Hōʻuluʻulu - He aha ka keia? Hōʻuluʻulu pena: lunamakaainana a me na hana

He kanaka ano e Hoʻokaʻina 'ia ma nā mea a pau, nā mea a pau ma luna o ka wahi, e' imi a me ka haawi aku i ka inoa. He oi loa paʻakikī i ka hana ma na mea akamai, ma ka tālena - mea he waeʻano i Aʻole 'ae i ke kanaka, e kaomi ai i ka pau hou au i loko o ka nohona ma aeea-kauoha papa kuhikuhi. Hōʻuluʻulu - keia mea e like me ka mea. About ia hoʻopaʻapaʻa wale no ka oi ma mua o ke kenekulia.

Abstractio - ikiʻana, kaawale ana

Expressive ano o ka pena - he laina, kinona, waihoʻoluʻu. Inā e hoʻokaʻawale ai ia, mai o ka ole cia, kūmole a me ka ahahui, e lilo ia i mea hemolele, loa. Plato olelo o ka oiaio, i ka nani akau o ka laina pololei a me ka geometric kinona. I ka wa e kaawale aku o like i kākauʻia me ka makemake mea wehe i ke ala no ka hopena ma luna o ka Mea Nānā hou aku i mea ike ole ia, inaccessible i ka maʻamau ike paka i. Ka noʻeau waiwai o ke kiʻi ia e ia ma luna o ka nui o ka mea ia ho, me he loea pena hana i ka honua hou no ka makaukau.

Nolaila, hoopaapaa aku la Artists reformers. No ka ia, ka mea Hōʻuluʻulu - o ke ala a hiki i ka huli 'ana no ka hou noʻeau hana i i mua ano kūkaʻi' mana.

New Makahiki - ka hou nō

Kiʻiʻoniʻoni hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana i keia Hōʻuluʻulu. Art moʻolelo wela hoomalu i ko lakou manao ma ka hoopiha ana i ka hakahaka pūkoʻa ia i loko o ka mōʻaukala o Hōʻuluʻulu pena. Akā, oi ae like me ka manawa o kona hanau ma 1910 ma Munich, Wassily Kandinsky (1866-1944) ia i hōʻike i kona hana "Untitled. (First watercolor Hōʻuluʻulu). "

Soon Kandinsky i loko o kona puke "Ma o ka uhane ma ka Art" hai aku i ke akeakamai o ka hou au.

Na ka papa kuhikuhiE mea - he manaʻo

Au e i manaʻo i Hōʻuluʻulu pena i hele mai mai o wahi. Na Impressionists hōʻike i ka hou waiwai o ke ano a me ka hoomalamalama i ka pena. Ma kēia kūlana ua lilo emi laina kuanaʻike, ka miomio o huliāmahi, etc. Ma lalo o ka aoao o keia kaila, ua pau na alakai haku o ka manawa.

Landskap James Whistler (1834-1903), i kona "Nocturnes" a me ka "symphony", surprisingly reminiscent o na masterpieces o Hōʻuluʻulu expressionist pena. Ma ke ala, Whistler a me Kandinsky i synaesthesia - ka hiki, e hai aku i ke kala i ka leo o kekahi mau waiwai. A me HW i kā lākou mau hana hoʻokani e like mele.

Ma na hana o Paul Cézanne (1839-1906), ka oi aku ma ka ma hope au o kana hana, Hoʻololi 'ano o ka mea, e loaa i ka kūikawāʻano o ka hōʻike. He mea känalua 'Cezanne i kapaia ka mua o Cubism.

nohona holomua

Hōʻuluʻulu nō i kinona i loko o ka hoʻokahi ma loko o ka nui holomua o ka noho maikai ana. I waena o ka pilina malia na theories hou ma ka kālaiʻike a me kaʻike manaʻo, Artists imi e pili ana o ka uhane ao nei, a me ka mea, i ke kanaka, a me nā cosmos. No laila, Kandinsky i loko o kā lākou e hoaponoia abstraction kumumanaʻo ua ma muli o ka manaʻo hoikeia ma ka theosophical buke Eleny Blavatskoy (1831-1891).

