Hopena o ka Crusades, i ka maikaʻi a me ka io

Aia i likeʻole, i kekahi manawa diametrically kaua kū'ē ana i manao e pili ana i mea e noho ana i ka hopena o ka Crusades. Noke a me ka hopena maikaʻi 'hopena o kēia mau paipai aʻo kai eʻe i Ua i ke kumuhana o Ka Ikepili moʻolelo, poe akeakamai, kākau moʻolelo a me ka hoʻomana alakaʻi.

ʻepekema kūkākūkā

Europa thinkers Ua pio ka polokalamu 'Imi hoihoi i loko o ke au o na Crusades i loko o ka XVIII kenekulia. Lākou ka auhau o keia mōʻaukala wā mea he okoa. Kekahi kānakaʻepekema, e like me Choiseul Daykur ike i loko o ka wale maikaʻiʻaoʻao Crusades. Ka mea, uaʻike lākou i nā hualoaʻa e like me ka hou o ka uku kuala o ka poʻeʻEulopa i ka 'epekema, ka muli o ke kalepa ana ma waena o East a me West, ka interpenetration o ka hana' ike loea.

A he mau no hoi ka poe i negatively wale ia, a me ka Crusades lakou iho, a me kā lākou hopena. Kēia nānaina i paʻaʻia e ka poe akeakamai Rousseau a me Walter. Ka mea, manao iho la crusades hāwāwā, hookahe koko ana, a koi ana o ka hou o ka 'epekema a me ka moʻomeheu o nā kumu ua ukuia maʻEulopa. Members o keia hoʻomoana pū kaulana i ke kaua o ka poe Kristiano, e hoonaukiuki aku i kekahi poe paakiki, o ka Islamic ao nei, a ua i ke kumu o ka loihi o na kenekulia o ka haipule intolerance.

Kēia scientific hoopaapaa hoomau i loko o mākou manawa. Nonetheless, eia nae na koho i oko, e pili ana i mōʻaukala kūʻiʻo kona manaʻo ma.

Ke ala o ka hoʻokele, a kuai

I Palesetina a me Byzantium, me ka Crusaders ike nui 'ikamu i i ole i ike mua i ka poʻe e noho lā ma Western Eulopa. I waena o kēia mauʻai, e like me apricots, lemi, kōpaʻa, raiki; fabrics - silika, velvet, pulupulu; hana maʻamau 'ikamu - Jewelry, e hooponopono ana, mea aniani,ʻoihana. O ka poʻeʻEulopa mahalo i ka'Ākia waiwai i ole ana, e haawi ia lakou i hiki aku ma hope o ka mea i kiola, e hookaawale ia lana mai ka Middle East.

Aia mea i kanalua i ka hopena o ka Crusades no ke Kaiwaenahonua kuai i ka loa maikaʻi. First wehe ka manaʻolana 'ia i hoʻomaopopo ai Italian poe kuai. Genoa a me Venezia, waiwai iloko o Crusades, a oi loa aku hoi ma hope o ka haule ana o Byzantine kupu ma kekahi mau kenekulia.

Ka muli o ke kālā kulanui

Loa hana hoihoi 'hopena o ka Crusades no Europa aneiai kulanui. Ka pono e hoʻoneʻe i ke kālā maluhia ma lōʻihi mamao alakai aku ai i ka muli o IOUs i hiki ke lawe i ke alanui kahi o ke gula. Ke issuance a me encashment o na kaha makau i komo i loko o ka Papa o na Naita Temepela. Ka mea, ua i ka hana i ka hoʻolālā ma Europe, a ua lawe ma luna o ka mana o ka intermediary ma kālā hana.

Temepela a me ka ae o ka Ekalesia Hui i hana i ka hoopuka ana loan. Inā mua kuala alualu no ka mea, ua nani risky, akā,'ānō, ua loli ke kulana. Temepela i kia ma ka lima o ka nunui kumukuai, i ae ia, e hāʻawi'ai'ē aku i ka mō'ī oʻEulopa. A laila, i ka makemake o ke Palani ke aliʻi, e hoʻi i ka aie, kena ae la ke liquidation kauoha. Akā, ma hope o ka pio ana o ke Temepela invented kālā mea i aie mai Italian moni.

