Kaola podstropilnye: ano, kea-mea kanu. Podstropilnaya mahiʻai

Ke kumu o ka manao ma ka mea e roofing hermit nei, a podstropilnye hehee wale. Ka hanau ana nenoaiu o kaupaku e uhi ai - i ka hermit nei kedera a me nā trusses. Kaola e podstropilnye kākoʻo no ka hale oihana mua. Ka mea, i hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka ka penaʻana nakeke i loko o hoʻokahi-moʻolelo nunui-kīkoʻo kona hanalima hale,? Eeuo hale ma ka mea attic palaoa.

Podstropilnyh ano o nā kaola a me nā trusses

I ka pono o ka holoʻokoʻa roofing'ōnaehana ka loa ana e kaukaʻi ma ka ikaika a me ka wahi ola o ka lawe a me ka podstropilnoy hermit nei 'ole. He He nuiʻano o mawaho wahie.

Kaola podstropilnye - o ka huina hoonui o kekahi hookahi hehee ai e hookipa mai i kekahi mawaho haawe ana, mahele ana i ka mea, ma kona lōʻihi. Ma keia hihia, no ka nui loa aʻo nui ana ma nā wēlau o ka mea ulana lole. Ua pili ia e gully hale roofing nenoai.

Podstropilnaya aina - ka huikau lua 'ole, i ua akoakoa mai kanaka kookoo rigidly i pili i kekahi i kekahi. Wahie, ana wale ma ka nodal pili 'o Randy mau laau la. e hoʻohana 'ia ia mau manao ma ka roofing nenoai me trusses.

Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka manufacturing mea podstropilnye 'ole hiki ke maheleia i:

• Ka ikaika pōhaku puna.
• Steel.
• Wood.
• Ka ikaika laau nenoaiu.

Pōhaku puna a me ke kila kaola a me nā trusses i ka hapanui olelo ia i loko o ka hana o ka hanalima hale, a? Ieoaeunoaa iauaeoia. Laau a me ka ikaika kilo oihana mua o ka lāʻau e hoʻohana nui no ka mea,ʻaʻole mea wale ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka puhi, akā, i loko o ka hana o ka hale ma ka noho hale.

Ma hanalima hale? Ieoaeunoaa iauaeoia podstropilnymi overlapping 12-wawae, 18-wāwae, 24-wāwae, a 30-mika nā kapuwaʻiʻehā ma waena o nā kia. I ka anu u eono-mika podstropilnye hermit nei mea nana i ulana hehee wale, a hookauwa aku no ko lakou aina waena kākoʻo hehee wale.

Ma ka palapala o ka pauku kea o ka laau ua maheleia i:

• Mau huinahń loa.
• Pāʻani kolepa.
• I-mea ulana lole.
• Pahu kedera.

Ma ka hana o kēia hale e kukulu, destined no ka hale'ōnaehana kākoʻo,ʻaʻole pinepine i hoʻohana. Ma kekahi mau mea, e hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka mea attic makahiki.

Ka ikaika pōhaku puna kaola podstropilnye

Pōhaku puna huahana mea hoʻohana no ka roofing noonoo maalea, a me ka hōʻemi iki hene, e like me hoomoana iho la puhi. Ka mea, i hua mai la i ka pōhaku puna nā hale hana ma koke pili prestressing kila kilo kedera. Ano i hoʻohana pono:

• Na mau laau la ka ikaika me ka papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika holoʻokoʻa.
• Uea laulau o ka lahui mau nō uea.
• I hilo uea kaula makalii.
• Kui pono.

Ke kinona o nā kaola i ike okoa ia podstropilnye me laua a me ka 'ole-laua cii. Lākou i ka ho omaulia ua i ma luna o ke kumu o ka haawe ana, a i ka hermit nei mea nana i ulana, ma muli o ka waena kiko podstropilnogo hehee ai, a me ka haawe o ke kaumaha o ka mea nana i ulana ia iho, haawi ma kona lōʻihi. Products i me strapping lua manao no ka piʻiʻana a me ka punohu, kekahi manawa e hoʻohana kahi ka piʻiʻana nā māhele.

E hoʻopaʻa i loko o nā kaua mawaena konu o ka hale a no ke kākoʻo i ka hale kaola a me trusses, ina o ka laula o ke anu u 6 mika, a me ka laula o ka mea hoʻonoho meakino kolamu - 12 mau mika. A hāpai podstropilnyh kaola hua mai la ma na kolamu, ka mea i paa ma ka kuʻihao i loko iho māhele. Ma ka waena o nā kaola podstropilnyh a me kā lākou mau welau i i hana pili i ka wahi o ka moraki makaukau na kaula paa a me ka heleuma hoʻopaʻa i no ka mea hoʻonoho o kaupaku hale.

