʻaʻole iʻokiʻia (hoomau, na uku, a pela aku). Akā,'Ararata mea e like me ka manawa kūpono mea ole a pau. Eia naʻe, Azerbaijan 'aʻole i ike i ka hopena o ke kaua hiki e loa like, a no ia mea,' aʻole i hoʻomaka a me ka mana, e hoʻi i ka'āina, a no kekahi kumu e hoomanao i kona iho, a me ka noi'Ararata pulls ma Nagorno-Karabakh lākou aila a me ka kinoea pipelines. Akā, na hoomakaukau kaua e hele. E ho okumu i kekahi dala o ka puali koa e i ka loa, loa ana kupono i loko o ka buke, i mea ole ka mea uuku o donations i ole e emi iho ma luna o nā makahiki. Azerbaijan ka hoʻokele waiwai i ka 2016, he loa okoa mai ka 2011 la, ka wā o nā hoʻoholo i i e broaching ka pipeline. I ka 2018, ua? Aaony e hoʻohana. War 'aʻole i hoʻomaka, akā, i mākaukau clashes ma ka palena paʻa ana i ka pono o ka mea kaua, a koa helicopters. Oiai ka lanakila i lanakila'Ararata,ʻaʻole hoʻi Azerbaijan.

Ke aupuni o ka hoʻokele waiwai 'ana

State pilikino E pili ua a ianoiyuaa a ke hoʻokō i loko o ka mahinaʻai o macroeconomics (Social Development). hoomahuahua ae la lakou Privatized moku'āina waiwai, entrepreneurial kūlana i loko o ka papa hana o Azerbaijan. Pomaikai no ka oihana, a mau ia,ʻo nā waihona kālā a me ka moku'āina waiwai ana ma hope o privatization oʻokeʻa monopolies, a paipai Competition. Ka Azerbaijani Kuhina o hoʻokele waiwai ua poai puni ia e S. Mustafayev mai 2008.

Eia naʻe, e kūkulu i keia aina, aole ia e hoʻomaka mai ka manawa mai o kaawale ana mai o ka USSR, akā, he nui mamua, i ka 1883, ka wā mai Tbilisi ke Baku hiki i ka Lūkini aeaciua ai, ua komo pū i loko o ka nohona ma i ulanaʻia. I ka Ia manawa me ka nui loa hoʻonui kalepa ke kāki hoʻouna i loko o ka Caspian Sea. I ka pau ana o ka umikumamaiwa kenekulia Baku - ia mea he nui alahao huina a me ka nui Caspian awa. Au, hoomaka ae la e hoʻoikaika i kaʻaila-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo, ua hanalima hana, boreholes me ka mahu kiko'ī. Ka mua haole kapikala Ua ikea mai 'aneʻi pū, ma ka umikumamaiwa kenekulia, e ka hapalua o ke ao nei kaʻana like' ana o kaʻaila i loko o? Iecaianoaaiiuo Azerbaijan.

Italy

I kēia lā, o ka papa, Azerbaijan i nui kūpono no ka papa hana. Waiwai kūʻai aloʻaneʻi hoʻoneʻe ai ia me ka nui loa? Anoe Italia. Ua hoomaka ia ke kālele 'ana ma keia aina i na makahiki aku nei, a me ka mea mua nā haʻawina a pau, mai ka poepoe o ke ano. Aia ua Ua lehulehu hui, aa aku la, i hana ai i kēia lā. Ke market Ua hoʻololi, hoʻonui, a me nā'āina e hoʻomaopopo ai i nā nā papaha o ka manao lokahi alu like 'ana i loko o nā kula o nā hoʻoholo a me ka amo. Huli ma hope o ka ulia hoʻomaka e ola, ma laila nō aeuiiai ieaia? A? Ieoaeunoai nā papahana, hiki ia,ʻo nui haole waiwai kūʻai.

Mai ka makahiki 2010, i ka buke o ka pololei waihona kālā i loko o Azerbaijan Ikalia poʻe loa hoʻokahi haneri a me ka elima miliona dala, a mai laila aku a hiki i Italia, a hiki aku - hoʻokahi haneri a me ke kanakolu-kumamakolu, a me wale i ka 2016, Azerbaijan i ua hoʻopuka kālā i loko o Italian papahana Ua kokoke hoʻokahi haneri a me ke kanakolu miliona dala. Ano, oi aku iwakalua poe e hana pu, i waena o lākou ka pono-ike me Tenaris, Technip Italy, Maire Tecnimont, Drillmec, Valvitalia, Saipem a me na mea e ae. I ka 2017, e mahuahua Italy waihona kālā ma ka hoʻokele waiwai 'Azerbaijan ka. Details i pai ia ma ka ahakanaka ano. I ka 2016 i ka aelike i kakauinoaia me Ioana, a me ka wahine i ua hoʻomaka 'aneʻi. Huina imua o Italian poʻe i loko o ke aupuni kīnā he nui helu - mai a hiki i ka tausani, a me ka mea, ua ulu kela makahiki. Ma hua'ōlelo o ka huli o ka moku'āina - ka loa ka hoʻokō hoa o Azerbaijan.

