George Zhzhenov: Kawaihae, pilikino ola, 'ohana, ka wahine, na keiki

He nui loa-ike nui Lūkini Mea Keaka Georgiy Zhzhenov. Kawaihae, me kona ohana, oia i hana eha manawa i loko o kona ola lōʻihi, e ka kumuhana o ka keia 'atikala. Zhzhenov haule e hoomau a hiki i ka hailona o ke kālā,ʻaʻole naʻe ia i lawe ia lakou me ka mahalo a me ka hanohano.

Me Kinohi a me nā mākua

Ka aina hanau o George Zhzhenov? Kona Kawaihae hoomaka ma Petrograd i ka 1915 i loko o ka ohana o ka artisan-kahuai. George ka makuahine, Maria Feodorovna i kona makua kāne Stepan Filippovich mare, ia ia i ua he widower, a me ka makua kāne o elima kaikamahine. Pono au i hele aku i kona hānau kulanakauhale o Tver, nana aku la ma hope o kana wahine i ke kaikamahine, a me St. Petersburg, e hoʻonaʻauao keiki, a hanau i ka loaʻa hou ana, e hoʻouka hou aku au i nui me eono kanaka. Hooulu ana i na keiki uaʻaʻole maopopo bothered makua kāne i mau hoaaloha a me ka "uliuli nahesa". All Zhzhenova nunui ohana iloko o ka First World a me ke Kanawai War, lāʻau kū-kaua O ka lukuia, a me na makahiki mua o Soviet mana, huki ma luna o ko lakou mau kua i ka makuwahine, i ka mea Lūkini wahine, a ia ia iho Georgiy Zhzhenov hoomanao iho la me ka mehana a hiki i ka lā hope o kona ola lōʻihi.

Adolescence a me ka hoʻomaka o ka hanaʻiʻo akula nō 'oihana p

Akā, hoʻowahāwahā a pau nā hihia i ka 'ohana e noho ana, mua keiki kupu ae la a hele aku la i ka noho i kūʻokoʻa ola. Kaikuaana George Boris, oia ua nui loa ihola, ma ke kakahiaka nui 30s a me ka mea a komo i ke kulanui, a me ka ia, i he kanaka ui loa ikaika a me kekahi kime pāʻani, ma hope o ke kula ewalu-makahiki i ka 1930 i helu i ka likeʻole ma-circus kula ma luna o ka acrobatic Oihana. A makahiki ma hope,ʻikeʻia circus Mea Keaka George Zhzhenov, Kawaihae a hoomaka iho la ma ka Arena o ka Leningrad circus acrobatic duet "2-Georges-2." Hoa o kona hana ana i kekahi o na classmates, me kona namesake, ma keia hope aku i ka inoa o ke duo.

George Zhzhenov, kona Kawaihae ua a laila i ka puu o ka pahi 'ana e haʻalele, mau Mahalo nui hoʻomanaʻo aʻela i kona circus kêia kanaka. A hiki i ka pau ana o kona mau lā āna i noho maikaʻi physical shape (no ka mea,ʻo ia paha ola Kolyma), a hiki i ka umi makahiki walu o ka hana acrobatics.

Ke ana o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni

Ua ua i loko o ka circus a me kona i mai "hōʻike kanaka" me Lenfilm a kono i kekahi mau manamana nui i loko o ka "Ua pilikia ka meʻe" ho film (1932). He haʻalele i ka circus, a komo i ka Leningrad E noa ka School o ka lawelawe Arts i ka holo ana, a alakai a laila kaulana Soviet Auana kau wela Sergei Gerasimov. Ma ia laua, ka mea mau i ka hana i loko o films. Hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni iā ia ma mua o kona hopu ia ana i ka 1938, aia hoi au i elima Film, a me ka mea iā Naha Pōhaku hanohano Soviet kinohit "Chapaev", i hoʻokani pololei oe Zhzhenov Komikina Furmanova Tereshka.

