He aha mea he "raster": ho'ākāka 'ana, Mea Maluna, unuhi i loko o ka maʻi lele

I kekahi mea akamai i ike i ke kumu. He nui, e hoʻomākaukau i nā kiʻi no lākou ka hoʻololi ', hanaia'na layouts. No ka mea awelike hoʻohana aʻeo ka hoʻolele 'likeʻole ma waena o format Ka mea i ai nui. Naʻe, i kēia mea no ka hoʻokumu paʻaʻana i ka hana me ka unuhi i kela mea e ike ai, ka mea makemake i ka e hiki ke kō kiʻi.

Definition raster, kona pono a me keakea

He aha mea he bitmap? Kēia kiʻi Ua haku o ka mua o nā kiko kiʻi, pena i kekahi waihoʻoluʻu. Ka mea, e oluolu e nana ole, ka nui huahelu. File me nā kiʻi raster mālama i ke karaima i loaʻa i ka helu o nā heluʻai a me kā lākou mau waihoʻoluʻu. Photos, scanned kiʻi, ki io ma Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke, a ma luna o ka kamepiula pale - raster. Ka maka aha o nā kiko kiʻi (kiko huina) hiki ke hoʻouna i kekahi kiʻi o kekahi ka manaʻo pohihihi, malu, gradients, blur, halftone, 3D-ole, a hiki ka pāpaho. Photorealism - i ka papa kuhikuhiE pomaikai o kēia 'ano o nā kiʻi.

Ke keakea o raster nā ka penei:

1. Hikiʻole i ka pālākiō. A ho'ākea kiʻi ( 'o ia hoʻi aku i ka maka aha o nā kiko kiʻi) a me ka hōʻemiʻana ia (styanuv no laila, i kekahi o na kumu e e nalowale), hiki me ka nui loa degrade kiʻi e like ai.
2. Ke bitmap Ua kaupalena 'ia ka rectangle. Ia mea, ma luna o noi o kokoke i kekahi i kekahi i ka lalo "ʻili" ma lalo o ka keʻokeʻo kāʻei kua luna.
3. Ka oi eiiieaena i ke kiʻi, ka oi ka mea kaupaona o ka waihona.

hiʻona raster

Raster kiʻi oko i ka nui, ka hoʻonā 'ana, ke kala modules a me ka helu o nā waihoʻoluʻu. Maikai no hoi loa 'ano o ka maka aha. Ikeia 'ano o ka raster'ōpū mai type: regular a me ka stochastic.

1. Size (ma ke kaupaonaʻana) - i ka huina helu o nā kiko kiʻi i loko o ke kiʻi he pōpilikia ma CB (MB, GB). Ka nui a oi luna 'kiʻi, ka oi ka mea, kaupaona.
2. Resolution - i ka helu o nā kiko kiʻi no'īniha (ppi) i loko o ka online, kiʻi, kiʻi, a kiko huina no'īniha (dpi) i paiia ki io. I ka nui o ka waiwai, me ka maikaʻi i ke kiʻi, clearer. Maʻamau ka hoʻonā 'Internet kiʻi - 72 ppi, puka layouts - 300 ppi.
3. Ke kala Module Ho'ākāka 'ke kumu o malu. Kēia paha e ole RGB, i ka wa a ka mea ulaula, omaomao a me ka uliuli a pau loa imua i loko o ka ia nui i loko o kēlā me kēia kiʻi kiko, a hoʻohuihui, e hana i ka makemake waihoʻoluʻu. E hoʻomākaukau layouts pinepine hoʻohana CMYK - Module oia hoi o ka cyan, magenta, he lenalena a me ka eleele. Keʻena - He "huali", ka mea ula-omaomao a me ka uliuli-yellow; Grayscale - malu o poʻo.
4. Ehia na'āpana i encoded i loko o kēlā me kēia kiʻi kiko hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ke ano o ke kiʻi. Ma monochrome kiʻi kēlā me kēia wahi kaupaona 1 pihoihoi. Inā ke kiʻi kiko 4 iki kumu ninoieo o 16 kikokiko. 8 bpp haawi 256'ōniʻoniʻo, 16'āpana - 65K waihoʻoluʻu 24'āpana -. 16 miliona kala ..
5. ʻO kēia mau 'ano o nā rasters, ke kaumaha ma muli kiʻi kiko kaua: he mau hei' ole (me ka shading kiko kona kiʻi a me ka maka aha) stokahtichesky kūlike loa hui i ole, e hoʻonohonoho randomly a laila na nā kiko kiʻi.

bitmap like maʻi lele

Ma waho aʻeo ia raster waihona mea he maʻi lele - he ala e hana i kekahi kumu i loko o a na nā kiko kiʻi o - poe noonoo ole geometric kinona: rectangles,'ololaha, koʻikoʻi a hanohano, pololei laina a me curves. maʻi lele kiʻi AEI he makemakika haʻilula - na kii kiko'î (anawaena, lōʻihi, laula, hoʻopiha 'ia nā pōpō, contour), i ko lakou wahi ma ka canvas (X a me Y-i kahi kūlike o) a me ka oihana e pili ana i kekahi i kekahi. Maʻi lele unuhi aku la ia i ka hoʻokokoke a me ka hoʻololi - e hoʻololi i ka 'ano o ka makemake mea. Ka wā e hoomahuahua a emi kona kiʻi e like ai ua ole hoʻololi. Ke kiʻi maʻi lele 'aʻole e kaupalena' ia kekahi mau huinahń kāʻei kua - ka mea, hiki ke hookomo i loko o kekahi i kekahi. Ma keia hihia, ka mua waihona kaupaona nunui emi ma mua o ka raster.

