Galimdzhana Ibragimov - Tatar mea kākau a me ka linguist: Kawaihae, ka noiʻi a me ka mea i ao ai

Oe makemake e lohe i ka hoʻonaneaʻana i loko o ka 'ōlelo' Tatar? I kēia lā, ua kamailio e pili ana i ka nui kanaka, ka poe i ole e noho i loko o ka maikaʻi manawa, akā, i ua hiki ke lawe i kaʻu mau manaʻo ma manawa, a hiki mai i ka poʻe mamo. I mea e lilo manaʻo hoʻokahi a me keia kanaka, e mua Hoʻokaʻina 'ia mai i ka Kawaihae o ke keiki Tatar ka mea nui i loko o ka ohana o ka mullah.

Ka mua hoalauna

Galimdzhana Ibragimov - he luawai-ike Tatar mea kākau, ka mea i manaoia he paionia o Tatar moʻokalaleo o ka Soviet wā. He He He meʻe o ka hana. No ka pili aupuni kumu, i hopu ia, akā, i ka 1955 i rehabilitated ia. He ua ma ke alo o ka Tatar ka palapala, ai mea, a me ka hou, ua he kupaianaha ke kanaka, nana i hana, a ua mai makau oukou i ka olelo i ua kumukuai ekemu. Ua noa E ike e pili ana i kanaka i kūkulu i ko lākou'āina. Galimdzhana Ibragimov - he kanaka o ua ole i ole tolerate hiki ponoʻole a me ka wiwo ole mai ke kome i loko o ke kaua.

Galimdzhana Ibragimov: Kawaihae

Ke keiki i hanau March 13, 1887 ma ka kauhale o Sultanmuratovo Ufa'āina a pau. I kēia lā, i kēia wahi o Aurgazinsky District Repubalika o Bashkortostan. Ke keiki i hānau i loko o ka ohana o ka mullah. E like me oe i ike, keia mea he lawehana no o ka Muslim hoomana. Russian aupuni a pau i kapaia mullahs mea ole wale akamai ma Muslim loina, akā, i naʻauao kanaka a me na kumu. Inā 'oe e nānā i nā kūʻiʻo, ua hiki ike i loko o Rusia Mullah equated i ke kahuna, a me ka maikai kumu. Kēlā me kēia no ia ua ma ka kekahi Hale Pule Isalama, oiai kā lākou mau hana i maopopo na na e olelo ku paa o na luna aupuni. I ka Ia manawa i loko o ka Caucasus i kapaia Mullah clergy o lalo o ka huakaʻi.

Biographical 'ike e pili ana i ka mea kākau moʻolelo mea ilihune loa, no ka mea, i ole makemake publicity, a i ole palapala memoirs. Ma keia hihia, ka moʻolelo ua noho iho ia i ke kumu nui e piʻi like o ka Tatar mea kākau, no ka i ka mea pono e mahaloia, a kuaiia.

Learning

Galimdzhana Ibragimov, nona Kawaihae Ua loa pōkole, loaa hoʻonaʻauao 'ana ma ka hale. Kēia i aie i ka mea i kona makua kāne i kekahi mullah - hoʻonaʻauaoʻia ke kanaka no kona manawa. Helu hoʻonaʻauao 'ana, ua loaa ia ma ka kua'āina madrassas "Hussaini" ma Orenburg. He i pokole i hele i ke kula Lūkini i ka 1899. I nā makahiki 1906-1908, ua aʻo i loko o madrassas "Galia". Ia i ka 1906 ua ka mua hopu o ka mea kākau moʻolelo, akā koke i hookuu ia i ke kanaka uʻi.