Pehea laila au i noho ai George Zhzhenov? Kona Kawaihae ma ke kakahiaka ola ua like ia me miliona o nā biographies o ka uʻi Soviet kanaka. Ua makemake mea i ka wā e hiki mai kaua nui i hai mua ia mai ia ia. Naʻe, ke keiki Mea Keaka i na kumu e makaʻu ai no kona hopena, a me kona mau makaʻu i hookupaa iho la ia koke.

Nā kêia kanaka no ka hana keaka o ke ola Georgiya Zhzhenova

Ma December makahiki 1934 ma Leningrad, i e kaua kīmopō i ke poo o ka 'āina' hoʻolālā o na communists, ma ka mea o ka lua o kanaka i loko o ka'āina ma hope o Stalin, a me kona competitor (ma ka liʻiliʻi loa, e like me ka nui laila, manaʻo) Sergei Kirov. I keia pepehi ana i ke kumu no ka Stalin, a me kona entourage i ka hoʻomaka o ka ai-kapaia ka weliweli nui ma ka aina. Ka mea, Ua kauoha me ka nui mamua koʻikoʻi aoao a me ka moku'āina alakaʻi. Akā, ke kiʻekiʻe, i waena o nā mōhai o karaima hana o Stalin ka repressive kino i oi ano o kanaka, ka poe i ole i kekahi mea e hana me ka kālai'āina. No laila, i waena o ia i kekahi haumāna ma Leningrad University Boris Zhzhenov. Ka moʻolelo, i hiki ia ia loa maopopo characterizes ka lewa o ka hysteria a me ka mau e hoʻohuoiʻia, a ua Soviet ke kaiāulu kanaka, iloko o ka lua o ka hapalua o ke kanakolu.

Ka maopopo i nā haumāna o LSU nae e hele ma na alanui o Leningrad i loko o ka huakaʻi. Boris noi i ke kakauolelo o ka Komsomol hui o ka papa, e kuu aku ia ia mai keia hana, no ka mea, wale i ole i ka maʻamau mau kamaa, e pale aku i na hora o ke ku ana, a hele i loko o ke anu (i loko o ke Kulanui, oia i noho hurriedly i loko o kona loa hakina kamaa). Kēia noi i ka hoohalike ana me kekahi kīnā o ka unwillingness e ka hoʻohanohanoʻana i ka hoomanao ana o pogibschego Communist alihi kaua, a nolaila, i kaʻenemi e pili ana i ka Soviet mana iho. ʻO kēia makahiki i hopu Boris, a laila,'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi no e hoouna aku i Vorkuta i hoomoanaʻi, a me ka ohana a pau i a hoʻokuewa wale 'ia mai Leningrad Zhzhenova. ku ae la o George no kona druzya- "filmmakers" i ka pau ana i Sergei Gerasimov. He ua e hoʻomaka 'ana ka wā o ka pana ana o ka ho film "Komsomolsk", a i' ole a me Georgiy Zhzhenov. Kawaihae no ka mea hope, e like me ka noa ke kanaka, e ana no kekahi mau makahiki, akā, i ka repressive kino i wale huli no i ka olelo e, e haawi aku ai ia i kona hou kauoha.

Ka mua hopu

I ke kauwela o 1938, he pae o ka hōʻike hoku, a ua a me ka wela ikaika, i hele ma kona hua lole, e pana aku ma Komsomolsk-ma-Amur. Lākou hoa huli US diplomat, ma kona aoao a hiki i Vladivostok. Aia ua lilo i ka papa ma ka aoao o ka hui 'ma waena o na hoa (e holo ana no kekahi mau lā ma hope o). Akā, no ka mea, o ka mea a pau i ka haole diplomats i loko o ka USSR, iā noke ua hoʻonānā, laila, ma luna o ka papaʻaina kau i ka hoike i ke kikowaena nakeke o ka NKVD Moscow, ma a pau ka poe i hui me ka malihini nā mea hana keaka i helu. No ka Zhzhenov ma ia manawa mua i kekahi hoahanau o ka ho'āhewa "enemi o na kanaka", e ka mea, ua i nā mea maikaʻi moho no ka 'āhewa' ana o espionage ku ei ka Soviet Union. Soon,ʻo ia i hopu ia ma Leningrad ma o kona keʻena, kahi ia i noho ai me kana wahine mua, Eugenia, ka mea i kona classmate ma ke Kulanui no ke kahua Arts.