Apau o discoveries ma ke kālaikūlohea, kemika, kālaimeaola ua hoʻololi i ke ao nei, me ka mana o ke kanaka hopena ma ano. ua hoemiia E noa ka holomua o ka honua me ka unahiʻole, i ka pālākiō o ka ke ao holoʻokoʻa.

Me ka kokololio kūpono 'ana o ke For the, he nui Artists hoʻoholo, e haawi aku ia ia i kekahi kuleana pili i ka moʻolelo no. Ka mea, ua kūkākūkāʻia: ka mea, ua pena kope, a me ka hana i ka hou aku o ka lanakila.

Hōʻuluʻulu nō - ka mea, o ke kipi. A loea kanaka me ka 'ikepili koʻikoʻi ka noʻonoʻo' palapala koho i manao ai: hele mai la kekahi manawa o ka lawelawe loli. Ka mea, ua i kuhihewa. hoomaka ae la i ka iwakalua kenekulia, a hoomau iho la oia ma kekahi 'ano kūkaʻi upheaval i loko o ke ola o ka noho maikai ana holoʻokoʻa.

Man - Mamua

A me ka Kandinsky, i ka lā mua o ka hou kū i ke ku Kazimir Malevich (1879-1935) a me ka Dutchman Piet Mondrian (1872-1944).

ʻO wai ka mea, aole ia i ike i ka "Black Square" ma Malevich? Mai kona helehelena i ka 1915, oia excites a me ka 'Oihana, a me ka ano o kanaka. Kekahi ike ia me ka hopena make, ka mea 'ē aʻe - mea hoʻolele hauli. Akā, i ka 'oihana a pau o ka haku mai nei, e wehe hou lipolipo i loko o ke akamai o ka neʻe mua.

Ka pähola 'o Suprematism (Roma supremus -. Ke kiekie loa),? Ac? E Malevich, hoʻike ka primacy o ke ano mawaena o kekahi' ano o ka pena, ka pena kaʻina ua hoohalikeia ke kanawai o Creation, "maʻemaʻe nō" i loko o ka lani kiekie loa hoohalike. Deep a mawaho hoailona Suprematism hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ka hana, a me ka Contemporary Artists, nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone a me ka poʻe akamai.

Na ia ia i ua ma luna o ka mea e hiki mai ana o ka hanauna o ka makakū Mondrian. Neoplastitsizm ka mea, ua nānā 'ana ma luna o ka hoʻololi kemikala o ke kino a me ka hoʻohana' ana akahele o ka hamama, ole-ka nānaina waihoʻoluʻu. Direct Black horizontally a hoʻopapakū ma luna o ke kāʻei kua keʻokeʻo hana i ka maka aha me ka keena o okoa nui, a ua piha i ka mea kūloko waihoʻoluʻu na keena. Expressiveness canvases hoʻoikaika i nā Artists i kā lākou makakū noʻonoʻoloi, ma blindly ka hoʻopiliʻana. Hōʻuluʻulu 'o Puʻohala a me ka poʻe akamai nō ke hoʻohana' ia e pili ana i ka pono maoli no mea. Loa pinepine i loaʻa mondrianovskie motifs ma kuhikuhipuʻuone pāhana.

Russian avant-garde - ka poetry hua'ōlelo

Lūkini Artists ua pakahi aku la ia receptive i ka manaʻo o kona mau kanaka hoʻokahi - Kandinsky a me Malevich. No organically kēia mau manaʻo pono i loko o ke kai au mai o ka hanau ana a me ka ho okumu ana o ka hou nohona kauoha. I ka kumumanaʻo o Suprematism i hoopahaohao Liubov Popova (1889-1924) a me Alexander Rodchenko (1891-1956) i loko o ka hana o ka constructivism, a i i kekahi mau keiki ma luna o ka hou kuhikuhipuʻuone. Pono e kukuluia i loko o ia au i keia manawa, ua aʻoʻia e nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone a pau ma luna o ka honua.