'oihana hana

Galimdzhana Ibragimov Ua hoike ia iho i loko o nā kula. He ua i ka mea kākau, ka luna hoʻoponopono a me ka hoʻopuka. E like me ka mea kākau moʻolelo,ʻo ia i kona Debut no ka mea, o ka moʻolelo "Ka Expulsion mai madrassas Zaki-shakirdy", i i kākau i loko o 1907. Ka mea, ua i ka lua o ka makahiki o ke kula. Surprisingly, ka mea, ua ai kakahiaka nui i loko o ke keiki, mai madrassas "Galia" kakau iho la oia i ka piha moʻolelo hoihoi '. Loko o 3 makahiki, oia hookuu i kona ohi mua o pōkole moʻolelo, i kapaia o "ka hoʻomaka o ka wai." Kana palapala, ai 'hana ua i ka hopena nui ma luna o ka fiction o Turkic-olelo ana kanaka. Tatar kākau no ka hapanui ke kuleana o ka uuku keiki i ka palapala, ai 'hana me ka a pau, akā, kanaka, e like me ia i ka mea laʻa a hiki i kēia' atikala, hiki ke waiho i kekahiʻiʻo hoailona ma ka mōʻaukala.

Nō hoʻi, i ke kanaka'ōpiopio i ka hoʻoponopono o kekahi mau nūpepa a me nā Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke. Eia hou, ua make pinepine hoʻoponopono i ka piha hana. Kēia heluna o kona nui na hana mākou e makemake ai ole, no ka mea, i nā mea a pau i loko o ka Tatar'ōlelo. He no hoi, pu me kona hoa Fatykhov Saifi-Kazanli komo i loko o ke kala o ka Nupepa "E".

Books ma linguistics

Tatar kākau, he mau kanaka o ka nohona a me ka nunui-faceted, no ka mea, ke ola i ao mai ai ia ia e haku i loko o kekahi mau mea. Mākou meʻe i ka mea kākau o ka puke ma luna o philology a me linguistics. Kana mau hana a pau loa kaulana, e like me ia i palapala mai ia 'oihana. A, i kona kaila palapala i noʻonoʻo, ka mea, ua he pono ana i mea e pono ike 'ōlelo. Ole a pau linguists ke kaena i ka hiki i ka wehewehe, a pili i ka mea pololei. kakau iho la Total Galimdzhana Girfanovich Ibragimov ekolu mau puke ma luna o ke kumuhana: "Ka Tatar grammar", "pähola 'o Moʻolelo" a me "Nā Papahana o ka ao ana o ka' ōlelo." Books ua, ua kākau i loko o 1911, 1916 a me 1918.

e ao ana

Mai ka 1913, hoomaka ae la i ka mea kākau moʻolelo e hui pu iho la i kana palapala, ai '' oihana me ka mea i ao ai. Kēia ka ukuia a hiki i ka mea maʻamau o nele i ka i kekahi dala no ka subsistence. Aʻo 'oihana, ua hoomaka i loko o kona hale mua a me ke kula. Ua aʻo haʻawina o ka Tatar'ōlelo, i i haawiia mai ia ia ia wahi aku me ka. He ua i ka haku o nā hua'ōlelo. Galimdzhana Ibrahimov ike ole wale kā lākou 'ōlelo, akā, i ike pehea e brilliantly waihoʻia na keiki i ka mea, e hoomaka ana e aʻo i nā kumu o ke.

Ke aʻo koʻokoʻo a me ka papa kiʻekiʻe'ōnaehana hiki ole kāpae'ōlelo i ke tālena Ibragimov. Mua i loko o ka makahiki 1925, hoomaka ae la oia e alakai i ka KU¯ Center no ka People ka Commissariat o ka Lepupalika. Naʻe, i loko o keia kulana, oia i noho lōʻihi - pono mau makahiki. I ka makahiki 1927, ua wehe 'ia no ka pili wale i hoopohala aku la i ka Soviet ideology ia. Ka oihana kumu ua: "No kaʻeleu nationalist hana." Ma waena o kēlā mau makahiki, i ka 1926, lilo i ka mea kākau o ka alihi kaua o ka'aheʻelele TatASSR ma ka I All-Union Ahaolelo Lahui o ka Turkic, a i wahi ma ka Baku. 'Oihana'ākoakoa e pili ana i ka romanization o kākau Turkic kanaka. Ma keia halawai ana Galimdzhana Ibrahimov hooholoia e ku e paʻa ana i ka romanization.