Hopena o ka Crusades i ka ekalesia

Waikikana hopena o ka paipai aʻo kai eʻe i hoʻonohonoho 'ia ma ia huli mai e ia he controversial. Ma ka loiloi mua ke kahua, ka Pope ua hiki ke hoʻokō i ka ka hoʻohuiʻana o ka Christian honua. I loaʻa o ka Ekalesia Hui i keia manawa ua hoi me ka nui loa mahuahua. Mau hana, a me ka pili aupuni kūlana o ka Pope.

Akā, i kēia mau loli mea, ma ka manao o na kakaolelo, a ua alakai aku ai i ka emi ana o ka Ekalesia Hui. Clergy 'elele puni ia lakou iho me ka luxuries a increasingly ālai ia' aʻe i loko o ke kaʻina hana kālai'āina. Kēia ke olonā wāwae o ka credibility o ka Ekalesia. Ma ka hopena, i ka naʻau i loko o ka palapala alakaʻi i ka Reformation.

Ke kumuhana o theological hoopaapaa ua lilo lakou ia lakou iho i ka Crusades. Nā kumu a me ka hopena o kēia mau paipai aʻo kai eʻe okoa ana kūpono ma ka haipule thinkers. Ka ninaninau 'ana e pili ana i ka permissibility o ke kuai, a me ka poe Genetile, i lawekahikiʻia mai lākou moʻomeheu a me ka' epekema ike i loko o ka ekalesia i hoʻolilo 'ia, kena ae la hahana loa hoopaapaa.

koa HOU

Na Crusades alakai aku ai i ka hana o ka hakakā nā kaʻa mokulele a me kekahi mau lako kaua. Aia i Ua holomua loa ai kākou i loko o ke kukulu ana i na pakaua, a me na pakaua. Ma ka Middle Hikina o ka poʻeʻEulopa mua lilo ike me ka crossbow. An nui hoʻokūkū i kekahi i ka kaʻike o ka nui o ka haawi poe koa i hele ma ka lōʻihi Hike. Oiai na koa hopena o ka Crusades poe he ole no ka poe Kristiano, ka mea koa nō ma Europe i mua nunui.

levantiytsy

'Aʻole hoʻi a pau o ka Crusaders i kā lākou'āina ma hope o kā lākou paʻaʻana. Part o nā meaʻeʻe moku mai Europa noho ma Lebanona, Palesetina a me Tureke ma hope o ka haule ana o ke Aupuni o Ierusalema. Ka hapa nui o lakou, he poe mamo lakou o na crusaders a me ka poe kalepa, mai Palani a me Italia. Ka mea, ua mālama i ka Hui ka manaoio, a i kapa levantiytsev. Ma ka Ottoman aupuni a pau, i loaa ia lakou kekahi pono, a uaʻano nui pū ma ka oihana, shipbuilding a me ka akamai.

ʻO kēiaʻoihana o ka Ekalesia Hui

I kēia lā i ka Waikikana mea nō makaala lakou e pili ana i ka hopena o ka Crusades. Noke a me ka hopena maikaʻi ', ao ke ano o laila, lawe wahi i nā hanana i hou i ke kumuhana o ka lehulehu haipule hoopaapaa. Akā, i ka Ekalesia 'Oi ka makemake e kamailio e pili ana i pono kuleana o kona hala hana no.

I ka 2004, ka wā o ka Heihei Hoewaʻa o Constantinople a me Baretolomaio I ua ma ka aoao ma ka Waikikana, Pope John Paul II mihi kēia no ka hopu ana i ka Byzantine kapikala o ka Crusaders. He hoohewa i ka hoʻohana ana o nā mea kaua e ku e hoa i manaoio, 'ana i kumumanaʻo ka lono kaumaha hopena no ka Ekalesia o ka Crusades. Pokole, akā, ua'ōleloʻia maʻalea iholaʻo ia ma luna o nā hua'ōlelo o ka Pope i ka Heihei Hoewaʻa o Constantinople. "Ka uhane o ka hoolaulea ka ikaika ma mua o ka inaina," - wahi a me Baretolomaio.