Elua a me ka hapalua makahiki i loko o ke keʻa

I loko o ka hoʻokolokolo 'ana au Zhzhenov hele i na koʻikoʻi a hanohano o Gehena o Stalin ka hoʻomāinoino' keʻena. Ua hana ia ia ia i na mea a pau i kēia manawa lohe nuiʻia, mai ka memoirs o nā poe hoike aku ka poe i hala i ka mea ala. Pau ole interrogations "me ka hoʻokaeʻili", pepehi ana ia, hiamoe deprivation, i ka wa a ka mea i hoopiiia i i ka ai-kapaia investigative mea hoʻoili, ec noke mau i ka pule (a oi, akā, e ola mahope aku o) ka interrogation o ka lau, ka mea i hahai ana ka mea mamuli o kekahi, e noiʻi. E like me na memoirs o Zhzhenova ka wā āna i nalowale ike paka, a hina iho la i ka papahele, ka mea e noiʻi ka lauoho hooku ae la ia i kona mau wawae, a me ka interrogation hoomauia.

He nui ole ke ku, kakauinoa i ka absurd hoopiiia stipulating nā kanaka, oa. E. Aole pono mea i pono ai Stalin ka poe koa, e ho'āpono aku lākou mau hana. Inmate Zhzhenova i hele aku e hana me ia me ka manao, aole hiki ke hooku kona kuakoko, a a laila moe he pepehi anaʻia iā iho (wehe aa koko ma lalo o kekahi papa).

Akā, Zhzhenov George, kona Kawaihae mea,ʻaʻole naʻe e e piha manawa me ka ho'āʻo ma, i hooholoia i ka hainā a me ka hoʻomāinoino, hoole, e ae aku i ka 'āhewa' ana o ka espionage, a pela hoʻopakele i kona ola. Ma hope o nā mea a pau ike, ana ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka make. i haawi Zhzhenov 5 makahiki i loko o ka halelewa, i mea "maikai" Stalinist waha hohola e like ka nui me elua makahiki. He aha hiki i ka manao no ka hele ana i Siberia, Georgi Zhzhenov? Kawaihae, ohana, na keiki, ka mea i hiki ia ia - i keia ua e lilo ana inaccessible ia ia. I mai la ia a hui hou i kana wahine, a noi ia mai, e kali no kona hoʻi.

Kolyma, Kolyma, kupanaha Honua, he umi mahina o ka hooilo, ke koena - kau

A hiki aku i ka moku nona ka hale kaua i piha me na haneri o "pio", hāʻawiʻia i loko o Zhzhenova Nagaeva Bay no Magedala, he 25 makahiki. Mua ia i elima makahiki ma ka halelewa, kaumaha hana oolea, ka pololi, ke anu, i kela la aumeume aku la no ola. Ma hope o nā mea a pau,ʻo ia i ae mai i ka makahiki, i ka wa a ka ua meager lako i ua kua i lalo i ka palena iki Kolyma loa pilikia kaua. Mākou e make ana i ka pololi a pau lagpunktov me ka haneri o "pio." Ma kekahi ia i ka manawa maopopo Zhzhenov hai i loko o kekahi o kona mau paʻi pōkole nā moʻolelo e pili ana i ke ola i loko o kahi e hoʻomoana ai, i ka mea i kapaia o ka "maa aku ai i".

