Game theorist Dzhon Nesh

Dzhon Nesh Ua lilo lohe nuiʻia ma ke ao nei, i ke aloha a hiki i ka hōʻike "A Beautiful ke Anuenue." He surprisingly pēnēia, hoopiiia no ia me ka manaoio i ka mana o ke kanaka akamai, ola-kona hoakaka kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Kēia biopic, ho film kŰia ho film-loaʻa. Ua hoʻolauna iā 'ka Mea Nānā i loko o ke ao nei o ka wā e hiki mai, ma ka naʻau e hana i nā mea kupanaha. Poignant'ōwili pūʻia o ka uhauha, a me ka ano akamai i loko o kona ke kuʻikahi, a me ka paio. Collection "Oscars" - hoike o keia. Created ma keia mathematician, hihiu kumumanaʻo Ua huli hoohaunaele i na kumu o ka hui kālepa hana. 27 'aoʻao doctoral ia hoʻi Nash i ia he ole ma luna o ke kaiāulu kanaka, a me ka hoʻokele waiwai, e like me he 21ʻaoʻao doctoral ia hoʻi ma luna o Einstein kaʻimi naʻauao ke kālaikūlohea.

Ka pähola 'ana o Adamu Smith, i mea maʻa mau ia mahope iho o ka hooulu ana i ka lokomaikaʻi, bourgeois kaiāulu, like ana i ke ala e kaupaona i nā Dzhon Nesh, nana kona maka,ʻaʻole e hāʻawi ana i ka maopopo ho'ākāka ana i na mea he nui Contemporaryʻike manaʻo. Ka luna theories i pili ma ka like me he mau-dimensional anahonua mea wale he subset o ka ekolu-dimensional.

hoʻomaka ai

John Ua hānauʻia ma luna o 13.06.1928, ma Bluefield (West Virginia). Ke kula i ole he "nerd", ia i aʻo meakino. E like me ke ano - he vicious, p'.

Hoi i noonoo ai i ka wā e hiki mai mathematician (palena pau anahonua, a me ka pähola 'ana o nā pāʻani) i i makemake i ke kula i ke kumuhana. Ma kēia kahua, nā mea a pau i loko o ka mea, ua hana kupua meakino. Me ina hiamoe i kona intellect, a kali i ka pahu aku ai i. Aʻo ia nō hele mai.

I kona makahiki 14, he teenager iho la i loko o ka lima o ka puke "kanaka haku o ka makemakika" o kona compatriot Erika Bella, mathematician a me ka mea kākau o ka 'epekema fiction. Ka puke Ua loa authentically ho'ākāka i ke ola o na mathematicians nui o ko lākou ways a me na makana, e holomua.

He aha puke wā heluhelu ia i hiki mai ai? ʻO wai ka mea i ike ... akā, ka mea, ua like ia me he lālā, ma hope i mai ai i keia loa awelika "oho" haumāna Dzhon Nesh hana aku i ka mea hiki ole koke i ka 'ē aʻe proves Fermat ka iki theorem. ka mea hope 'ole i loko o ka mea i olelo iki aku. Akā, manaʻo mai iaʻu, ka mea, ua he hana mana. Me ka mea hiki ke hoohalikeia? Paha pela, me he mea me ka moku'āina loira Mea Keaka huli i ka hihia, a me ia mea nui e pāʻani kauhale ma ke poʻo.

Polytechnic Institute

Kona makua kāne (keikiʻia i kekahi i kona inoa) ua ka hoʻonaʻauao ke kanaka,ʻo ia hana e like me ka uila no lunaʻenehana i loko o ka kālepa huakai. Makua ma hope o ka maopopo ana o Fermat ka hope Theorem ua ahuwale i Dzhon Nesh, e lilo Jr. i nä känaka 'epekema.