Michael Larionov (1881-1964) a Natalia Goncharova (1881-1962) lilo Mamua Rayonism ole rayonizma. Ka mea, ho'āʻo e hōʻike i ka bizarre intertwining kukuna a me ka malamalama Kekoa kinoea ma nā mea a pau e hoolako mai i ke ao nei.

Ma ka oni ana cubofuturists hoʻoili a me ka poetry, komo Aleksandra ester (1882-1949) i kekahi manawa, David Burliuk (1882-1967), Olga Rozanova (1886-1918), Nadezhda Udaltsova (1886-1961).

Hōʻuluʻulu pena ua mau lōʻihi olelo o ka manaʻo. Kēia mau manaʻo Uaʻano o nā luna o ka totalitarian moku'āina. Ma ka USSR, a ma hope ma Nazi Germany ideologues koke paa i ke ano o ke akamai ia, e e ike, a e pono ai kanaka, a ma ke kakahiaka nui 40s o ka iwakalua kenekulia Hōʻuluʻulu nō ulu oaio neʻe i Amerika.

Nā kaha o ka pele

Hōʻuluʻulu - heʻano vague ho'ākāka 'ana. Wahi e waiho ai ke nō mea 'aʻole i loaʻa ka pōhaku puna analogy i loko o ke ao nei, kamaʻilio e pili ana i abstraction. Ma poetry, mele, Ballet, kuhikuhipuʻuone. Ma ka pilikia makapō kilokilo ano a me ke ano o keia au i maopopo like.

Oe ke koho i ka hahai ana i ke ano o ka Hōʻuluʻulu nō i loko o ka pena.

- Waihoʻoluʻu haku mele: i ka makahiki o ka lau ano - i ka papa kuhikuhiE mea, a me ka mea ua mea hoʻoheheʻe i loko o ka HW hihiu (Kandinsky, Frank Kupka (1881-1957), orfist Rober Delone (1885-1941), Mark Rothko (1903-1970), Barnett Newman (1905- makahiki 1970)).

- Geometric abstraction - oi akamai, mākau ano o ka avant-garde pena. Ua hoowahawaha mai ka laina makahiki a me ka illusion o ka hohonu, i ka pilina o ka geometrical kinona ia ka hoʻoholo '(Malevich, Mondrian, elementarist Ilona van Doesburg (1883-1931), Josef Albers (1888-1976), he follower Kaiaulu oe Victor Vazareli (1906-1997)).

- Expressive abstraction - ia mea oi loa nui ke kaʻina hana o ka pena,ʻo ia i kekahi manawa, noi hana, e like me, no kekahi laʻana, tashists (mai ka tache o - kohu.) (Dzhekson Pollok (1912-1956), tashists Zhorzh Mato (1921-2012), Willem de Ka Kooning (1904-1997), Robert Motherwell (1912-1956)).

- Minimalism - i ka hoi ana a hiki i ka kêia kanaka o ka noʻeau avant-garde. Images i loa devoid o mawaho nā loulou a me ahahui (Frank Stella (g.r.1936), Shon Skalli (g.r.1945), Ellsworth Kelly (g.r.1923)).

Hōʻuluʻulu - loa i loko o ka hala?

No laila, i mea Hōʻuluʻulu nō kēia manawa? Ano oe ke heluhelu online no ia Hōʻuluʻulu pena - mea o ka hala. Russian avant-garde, heʻeleʻele huinahalike - ka mea pono ia? Ano, i ka mämä holo a me ka pololei manawa ike.

Information: hoʻokahi o ka loa pipiʻi pena i loko o ka makahiki 2006, a kuai lilo aku no ka oi ma mua o $ 140 miliona .. Ua Ua kapaʻia «№5.1948», mea kākau - Dzhekson Pollok, he Hōʻuluʻulu expressive.