hoʻokahuli aupuni ha awina

E like me ka olelo mua, ka meʻe o kēia 'atikala i ka proactive pale mai, a, aole loa i loko o ka wā ma laila i kekahi ano o ka ponoʻole. I ka makahiki 1912, Ibragimov relocated ia Kiev. Hope koke iho o kona hiki ana i loko o ke kūlanakauhale i kekahi hui malu Muslim hui, i hana aku ai i ka pono o ke aupuni. Ma hope o ka manawa ia i ike i kona alakaʻi ua Galimdzhana. ʻO kēia mau makahikiʻo ia i hopu ia e ka mākaʻi, akā, koke e hele ma muli o ke lawa ka nui o ka pololei hoike. I loko nō o ka mea i ke kanaka opiopio i hookuu, oia ua no he manawa lōʻihi ma lalo o ka makaʻala maka.

Ke kahua ma ka aina ulu Makamae manawa. Ua mea akaka i kaʻokoʻa ma ka hoike i ko lakou inaina i ka hana ka mea, ua hiki ole, no ka mea, ua tantamount i unuhi aku la ia i ko lakou mau hoopai. No ka mea, o keia, me ka manao a me ka manao o ka mea kākau ua maopopo lewa ma kona mau palapala, ai 'hana.

Ka mua illustrative hana i ka puke "ko makou mau la", ma a Galimdzhana, mai kona wahi o ka ike a pau o nā hanana ua hōʻolokeʻaʻia i ka 1905 kipi. Nō hoʻi i loko o kona hana uku nui noonoo i keia kumuhana, i aloha Tatar a Lūkini ano hana. He Ua palapala mau novels, a hana i kokoke lea i kiʻi o ke kinai ana no ka pono o Soviet mana: "Ka Legend o ka Red" a me ka "hohonu aa". Ka mea mua i kākau 'ia ma 1920, a me ka lua o ka - ma ka 1928.

Kona ha awina ua i kekahi 'kālai'āina activists ka poe i loaa nui a me ka nui mana, a ma ka 1917 i kono i ka mea kākau i ka All-Russian Constituent Ahaolelo.

hanaia'na

All hana Ibragimov hiki ke maheleia i loko o kekahi mau milestones: hoʻonaʻauao moʻokalaleo, novels, nā moʻolelo a me nā hana keaka. I ka moʻolelo i loko o ka Tatar'ōlelo o kēia mea kākau - ia mea heʻano o ka puka i loko o ka loa okoa honua, a ua alii iho la oia ma ka mana o ka olelo a me ka nui o ka leo. I mea e maopopo ana, i palapala mai i kēia palapala a me ka loea kanaka, e heluhelu ma ka liʻiliʻi loa i kekahi o kana mau hana - laila, e lilo ia i mea maopopo na mea a pau. Kona mau buke, ua maopopo i ka poe keiki a me nā mākua. Eia hoʻi, ka mea, e like hana hoihoi no nā makahiki waeʻano. Lūkini unuhi o kana mau hana i i nui ma mua o ka mea i kākau hana ia iho ma hope. Ke koena unuhi o literally ma 20-30 makahiki. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i loko o ka palapala o nā puke banned Ibrahimov heluhelu, a me ka hana a pau na makai e hōʻoia poina i keia inoa loa.

Ka mua nui huahana o ka mea kākau i ka puke "Young Hearts", i i kākau i loko o ka makahiki 1912 a me ka unuhi 'ia i loko o Lūkini wale nō i loko o ka makahiki 1980. Ma keia hana a na kākau haawi aku i ka piha aeaiaua o ke ola ana o Tatar kanaka o okoa kaua i loko o ke kakahiaka nui iwakalua kenekulia.

ma hope o ka kipi

Ma hope o ka kipi Galimdzhana hoomau kona hana hou. He Ka aoia no hoi lakou i ka haʻawina o ka Tatar'ōlelo, a ao aku na keiki i ka pololei ka puana. Mai ka 1920 i ka makahiki 1924 makahiki, oia ua he limahana o ka 'Oihana a me ka hoʻopuka puke lecturer ma ke Kulanui Communist ma Kazan. E like me 'oe ke ike, aole i noho malie Galimdzhana Ibragimov, kona Kawaihae mea,ʻaʻole loa piha o nā kūʻiʻo,. Kona ola nei, ma o ka noi hala, oia hoʻololi pinepine i kona wahi o ka hana. Eia hou,ʻo ia ua mau i loko o ka nānaina piha o ka mana, mai kona hana i pinepine kue i ka 'aoʻao pilikino E pili.