Kekahi,''he noiʻi wehe akea o ka puka o kekahi kanaka i loko o kekahi 'ano' ihiʻihi Polytechnic Institute, Carnegie, kahi kemika he kanaka opiopio i koho mua, alaila, i ka hoʻokele waiwai global a me ka hope hoʻokumu iho i loko o ka makemake e lilo i mathematician. He loaa diplomas, kēkelē ka a me nā degere haku, pahuhopu nei me ka hana kūikawā "ʻimi naʻauao a me ka haʻapili Balanced".

E aʻo pehea e mahalo i kona kula, na kumu, wahi a ka hoike hoopuka ia e ke kumu Richard Duffin no ke komo ana i ke kulanui '. Eia ka ka kikokikona ka piha a verbatim: "! Kēia kanaka - he ano akamai"

ke kulanui '

A nae hoomaikai i koi, a brilliantly hala examinations ia i komo i ke Kulanui o Dzhon Nesh. Kawaihae no ka mea, oiai e pili ana i ka manaʻo i ka mea maoli naue like alakaʻi. Pehea ia hoike?

Ia mea oia i ike i wale eiwa makahiki ma mua o ka huli mai, i ka wa a ka uhauha, no kanakolu makahiki, e pani kona pouli lāʻau malumalu o paranoid schizophrenia mai ke waho ao nei, e nā keʻa mai hoʻi o ke kaiāulu, pepehi ohana, ke kāpaeʻana hana a me ka home.

Young kanaka pono mai i ike pehea, a i ole i kahi o ka he laina e hoʻokaʻawale ano akamai a me kaʻuhaʻuha. He enthusiastically aloha mai i ka hōʻike o ka hou 'epekema o ka hihiu kumumanaʻo, ka brainchild o economists Morgenstern a me John av Neumann, a lawe koke ae la i ka ia ilalo kona poo brainstorming. He iwakālua nā makahiki o ke ano akamai i hiki ke kū kaʻawale hoʻomōhala kumu hana o ka hihiu kumumanaʻo, a ma o ka 21 makahiki ka mea, ua pau ka hana ma ka like doctoral ia hoʻi.

Where ka opiopio kauka ua kokoke 'epekema e ike i ka hope o 45 makahiki o ka pähola' o Dzhona Nesha Nobel makana e e ana kūpono? Ke Company e pono aneane hapalua o ka kenekulia, e ike i ka mea, ua he Hopu!

hana

Loa kakahiaka nui i loko o nā makahiki 1950-1953., At 22-25-makahiki-kahiko nä känaka 'epekema hoʻomaka i ke au o ka makakū waiwai nui. kakau iho la oia i kekahi mau kumu hana ma ka ai-i kapaia pähola 'o ka pāʻani me ka nonzero huina. He aha ka mea? 'Ōlelo Aʻo' oe e loaʻa hope i loko o kēia 'atikala.

Dzhon Nesh - ka mathematician kaulana a me ka holomua. Kona wahi o ka hana a ka loa 'ihiʻihi Hawaii Institute o Technology, ke aupuni' o Kamepelika. A laila,ʻo ia ka minoʻaka loaa a: i ka hui 'ana me ka propentagonovskoy RAND Inc. Heʻai i kona palena nā pāhana o ke anuanu War, e lilo ana i kekahi o na alakai American akamai i loko o kona mana.

He aha ka pāʻani kumumanaʻo

Na makana i ka holoholona hihiu pähola ma Contemporary rula hooponopono o ke kaiāulu mea pilikia e overestimate. He aha mea he kaiāulu i loko o hua'ōlelo o macroeconomics? Ke AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o na mea he nui aku. No ka laʻana, ka mea hoʻopiha hana, ke aupuni, nā mākua. A hiki i keia nunui kiʻekiʻe, ka mea, ua ike i ka poʻe hahai iā kēlā o ia kona hoʻolālā.

Business palena papaha hoʻi i hāliu mai e overstate kā lākou waiwai (utesnyaya hale) a me ka loa kń auhau (underpaying State).