He wa hooilo ia i loko o kekahi o ka loihi lagpunktov, Aia he mau kilomika mai ka nui i hoomoanaʻi. Ua ua he keʻena wahi kahi amo ke hele wale nō i loko o ke kauwela. Nā luna intentionally lawe ma laila i loko o ka kauwela no ka hooilo kumukuai huahana, a me kekahi mau haneri poʻe e noho lā ma ka Camp Māhele, me Zhzhenova hoomaka ae la e starve a me ka make lohi. Ma keia hoʻomoana 'ohana ka palekana huahana mau haawiia mai ma ka toboggan Trail, no ka mea, na kiai wale i ka hui i kakini, a "pio" - he mau haneri. A ke hele mai i ka lono i Zhzhenov i loko o ka papa kuhikuhi kahua kaua apana i hiki aku ai, mai ka makuahine, a me kaʻoiaʻiʻo i nā huahana. Akā, pehea e hele ai i ka papa i hoomoanaʻi "goner" ka mea, hoʻowahāwahā i kona wā'ōpiopio, a me kona kahiko ikaika, pilikia e hele ma kā lākou mau wāwae mai ka maʻi malnutrition. About smuggle paa pu ma Camp Māhele hiki ole ke noonoo, no ka mea, o ka 'aʻe' ana o ke kauoha. A losing i mehana wahi na tausani o ka mile, mai ke alo, a me ka ia i loko o ka 'auwaha o Kelemānia hopeʻia, kekahi o ka hooponopono i i makemake ia. Zhzhenov ua,ʻAʻole eʻole. Randomly ike keia lilo i kūloko ae ka NKVD, ka poe i kipa ka 'ölelo-ola me ka make Camp Māhele (hōʻea ma laila ma ka wawae). Ua ua ia i? Aaei Zhzhenov hele i ka waihona ipu hoʻomoana me ia, me he mea i hele pū. He aha ka mea hou ia o George, i ke kakahiaka nui, ia ia i ike ai ia mana, huki i ka liʻiliʻi maa aku ai, a waiho kekahi palapala kuhikuhi. I ko lakou puka ana iwaho, mai Camp Māhele ma kohu kūpono loihi, George e hähä i kona ikaika mai, a me ka ia i haalele i ike. Me ka olelo, Komikina hahao ihola iā ia i loko o ka sledge, a hooauhee aku la i kekahi mau kilomika i ka wahi o ka papa e hoʻomoana ai, i kahi āna i wehe aʻe, no laila, i mua ka mea, i hoomalu i loko o ka mau palapala: "nahesa" a me ka hele pū ana me makai. He aha kena ae la i ka luna, e hōʻike uncharacteristic "enkavedeshnikam" lokomaikaʻi,ʻaʻole loa mākou eʻike. Akā, no ka mea wale mea i ka mea, kokoke hoʻopakele i ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka poʻokela Lūkini Mea Keaka, ua hiki e mahalo. Ma hope o ka hoʻouna 'ana i ka makua maoli, he mau huahana i kōkua Georgi ola i ka hooilo weliweli.

Life ma waena o nā manaʻoʻelua

I ka 1943 George o ke kanawai kahi i hoʻomoana ai ma ka koʻu grouse literally huki i ke poo o ka hele Mea Keaka ka propaganda kime Nikanorov. Ma ka weliweli-huli, ua weluwelu "Zeke", uhi me ka pehu pala, a "pimples" ike aku la ia i ka ia mua Mea Keaka, a hoohiki e hoola ia ia. First Zhzhenova Neʻe mai hoomoana propaganda hui, a laila Magadansky muzdramteatr, poe i oiaʻano nui o kekahi "pio." Au, ke haha aku i hoʻi i waena o ka 'ohana-manao kanaka Georgiy Zhzhenov? Kawaihae, ohana, na keiki - a pau o kēia mau maʻamau kanaka manaÿo mea hou e kokoke ana iā ia. He mare ka mea ia e like me ia i, hana, mea hana keaka Lydia Vorontsova, ka mea, i ke kaikamahine Elena. Ke mare ke ole e lōʻihi, e like me nā o ia e koke i hou aʻe.