Aneiai wahi: Baku

Wahi o ka Azerbaijan Repubalika ua wehewehe aku ma ka hana a me ka hoʻokele waiwai Leeuwerikplein kahua o ka aina ua ho'ākāka 'ia ma kona kenekoa a me ka-yeiiiie? Lōkāhi, kū hoʻokahi maoli aku ana a me Hawaiʻi nei ulu hanalima specialization. Eia nō umi aneiai wahi, eia kekahi i ka hookaawale wahi o ka Absheron Peninsula, i mea ke kapikala o ka Lepupalika - Baku. Hope nā Khizi, Absheron District a me Sumgayit. He mea i ka papa kuhikuhiE wahie a me ka ikehu kumu o ka aina, malaila ua extracted ka loa nui ke dala o ka aila a me ka kinoea, a me ka hapanui o nā mea a pau ua loaʻa uila.

Lahui ulu Nine Inch a me ka petrochemical hana, i ukali ia e kaumaha metallurgy, mīkini hale, ka mana 'enekinia, uila' enekinia. Eia, he nui hana o ka malamalama, a me ka ai na hana, no? Ieoaeunoaa lako. Ua ua nui pono hoʻomohala i loko o kēia aneiai wahi o ka hana kaiaulu a me ka amo aeuiiai ieaia?. Ka Mahiai mea hoi i hiki mai: ma laila nō nā manuʻaiʻia, na holoholona a me ka ai a me ka waiu (pipi), hipa. Horticulture, viticulture, floriculture, horticulture, niioaaonoaaiii maikaʻi agro-climatic rula no ka kanu ke kinemona,ʻoliva, pistachios, fiku,'alemona, watermelon, hawaiian hua waina, a oi.

Ganja-Gazakh aneiai māhele 'āina

Aia nōʻelua nui kūlanakauhale - Naftalan a me Ganja, e like me eiwa hoʻomalu apana. Kēia wahi mea waiwai nui loa i loko o nā minelala hao o koʻu mauʻaneʻi,ʻaʻole wale nō ka aila a me ka kinoea akā, i cobalt, hao pyrite, hao e hoohehee ai, barite, limestone, alunite, gypsum, kinikini, bentonite, zeolite, gula, keleawe, a me nā mea 'ē aʻe. Eia hou kekahi, i loko o kēia mau mea, he ekolu ieie-AYN no ka mea, o ka mea Kura lua i pele 'aneʻi. Manufacturing mea kanu lawe i loko o kēia aneiai wahi mea he wahi nui. Ua kaumaha metallurgy, mīkini hale, mea hana, mea kanu no ka mea? Iecaianoaaiiie a me ka? Aiiio o ka mahiʻai hana, kaa a me nā palapala lako a pan. Light hana produces huahana me ka nānā 'ana ma kūloko maka kekahi mau kumuhana: canned ai a me ka waiū, brandy a me ka waina.

He nui? Ieoaeunoai poʻe, a paka ka laula, Panel, ka ikaika pōhaku puna, nā pōhaku lepo, pōhaku puna aeie, pōhaku keʻokeʻo hale pono hana. Ma nā kūlanakauhale paka i ka iniiaiie maka mea no ka aaioee ferrous a me ka nonferrous metallurgy, potash, sulfuricʻakika. Mahiai pau ai kiliala a me ka uala, i nā hua waina a me nā hua. ? Ac? O ka holoholona mahinaai, horticulture, ka mahiʻai mala. Kēia wahi mea no kumu nui ma ka maalo: ma luna o kona mokuna aia mau pipelines, transporting kaʻaila a me ka kinoea. Ua pono-ulu? Ecia, mai na olelo o climatic'āina maikaʻi. Ke hoʻohana lehulehu ola-oaio? A, a me ka lahui nui.

Other aneiai mau

More nei, ua hoopiiia oia economists i ma e like me ke koena o ka Baku oicyenoaaiiie wahi i underdeveloped, eia nae ke aupuni i ua tirelessly o ko lākou hana maikaʻi. Ua nui na wahi e noho ana i ka lilo o ka waihona kālā, no ka mea, ka mea hiki ole ke Kumu i ko lakou ala iho o ke? Acaeoey. Naʻe, i ke kumuʻepekema ike i ole he ho'āʻo. Ke kūmau i keia la - o ka kulekele o ke dependency. ʻOiai ua momona ma ka 'ano a me ka aniau, i ka aina e,ʻaʻole i kaʻaila - oo? Ecia, e lilo i waiwai.

Azerbaijan he ikaika wahi - ka mea, i loko o ka hapa, e like me ka pono me ka nawaliwali, kahi kanaka hiki ole ola i waena o ka mea kokoke loa ka nele a me ka nele o nā makana, a no ka mea, i na wahi i lilo koke no i mehameha. Nui ia Kahalaopuna maikai entrepreneurial Shamkir māhele 'āina, a hiki i ke kūlanakauhale i hoʻopilikiaʻia o Nakhichevan ua ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ulu'. ʻO ia ke ke wehewehe aku Ganja, Saatli a oi mau mea o elima a eono. Akā, ma laila nā wahi ma kahi o ka,ʻaʻole wale nō ka hana, aka, i? Ecia, akā, mahiai i ole i loaa i ka maʻamau hooponopono a me ka hiki ole hāʻawi a me ke kālele 'ana i nā kālā pololei. Naʻe, ke kahua hana ua lawe mai, a me ka hooulu ana kumumanao ua i. Ua koe e waiho aku ia i loko o ka hana pono.