State mea eʻoi aʻe e inflate auhau (uhi i ka poe liilii, a me ka meakino pāʻoihana) a malalo pae o ka lawelawe kaiāulu (kaona i kākoʻo kūlana Hoʻohana o ke kaiāulu).

Hale hoʻomaha inflated nohona kākoʻo mai o ka moku'āina, a me ka palena iki kala o ka waiwai a me nā lawelawe i hua mai ma ka hana.

Pehea e kiʻi i kēia mau Swan, Cancer, a Pike pu a dynamically e alakō ke kaa, i ka inoa o ka a - ka huakai? Ua Ho'ākāka 'pāʻani kumumanaʻo.

Ke brainchild o Dzhona Nesha - ka pilikia me ka ole-Aʻohe huina

Ka luna papa o pilikia ma ka waiwai o kekahi aoao ua losing i ka kekahi, kapa aku la i ka pilikia o ka 'Aʻohe-huina. Ua ike pehea e helu a me Morgenstern a me av Neumann. Eia naʻe, iloko o ia no keia ano o ka pilikia i hana i na mea paahana a me ka mea manaʻo i hoʻomākaukauʻia o Dzhon Nesh.

Akā,''he mathematician ma keia kükohu ua i papani iho la i, ka mea, ua hoao hou palupalu hana o ka papa ( 'Aʻohe-huina). No ka laʻana, e kue ana a me ka uniona kālepa, e e koi, e hoala i na uku.

Escalate ke kahua ma ka lōʻihi 'olohani, nāʻaoʻaoʻelua, e ae aku poho. I ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka uniona kālepa a me ka hooponopono, i ka maikaʻi kou akamai, a me ka poe a me kekahi poe e ae e noho i loko o ka lanakila' ana. Kēia kahua Ua kapa 'ole-Free equilibrium a Nash equilibrium. (Kēiaʻano o ka pilikia i kalaiaina nīnūnē, kuai kaua.)

I kēia mau lā o ka hoʻok & ke kaiāulu kanaka, hōʻike heʻoiaʻiʻo aloha pauʻole,ʻano o ka hana kūleʻa o okoa nā mea hana keaka. A kokoke i nā mea a pau o ia amenable i ka makemakika Ka Ikepili like me ka pilikia a me ka pili-Aʻohe huina.

Personal ola

A hiki i ka hopena o 50 ka wā e hiki mai Nobel makana e uwa Dzhon Nesh pii i ka me kēia hulili, a, no laila, e'ōlelo aku, o Kepakailiula i ekolu anuu. i ka papa kuhikuhiE manaʻo, he mau kanaka no ia. Coldly a cynically kana kamailio ana aloha ia ia colleague ma mit Eleanor Stier. 'Aʻole i hoʻopā mai iā ia, a ua hānau maila ia he keiki. He wale i iʻike i kona mau paternity. Incidentally, kekahi o ka kime i waena o nā hoapili Nash, aohe hoa. He ua eccentric a me ka malihini, noho iho la ia ma ka honua invented ma ka ia nā papakuhikuhi i. A pau i kona noonoo ana i hoolaa ai i kekahi mea - ulu i ka maikaʻi ka hoʻolālā.

Hekikai no e olelo aku, kupu alakai technologist o ke anuanu War, he kanakolu Dzhon Nesh. Picture iā ia i loko o kēia mau makahiki ka mea i like loa me ke kiʻi o ka Mea Keaka i pâʻani 'o ia Rassela Krou. Menina me ka akamai helehelena, a me ka noʻonoʻo nānā. Ka pomaikai Magazine Wānana hoʻi i kona nani a me kona kaulana. Ma Pepeluali 1957, oia mare Alicia Lard, ka mea, i mau makahiki hoikeia keiki Martin. Naʻe, i kēia mea, e ia i ke kiekie loa o ka takeoff 'oihana a me ka wellbeing John hoomaka ae la e hōʻike symptoms o paranoid schizophrenia.

maʻi

Next i Dzhona Nesha, hoomaka ae la he no: heʻoʻoleʻa insulina Inc ma Trenton State Halemai Moiwahine, hoʻokuʻu, oki ma hope o nā makahikiʻekolu o ka maʻi me kaʻAʻole eʻole ke Alicia Lard, e auwana ana a puni ka Kamehameha hale.