Me ka ai he nui pono i keia pale ke kū'ē i ka maʻi lele? Images i loko o kēia waihona hiki apuepue ke kapaiaʻoia iʻo - ka mea, i ka uuku Cartoon-e like 'ia ma muli o ia i ka mea e hana paa nā waihoʻoluʻu a me gradients. Hoikehonua, kiʻi me ka luna hoʻoponopono - Corel ka huki, like Adobe kaha kiʻi - hiki ke hana me ka luna 'ole e like malumalu, kala like' ole blending, blurring, akā, i ka raster kiʻi aaioee uea 'ia mea nō loa. I ka maʻi lele Ua makaukau layouts no ka pai ana.

Raster format Ka

Raster kiʻi hiki ke hoolaia ma kekahi mau kūmole, a me ka huli ana i wahi mea puni hoʻi - e pono e wehe i ka waihona i kekahi kiʻi luna hoʻoponopono, koho i ka 'ike no mau ukana "Mālama i like" a me ka palena manawa kūpono.

GIF - ka simplest format. Ua kākoʻo mäliko a me ka pāpaho waiwai, kaupaona uuku, akā, i ke ano o ia mea haʻahaʻa - 256 waihoʻoluʻu. Ke GIF mea kūpono i ka hale kūʻai pakuhi, nńnń.

PNG hoʻohana lossless mīkini'opihia a Kākoʻo mäliko, nui oi waihoʻoluʻu ma mua o GIF.

TIFF ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka hoololiia ana mai raster i ka maʻi lele, e like me kēia waihona' aʻole i merge i ka papa ma ka unuhi.

JPEG - ka loa hanohano waihona hoʻohana no ka nō kiʻi, scanned kiʻi, pūnaewele kiʻi.

Pehea e hoohuli mai raster i ka maʻi lele waihona

Pono e hoohuli i ka bitmap kiʻi i loko o ka maʻi leleʻia i loko o keʻia akamai i hana, a ina e makemake e hoonee aku i ke kiʻi, hoʻololi ka mea, me ka losing mea e like ai. Ka unuhi 'ana i loko o maʻi lele -ʻaʻole he AICIeOEOI hana, e like me na Hawaii photo' ole hiki ole ke hoʻokani. Me ka 'akomi Hahai I ke kiʻi e like ai ua nui hoemi: ka waihoʻoluʻu i e ka nānaina, poho lāliʻi o ke kiʻi. He 'akomi hana mea mai ka pūʻulu o nā kiko kiʻi o like'ōniʻoniʻo, Aia ma luna o ka contour o ka bitmap. Inā i ke kiʻi i luna ', hana mea hiki e loa nui, a hoʻoponopono i hiki iā lākou. Autorouting mea i loaʻa i loko o me ka luna hoʻoponopono Corel unuhi ae la oia a kaha kiʻi.

maikai kiʻi e like ai hiki ke loaa ma ka manuale Hahai I wale. Ma keia unuhi akamai hoopuni ai ka contour, a me ka malu a me ka buke hanaia ma ka superposing apana o keia apana nui a me ke kala ana i kekahi i kekahi. Ke easiest alanui, e hana i kēia ma luna o ka Kimia papa, stylus Hahai I ka laina. Hana lima ua loaʻa kiʻi maʻi lele e pipiʻi a me ka mahalo i komo ai.

... a me ka Hope versa

Rasterization - i ke kaʻina hana o Hahai I ke ku pono, ka wā i ka maʻi lele unuhi i ka e unuhi 'ia i loko o ka raster, no kekahi laʻana, e pakuʻi ai ia me ka oi holomua kiʻi kānana. Ma keia hihia, a pau ka waiwai maikai o ka maʻi lele nalo, i mea, ka mea e hiki ole ai i ka pālākiō o ka kūpono kiʻi me losing mea e like ai. Nolaila, he mea kupono e malama i na palapala waihona e hoonee aku i 'ole hoʻololi i ke kiʻi ina kupono.

Ma mua o nā kuleana i ka pale (hoohuli i Bitmaps) oe Pono e 'ae i ka i kēia mea kiko'î:

1. Kala like 'ole - o ka helu ana o'ōniʻoniʻo i loko o ke kiʻi.
2. Dithered - ina oe haʻalele keia'ikamu waihoʻoluʻu e e hanaʻia ma ka hoʻohuihui.
3. Redolution - resolution.
4. Anati-aliasing - laina paha fractures loiloi muaʻia e e Keʻei.
5. Trandparent Backgrounf - aiao i ke kāʻei kua aniani moakaka.
6. Size - nui.

No laila, no ka mea, o ka hana pono a me nā kiʻi e pono ai, e ike i ka raster a me ka maʻi lele. Raster kiʻi i hanaʻia o ka ai iiiaanoaa o nā kiko kiʻi - mea uuku Kimia hehee wale. Raster lei, reproduces nui Hawaii photo waiwai, i ka pāpaho. Eia naʻe, i kēia mau kiʻi noho pilikia i ka pālākiō o a me ka loli. Maʻi lele, ma ka mea ku ole, ia mea maʻalahi ke kuahu ma ka hoololi ana i kekahi unuhi mea; oiai Ua ho'ēmi 'o ka mea e like ai koe ka ia. Naʻe, i ka malu, blur, eiiieaena gradients a me blending waihoʻoluʻu e lawe pilikia. Raster unuhi hiki e pili ana i hōʻike 'ia nei ma ka maʻi lele waihona, a me ka hope versa.