Ua au-hoʻokino a T-kea pauku me ka lalo wāwae, a me ka trapezoid shape. I ka lalo holopapa ua hoʻokāʻoi i wahi kahi i ua ea mea hoʻonoho o ke kaupaku kedera.

Podstropilnye ma ka lōʻihi o ka mea nana i ulana i loko o ka papa, he 12-wawae, i kekahi manawa, hoʻohana 18-mika a 24-mika huahana. Central kiʻekiʻe o 1.5 mika, i loko o ke kula pahu - 0,6 mika. Ka laula o ka lalo mea kākoʻo - 0,7 mika. It e i ka kekahi kaulua-Kolepa Ana o ka mea ulana lole. GOST 19425-74.

Podstropilnaya ka ikaika pōhaku puna hermit nei

Pōhaku puna podstropilnye hermit nei hoʻohana i hoomoana puhi noonoo. Ua ke kinona o ka trapezoid, ma i elua mau hipuu: ka lalo - a me ka hoaka o papamoe type - ihona hene? Ieoaeunoaa. I ka manawa, o ka loa ka manaʻo nō bezraskosye aina precast pōhaku puna.

E loaa ai i ka hale trusses kākoʻo wale i kaʻai podstropilnyh oihana mua i hoʻokāʻoi. E hoʻouka i ka uhi papa i hoakaka ia ma ka hoowalaniaia iho au kūkulu pū. I hoowalania iho ai, a malalo kāʻei podstropilnoy aina e i me ka mālama '-stress. Hoʻohana 'ia no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka pōhaku puna o 300-500 lama.

Like i loko o kaʻano o ka girder i hoakaka metala oihana mua i loko iho ma ka podstropilnyh aina no ka hoʻopunipuni ana i na kolamu a me k? Ko?.

Steel kaola podstropilnye

Steel nenoai i ka lōʻihi o 12 mika, 18 mika, 24 mika, 48 mika hiki ke i loa. Structurally, ka mea, e like me ka poe i hoʻohana oa. Ua he a mau cii: luna, a malalo. Luna maluna o ka ka piʻiʻana papaʻaina ma luna kia, a paa ia ia e hoopaa i. I ka lalo mea ulana lole kāʻei ua pili i ke kia ma ka mea o papamoe kaola.

Podstropilnaya kila hermit nei

I ia laua me ka luna, a malalo hipuu. Loa ana hōʻike a mea 12 mika, 18 mika, 24 mau mika. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka 'ano o ka hale hermit nei, kiekie podstropilnoy mea i manao ai hiki e 3.13 mika, 3,27 mika a me 3,75 mika.

Ka hoʻopili ana i na kolamu ua lawe mai ka hoʻohana nadopornyh kia, ma luna i ka hale trusses.

Currently industrially pili Lightweight no? Ieoaeunoaa kila kila hermit nei manufacturing likeʻole. No ka laʻana, he omo'ōnaehana a girder me ka lahilahi pā pōhaku. Me keia manao, i ka aina hua mai la i ka māmā, hoemiia hokii o ke kila i loko o kā lākou hana, ua hoemiia ka manawa o ko lākou mau mea hoʻonoho.

Laau podstropilnye'ōnaehana

Alii Aimoku of i ka lāʻau hoʻololi i, e kākoʻo iā lākou hermit nei'ōnaehana, i ka nui lawa ka ikaika a me ka ia'ku i na mea he nui corrosive ololi. Ka mea, ua mau nō ka wā hoʻohana i ka mea kanu me ka mea maʻamau 'ole me ka mahalo i ke ana wela a me ka humidity. Ma ka hana hana, e hoʻohana 'ia ka mea, i loko o na hale, kahi a malaila i noho lakou malaila no ka papa o ka metala a me ka pōhaku puna.

E like me ka mea constructive manao podstropilnye hoomaopopo nā kumumea i loko o ka palapala o:

• Kaola.
• Farms.
• Mau hoaka.
• Rama.

Inā ke kīkoʻo lōʻihi o ka hale a hiki i 18 mika, ka mea, ua hoʻohana 'ia podstropilnaya laau kedera. I hale ma nā kapuwaʻiʻehā i nui lawa - i ka 30 mika, ia mea maikaʻi, e hoʻohana lāʻau podstropilnyh aina. Mau hoaka a me ka laau mōlina like podstropilnyh oihana mua i ole pinepine ia.

Laau ulana lole podstropilnaya

Ma ka hana ka hana i ka loa mau hoʻohana kaola, tuko i kahi hookahi, mai papa. Oia mau manao i nui ka ikaika a me ka oi mau nō ma mua o paa huahana, manufacturing o nā 'ano apau loa podstropilnyh kedera. Articles o mall ua laminekaʻia ka laau hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia ma ka mea o ka roofing nenoai. A pau a ka laau hiki ke ku imua o hou loa stress, akā, ka mea i emi iki mahope o nui i ua laminekaʻia veneer lumber i anuenue.