I ka makahiki 1925, ua lilo Luna hoomalu o ka KU¯ Center o ka People ka Commissariat o Hoonaauao. Up a 1937, oia ua hope Luna hoomalu o ka Muslim Commissariat.

hopu

Mālie ke ola a me ka hana e ole mau loa ana. Ma 'Aukake 1937, Ibragimov i hopu. A i loko o ka nani kulanakauhale Yalta. Na mea a pau i hiki mai ai koke: mua, e hele i loko o ke kūlanakauhale makai 'Oihana, a laila, ua laweʻia i Kazan. Here la oia i laka 'ia i loko o ka hale paʻahao haukapila, e like me ka mea, e olelo aku, me ka hookolokoloia. Eia naʻe, i kēia mea,ʻaʻole pono ke aka o ka olelo akā, me ka ike maopopo. Aha i kekahi hana i loko, a me ka verdict ua ole. Ua wehe iki i kekahi lā na buke a pau o ka mea kākau moʻolelo, mai nā hale waihona puke, a ua papaia mai i kona inoa, e hoomanao. E like me na mea a pau i hana: manawa - a he mea hou ke kanaka.

Paʻakikī, e olelo aku no kaʻoiaʻiʻo, akā, koke i ka mea kākau moʻolelo i make ai. January 21, 1938, i hala aku la. He ia i ka hopena o ka hoʻokolokoloʻiaʻana a me ka hainā, a ma kona ano maoli make - mea paakiki ke olelo aku, no ka ua hoʻolaha i ka 'ike a pau, a i na kanaka hea ka Ibragimova mai i ike pehea na mea a pau i loko o ka lanakila. Kēia moʻolelo i pau loa inoino, ina he kanaka i noho i ka kohu kūpono ola. He nui kekahi mau manao e pili ana i ke kumu Ibragimov i kakahiaka nui, a no laila, koke make iho la. E huli mai i ka kiko'ī kumu o ka nui kanaka o ka make mea olelo lealea, e lanakila kekahi manawa. Wale nō ma hope o ka make ana o ka mea kākau moʻolelo i rehabilitated, ma ka rula, e like nui no hoi na kanaka nona ka inoa i ua holoiia mai ka 'aoʻao o ka mōʻaukala.

paʻa

Galimdzhana Ibragimov, kona Kawaihae i pau loa tragically, nō immortalized ma ka moʻomeheu. Kazan i posthumous kia hoʻomanaʻo i ka mea kākau moʻolelo, i kahi ma luna o ka Arsk ilina. Kekahi inoa ma hope o Ibragimova Kazan Institute, a alanui i loko o ke kūlanakauhale. I ka 1987, ua weheʻia ka iau i loko o kona inoa i loko o kona hanau kauhale activist. Ma Kazan, hoʻouka kekahi i kekahi bust o ka mea kākau moʻolelo, a i ka henua pololei kiʻekiʻe kula i kona inoa. Ma ka hanohano o keia kanaka ka mea, ua i kapa hou ai i ke alanui i loko o Ufa, a malaila oe e ike ai i ka mea hoomanao plaque. Tatar artist Hanif Habibrahmanov i bas Galimdzhana.

Summing i ka hopena o ka 'atikala, ka mea e e olelo mai ia mākou e ole mau ike e pili ana i ka pono kanaka, ka poe i pono, e aʻo mai iā lākou. Pinepine ia poe e "kanu" i loko o ka mōʻaukala aie i ka mea i kā lākou mau olelo i oki pepeiao luna. He He aloha i loko o ka hala hiki e ai oluolu e pepehi i kekahi kanaka, a hoolei aku la ia ia ma kaʻaoʻao o ke ola. He nui ka poe i hookiekieia personalities ka poe i hiki i rehabilitated posthumously, nō i ku i loko o nā manaʻo o ke kaiāulu i ke kūlana i ka mea i manao naue like. A kēia aupuni o ka lehulehu e ole ae ia i ka hilahila.