I ka 60 o ka haha mai maikaʻi, a me Eleanor Stier i ka noho i ka hale ma luna o lākou poʻo nä känaka 'epekema, ka mea, o ka manawa i kamailio me kana keiki mua. Nash manao iho la oia i hou ana, a ua kū lawe antipsychotic ka lapaʻauʻia. I ka maʻi hoi aku la.

A laila, ma ka '70s, alaila, haawi mai malumalu Alicia Lard. Nā hoapili haawi aku la ia i ka 'oihana.

Ke alanui i ke ola

Ma keia huli, ka mea ike i ka noho ana ma ka illusory, ino schizophrenia a me paranoid honua, a hoomaka ae la e kaua aku me ka maʻi. Akā,ʻo ua ole he kauka a he nä känaka 'epekema. Nolaila, o kona mau lima i 'inikua' ana i kūpono, a ua hoʻomohala e iho Game kumumanaʻo. Scientifically kūpono kaua i ka paranoia Dzhon Nesh. Movie me Russell Crowe i loko o ke kūlana o ke ano akamai ua hōʻike. He kaua me ka maʻi a puni ka huahelu, me kaʻae like hoʻokuʻu ma kahai, e like me ka hoa paio ma luna o ka holoholona hihiu mamua o ka Initiative e kń kona hiki wale mai o ke kaupalenaʻana i ka laulā o ka hahau ana, e hoole ana i hāpai '. E like me ka hopena o keia mea nui i loko o kona olaʻana o ka aoao ia i luku i ke ano akamai i ka uhauha,: ka mea, ua loaʻa ikaika loa minimization o ka maʻi.

Eia hoi, i ka lōʻihi-kali verdict i haawiia mai ai i loko o ka makahiki 1990 ma ka lapaau: Dzhon Nesh ola. E pono e uku aku i ka waiwai auhau i ka 'epekema ao nei o kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia, ua i poina i ke ano akamai ma hope o nā mea a pau i kēia oi aku mamua o ke kanalima makahiki, e hoʻohana i ka hana? Ac? E Nash. I ka 1994, ua lanakila 'o ka Nobel makana (no ka mea, o kona lae pua ia hoʻi, kākau ma ka makahiki o ka 21!). I ka 2001, Nash koke hou nakinaki i ka knot me Alicia Lard. I keia la, ke nä känaka 'epekema kaulana mau aku nō kona' epekema hana i loko o kona Princeton oihana. He mea hoihoi i loko o nonlinear hoʻolālā o ka hoʻohana kamepiula 'ē aʻe.

ka hopena

Kēia 'Amelika ano akamai - he surprisingly okoa kanaka, a pau kona ola - ka hooiaio ana o ka pähola' ana o nā pāʻani. hoakoakoa oia i kona ola mai a me ka lanakila, ke aloha a me kaʻuhaʻuha, a me ka lanakila o ka intellect ma paranoia. No ka mea Ikepili o ka puni ike maopopo Dzhon Nesh ua mau nanea ia? Ac? Ia ia iho e like me ka 'epekema kani.

Ke ano akamai nä känaka 'epekema loa maopopo hiki ke wehewehe aku ma ka hopuna'ōlelo Umberto Eco (puke "Foucault ka Pendulum"), i ke ano akamai ua mau pāʻani ma luna o ka mea hookahi ke keʻena. Eia naʻe, i kona hihiu - Ua kū hoʻokahi a me ka hanana. No ka mea, ia ia Radio ma luna o laila, a laila, e hoʻohana i ka 'ē aʻe eiiiiiaiou.