I ka makahiki 1945ʻo ia i pau ai i ka wā o kona manaʻo mua, a me ke ahi pokole pakele mai Kolyma. Kauoha e Sergei Gerasimov haawi mai ia i ka Sverdlovsk ho film o Nuioka ma. Aiaʻo ia māka hōkūʻia i loko o "Alitet hele i na kuahiwi", a kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka Socialist hou 'o ke ola o ka lāhui' ōiwi kanaka o Chukotka.

lua o ka manawa

A laila, hiki ia ia ia mea i ka ia me ia a nui no hoi na luahi o Stalinist repression - i ka lua o ka hopu a me ka hou olelo. Kēia manawaʻo ia i ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka pio ma Norilsk. Mea pōmaikaʻi, ma lailaʻo ia ua hiki ke komo i ka hana i loko o ka hana keaka keaka, like i loko o Magedala. Ma ke ala, me kona mau hoa ma ke kahua ua hala a Smoktunovski, ka poe i koe no ka Norilsk e noho mai i ka popilikia manawa ma laila ma ka huli ana o ka forties a me kanalima, no ka mea, makau iho ia e hoopaiia no kā lākou pōkole noho i loko o ka German pio o ke kaua i ka 1943.

Mea i hou i ka Mea Keaka ka maalea i loaʻa i loko o Norilsk George Zhzhenov? Kawaihae, hou lilo iho la kana wahine, a mau keiki ma kahi kokoke i ona lā i loko o kanaka hua'ōlelo. Kana kolu o ka wahine a ua mea hana keaka Irina Makhaeva Norilsk. Ma hope o ka hele ana mai Norilsk i kekahi kaikamahine Marina.

loaa ia ke ku okoa ana

I ka 1955, maopopo rehabilitated Zhzhenov hoi i Leningrad. I mua ia i hana i loko o ka 'āina' hana keaka keaka, akā, i ka makahiki hope kikiʻo ma Lenfilm ho film Mea Keaka. Mai laila, kokoke i kela makahiki, he mau kiʻiʻoniʻoni me kona komo. He Blend i loko o ke ola hou o ka mea surprisingly oluolu, e like me ka mea mau mea e hoʻokele i ka mai o ka poe i hele ma ka weliweli o ka Gulag. Oiaio no, o keia ka pilina i ka maikai physical palapala, a Zhzhenov e hoʻokele i ka malama ma hope o nā mea a pau i haule iho ai i kona kaʻana like 'ana o nā kope. Moviegoers no hoi o Laielohelohe i na kiʻi hana ma iaʻuʻumi iho i, piha ka maoli koa ano o ka hana lawelawe Zhzhenova.

I ka makahiki 1960, ua komo i ka hale kiaka. Leningrad City Council. Aʻu i loaʻa i loko o kēia hui George Zhzhenov? Kawaihae, hou i kona kino ola he zigzag. George Stepanovich halawai nei i kona ha o ka wahine Lidiyu Malyukovu, ua ola ia a hiki i kona make ana me ka mea a. Ka mea, i ke kaikamahine, Julia.

No laila, i ka nui o ua koe no na pua a pau o George Zhzhenov? Kawaihae, keiki, ohana, - a pau këia mau manaÿo i mau i pili iā ia,ʻo ia imi i ka ohana ola. Loa Zhzhenova mai ekolu mare i ekolu kaikamahine, a me kekahi mau moopuna a me ka moopuna.

Ma ka hopena o 60 mau - i kakahiaka nui 70-ies i Zhzhenov hele mai i nationwide kūlana kiʻekiʻe ma hope o ka lawelawe i ke kūlana Zarokova-Tulyev ma kinodilogii "ahailono" a me "Lokomaikaʻi o ka noho ana." He hoʻoneʻe i Moscow, hele i ka hale kiaka. Moscow City Council, kahi āna i hana no ka oi ma mua o ekolu a me ka hapalua makahiki, a me kona make ana ma luna o 91 la makahiki o ke ola.

I kona emi makahiki Zhzhenov i kekahi maoli Heihei Hoewaʻa o ka Lūkini hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me ka hana keaka. He ua loaa ia lakou na moku'āina Ka hoʻolilo 'ia. He ua malaila, e pana i ka Documentary, i ka aina i lohe nui kaulana kona 90th lā hoʻomanaʻo.