Boyar Morozova - he kaʻao huahelu. Ke ola moʻolelo o boyar Morozova

Boyar Morozova o kekahi o ka luawai-ike Lūkini personalities i haʻalele lākou mark i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka moku'āina. Kēia wahine i ka epitome o ka wiwoʻole, a paakiki, e ka he maoli kinai i kona mau kumu, a ideals. Inu Boyarynya kekahi henua, no kekahi mea papu fanatic, makaukau e hele aku i ka make, akā, makemake e haawi aku i ko lakou mau & okua ia, i loko o kekahi mea, o ka mea o ka mahalo a me ka pono o kona ia'ku hookama manaoio. Ka mea a ka mea, ua, akā, ia mea - he kaʻao huahelu, a me ka mahalo i ka pena Surikov hoomanao Morozova e e e oi ma mua o kekahi hanauna moʻolelo.

Me Kinohi Boyarina Morozova

Prokopievna Theodosius Ua hanau May 21, 1632 ma Moscow, kona makua kāne - Sokovnin Procopius Fedorovich - ua he courtier, i ka hoahanau o kana wahine mua o Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, Mariey Ilinichnoy. Wā e hiki mai noblewoman ua i waena o nā courtiers i pu i ke aliʻi wahine. I ka 17 makahiki o Theodosius mare Morozova Gleba Ivanovicha. I aku ke kane i ka 'elele o ke aliʻi' ohana, ua ma kinship me ka ohana o ka Romanovs, kokoke Moscow, ia ia i ka'āina hoʻohiwahiwa hale Zyuzin, manaoia makuakane hanauna Aliʻi, a mālama ihola i ke aliʻi o ka hiamoe eke. Ke kaikaina, Gleb, Boris, ua nui loa kona waiwai. He make i ka 1662, e like me ka mamo kana, aole loaa ia ia, a pau ka hele i ka pili o kona hanauna.

Ka waiwai a me ka ole Boyarina

Ma hope iho o ka make ana o Gleb Ivanovich moku'āina o nā hoahānau i ka nīnūnē Ivan Glebovich keiki Gleb, a me Theodosius, a me ka maoli manakia o ka waiwai i kona makuwahine. Ke ola moʻolelo o boyar Morozova ka loa hana hoihoi, no ka mea, i kēia wahine i ko lakou mau manao ma luna o ke ola. Theodosius Prokopievna hookūlana Boyarina lio, ua he ole nui, ua kokoke ia i ke alii. Kona waiwai ke wale huāhuā ka: noblewoman he mauʻana, akā, ua noho i loko o ke kauhale Zyuzin, a kau i kou hale ma ka Western kŘkohu. I ia manawa ka mea, ua ka loa'āina hoʻohiwahiwa hale.

Boyar Morozova haawiʻaoʻao ewalu (!) Kauohaʻia lākou o nā serfs, wale nō i loko o kona hale, ua ma kahi o 300 poe hana. Ma Feodosiya ua he akamai kaʻi, a me ka hoʻonaniʻia me nā mosaics kala, oia pinepine hele, makaukau i kona mau luina o eono, a he umikumamalua na lio me ka rattling kaulahao. I loko o boyarynya huakaʻi pu ma kahi o 100 kane, a me nā kauwā wahine, no ka pale 'ia mai ka ho'āhewa wale. Morozov i ia mau lā, ua noʻonoʻo aneane i ke kanaka richest ma Moscow.

A proponent o ka Old manaoio manaoio

Boyar Morozova ua he ardent kākoʻo iā ia, o ka manaoio kahiko. Ua ua mau kōkua aloha i ka poe ilihune, a me ka naaupo hemolele, E hāʻawi maiʻoe iā lākou i manawalea. Eia hou kekahi, i loko o kona hale pinepine houluulu ukali o ka Old manaoio i ka pule a puni kahiko canons i loko o ka Old manaoio icons. Ka wahine he'ō'ō ihe me Avvakum, he apologist no ka manaoio kahiko, i ole ike na nā mea hoʻololi o makua'lii Nikon.

Ua apo i ka lauoho Awaits, e pela "e tame i ke kino." Akā, Habakkuk ua kä Morozova, nei koi ana, e poalo mai i kona mau maka, e like me ka hana Mastridiya e hoʻopale 'mai na hoowalewale o ke aloha. Kekahi papa kahuna boyarynya i loko o ka poe liilii, ke aloha, no ka mea, i ka wa i kona manaʻo, ua hiki hana nui maikai no na mea he nui aku kanaka ma ka pono. A, Theodosius, nae, a ua oiaio i ka manaoio kahiko, kipa i ka ekalesia o ka hou oihana, a kena ae la ia e mistrust ma ka aoao o conservatives.

hookuli Morozova

Ke alii, ua ike e pili ana i hilinaʻi Boyarina lio, a ua hanaʻo ia i makemake ia. Theodosius käpae 'ekalesia a me ka pilina hanana,ʻo ia i ole e hele i ka ahaaina mare a Alexei Mikhailovich, i ka i ana ia ua loa mai. Ke aliʻi i loko o nāʻano a ho'āʻo e ho ololi i paakiki oe boyarynya, hoʻouna aku i kekahi mea iā ia e kona poe hoahanau, e ua ao aku i ka wahine, a e hoohuli i ka apono i ka hou manaoio, akā, ka mea, ua pau i ka lapuwale: Morozova Ua ku ana ma kona iho. Mau ike i kapaia Boyar Morozova ma hope o hoʻohiki ma o ka Old manaoio. Woman malū lawe ia, a loaa i ka hou inoa - Theodore, ka hooiaio ana kona 'ia e koeʻoiaʻiʻo i ka manaoio kahiko.

Ke alii wahine Maria Ilinichna lōʻihi pent-i ka huhu o ke alii, a me ke kulana kiʻekiʻe o Boyarina i 'ae' aneʻi no laila, pono e hoopai aku ia ia, akā, ke ahonui Alexei Mikhailovich hiki i ka hopena. I ke ahiahi, November 16, 1671 a hiki i Morozova, hele mai Archimandrite Joachim me Kakauolelo o ka ahalunakanawai Hilarion. Ka hale ua, a me ke kaikuahine Princess Boyarina Urusova. E hōʻike i kou disrespect i ka poe hoaai, Theodosius a Eudocia hele aku la i kona wahi moe, a moe mai la i ka nīnau i hele mai. Ma hope o ka nalu nui wāhine shackled a ua haʻalele ma lalo o ka hale hopu. Mau lā ma hope, Morozov Ua kaʻi aku mua ma ka hana mana, a laila, i loko o ka Pskov-lua hoailona.

Ma hope o ka hoopaa Boyarina make o kana wale nō keiki, Ivan, elua a hoʻokuewa wale 'na hoahanau, a ua hoolilo i ka waiwai a pau a hiki i ka alii waihona waiwai. Morozov Ua pono mālama, akā, ua loaʻa iā ia mai kōkua aloha i kona mau aahu a me ka ai kanaka, i kākau kahuna Habakkuk kona mau palapala, a me kekahi o na kahuna o ka wa kahiko manaoio pu i ka wahine ilihune.

hoopaiia ke alii

Boyar Morozova, Princess Urusova a me Maria Danilova (wahine o Colonel musketeers) ma ka hope o 1674 i hoolilo ia Yamskoy iwilei. Hoʻomāinoino 'ma ka hoowalaniaia iho au o na wahine hoao, e hoomaopopo i ka hou ka manaoio, eʻae a me ka haʻalele i ko lākou hilinaʻi, akā, ka mea, ua kupaa. Ka mea, ua kokoke e kuni i ka mea ma ka pahu, akā, i kēia olelo hoino Hāʻule maila Princess Irina, ke kaikuwahine i ke aliʻi a me patroness o na boyars. Alexei Mikhailovich kauoha Evdokia mau kaikuahine, a me Theodosius hoʻokuewa wale 'ia i loko o Pafnutyevo-Borovsky hoailona, a hoopaaia i loko o ka ipu lepo o ka halepaahao.

ka make Boyarina

Ma June 1675, 14 kauwā Boyarina i ke ahi i loko o ka hale lāʻau, kākoʻo i ka manaoio kahiko. September 11, 1675 make mai ka pololi Princess Urusova Morozova i maopopo aku i kona demise. Koke ma mua o kona make ana, ua noi na kiai, e holoi i ka Awaits i loko o ka muliwai, e make ma ka maemae kapa. Mai ka piha exhaustion Theodosius make ma luna o November 2, 1675.

Ke theme like ana o ka pena Surikov

I ka makahiki 1887, ma hope o ka 15th hele exhibition o ka Tretyakov Gallery, i ka hana o ka artist o ke ano akamai "Boyar Morozova" Ua kuai iho la ia no ka 25 tausani rubles. Pena Surikov ho canvas nui 304h587,5 knm, ka mea, ua palapalaʻia me kaʻaila. I kēia lā ka mea, o kekahi o ka nui keʻena ma luna o nā ho'āʻoʻia. kiʻi mai kahi mamao aku,ʻo ka noonoo ana o ka Mea Nānā, mesmerizing lilelile'ōniʻoniʻo, kaiāulu hoihoi o nā kiʻi a me nā māhele ikaika. Vasili i like ke kumu no ka theme like o ka ekalesia schism XVII kenekulia. Ke pena makemake e hōʻike i ka paakiki ke ola a me ka hohonu ka manaoio o ka Lūkini kanaka. He ua hiki e hoolilo aku i ka pōʻino o ke kulana: i ka papa kuhikuhiE ano ua ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa, paopaoia akā, i wāwahiʻia,; Morozov ua make i ka make, akā, no akaka ma ke ano lanakila.

Surikov hoihoi i loko o ka hopena o Boyarina

Kawaihae Boyarina Morozova hoihoi Vasily Ivanovich, no ka mea, i kona mea mua mai Siberia, a ma ka mea kēia māhele mea kaulana no ka nui helu o Old i manaoio. Siberians i ka maikaʻi e pili ana i ka manaoio kahiko, no ka mea, i loko o kēia māhele 'āina e hoʻomano hoʻohana puke "ola" i pau ai i Old manaoio noʻu ka poe i ae ma ka lima o na elele o ka hou manaoio. E like me ia i kekahi mau kumu, a me ka "nui o Boyar Morozova" Surikov hoʻolauna i kona godmother. Apparently, Ua holoʻokoʻa i ka artist ma ka ikaika o ka makemake Boyarina, a nolaila au e resurrect i ka hoomanao ana o ka mea, ma luna o ka nunui canvas depicting ka Episode kahi Morozov ia i ka halepaahao.

ʻO nā kiʻi o ka papa kuhikuhiE huapalapala i loko o ke kiʻi

I ka nana ana i ka canvas i loko o ka mua catches ka maka ke kikowaena ano - Boyarynya Morozova. Description o ke kiʻi Hōʻike i ka artist he lōʻihi manawa e e hooponoponoia ia mea, me ke kiʻi sketches, oia pena ia kaawale, a laila, hoakoakoa ae la. Avvakum Theodosius hōʻike like lahilahi wahine me ka shifty, uila-ola kilohi, a me Surikov hiki ole loaʻa ia i ke kanaka - he fanatical, koko ole, hooweliweli akā, haʻaheo a me ka unbending. Ma ka hopena, oia sketched me Morozov staroobryadki i halawai Vasily Ivanovich kokoke Rogozhskoe ilina.

Moscow ilihune kālepa kaʻukama, lilo iho la ka prototype o ka mea naʻaupō hemolele, akā, i ke kiʻi o ka malihini - o ka mea kākau ia iho. "Boyar Morozova" - he pena waiwai "waihoʻoluʻu symphony." Surikov pili nui i ka malu, e ai ia mea, he maoli. Pena nānā i ka hau no ka lōʻihi manawa, hoʻopio aku i nā mea a pau kona modulations, hakilo iho me ka anu ea e loli ai i ka complexion. I mea no ke aha la i kona mau huapalapala mea ola. E haawi aku i ka manaʻoe kūkulu i ka ano o ka neʻe, Surikov pririsoval i ka sledge holo keiki.

Ka auhau o ka hana o ka artist

Mōʻaukala o ka pena "Boyar Morozova" loa hana, ina wale no keia hana ua kena ae la controversial, a kiʻekiʻe-Profile hoopaapaa manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni i ka hele exhibition. Kekahi makemake e hana Surikov, kekahi - i, akā,ʻae a pau i ka hanaia ia ua he pomaikai. Kekahi mau manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni hoʻohālike au i ka canvas me ka lei Peresia moena, no ka mea, ka mea alohilohi waihoʻoluʻu a me ryabili maka, kula ana no na flaws likeʻole o ke kiʻi, e like me ka mea pololei ole kulana o na lima, a no laila, ma luna o. D. Akā nō, na kaulana loa, a relentless noʻonoʻo loi o ka piha study o ka huahelu e i ua ae aku - ia mea oiaio he masterpiece.

Mua Vasily Surikov kekahi o na Artists no laila, pono a me ka ewaewa ole i mea eh ÷ ike kanaka o ka mālama '-Petrine'āina. I ka waenakonu o ka canvas - kona maka, hooweliweli noʻonoʻo ehaeha, ka wi mai lōʻihi ka hookeai wahine, i noho ai a puni kona clumsy, hawawa koʻu kanaka ma ka für kapa, Torlopov, telogreyah. Ka poe kanaka Wāwahi i loko o nā māhele, kekahi aloha aʻe ana Boyarynya, ka mea 'ē aʻe - i leʻaleʻa o kona pōʻino. Surikov e hoʻokele e hoʻomaha hoʻi i kā lākou mau huapalapala. Ka Mea Nānā, e ku ana ma kahi o ka lole Kahalaopuna a pehea ka nui makemake e hoolilo i ka manawa he mau kenekulia aku nei.

Vasily realistically depicted i nā hanana i i wahi ma Lūkini mōʻaukala. Kana hana i alakaʻi kanaka ole wale e aʻo e pili ana i ka hopena o boyar Morozova, akā, no hoi, e noonoo ma luna o kona mau hana. Kekahi perceives mea like fanatic, kekahi mahalo i kona inflexibility a me adherence i na kumu. I loko o ka helehelena kiʻi o nā poʻe like me ka heroine o ka Populists a me Stenka Razin. Ua olelo wale ia "Boyar Morozova" mea, i loko o kēlā mau makahiki, he mea mau kanaka, malama pono i kona hoahewa ia.