Wahi splicing podstropilnoy laau kaola hiki ke ike i loko o ka Hawaii photo lalo nei.

Ke kea-pauku o ke kaola no ka hoi mau huinahń loa paha au-ulana lole. Ka luna, a malalo hipuu podstropilnoy kaola paha e laua a nū'ōlelo-luna kāʻei, a me ka malalo papamoe, a pepe kāʻei. Inā kīkoʻo kona lōʻihi o 15 mika i pinepine hoʻohana I-kaola, a me nā paia o nā papa a plywood a hana huinahā hooolea ana i iwi aoao.

Laau podstropilnaya mahiʻai

I ka papa kuhikuhiE mea no ka hana o ka laau trusses i podstropilnyh ki, papa a me nā moʻolelo. Haka pono hehee mea hiki ma ka mea o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia Lako, papa. Aia ua laha tuko i laau podstropilnye mahiʻai. Mau hipuu i o ana ka laula. Me keia manufacturing iaoia, ma nā wēlau o ka wili ai pili aku hehee wale lawe kuʻi spike in a like hoʻokino Groove. Glue ua pili i ka holoʻokoʻa ili o ka hui, kaomi hou no? Ieoaeunoaa lāliʻi.

Ka ikaika laau ulana lole oihana mua a me ka podstropilnye mahiʻai

Podstropilnye ka ikaika laau nā kumumea me ka manao ana i kā lākou amplification. Penei ka hoʻohana 'kilo kila paha o Minvielle i. E paʻa ka ikaika māhele i loko o ka ulu lāʻau ma ka pīlali lina. I kekahi manawa, hoʻohana prestressing kilo.

mea hoʻonoho

A hāpai podstropilnyh kaola a me nā trusses ua hana like penei. Podstropilnye ka ikaika pōhaku puna mea nana i ulana hehee wale, a me ka aina me ke kōkua o ka i loko iho metala wahi i welded pololei a hiki i ka hopena paia o kolamu. Hiki i ka maunaʻo ia ma luna o ka hoʻopaʻa. Ka ikaika pōhaku puna a metala hooluolu mai ia papa ma podstropilnyh huahana hana like e hali ana i surfaces no ka lawe ana i kaupaku hale.

Steel trusses e pili ana i kaʻaoʻao o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia kolamu nadkolonniku lalo chord. Kona kiʻekiʻe, he 0,7 m. Kēlā me kēia 'ē aʻe aina mauka mau hipuu hoʻopaʻaʻia. Trusses hoomaha ma luna papa podstropilnyh aina, a pili i na kolamu o ka patella.

Laau ulana lole podstropilnye mea puhi e like penei (e nānā, Ka Hawaii photo).

A hāpai nā kaola e nū'ōlelo kaupaku

Wā, he mau haawe-e hali ana i Kalaiaina paia, hermit nei'ōnaehana ua lele aku ma luna o podstropilnye nā kumumea i loko o ka hale. Ma keia hihia, ka mea ku paa ma ka sill, ma hoowalania iho ai i o nā papa, e like me Kalaiaina i pā pōhaku. Nō kāu, i kēia mau meaʻelua podstropilnye laau hale a hoonoho iho la ma ka hale. Pili iaʻano ma ke kiekie o ka slab a hiki i ka hale kualapa ma 1.4 mau mika i 2,5 mika. Ma keia hihia, ma lalo o ka hale, he lawa noa pokole, i hiki ke hoʻohana i ka attic.

Podstropilnaya mea nana i ulana, a me ka puakai, hiki ke kaa pololei ma na kaupoku ma ka aina o kekahi hapakolu o ke kiekie, mai ka palena a hiki i ka lapa. Kēia AOAIAaOO apono 'oe, e hoomahuahua i ka buke o ke kipi kahua ma lalo o ka hale. Kāua mau oʻa,, podstropilnaya'ōnaehana a me ka hale paaniʻaneʻi i ke kūlana o ka mea mawaho pā a me nā kapa.

Kāua mau oʻa, a me ka podstropilnye kaola hiki ke ike i loko o ka Hawaii photo i loko o ka pauku.

Mua o nā mea a pau, ma luna o nā kaola lōʻihi podstropilnye mauerlat noae ma luna o nā paia o ka hale. Ma keʻano o ka hale laau ua hoʻohana 'ia kahi mauerlat keena kalaunu kupapau. Kaola e e pololei ia laua i kekahi i kekahi, e hiki ke kaha i kēia ma ka ana o ka mamao ma waena o ka welau diagonally. Kaola moe me ka protrusion o ma ka liʻiliʻi loa 0,5 mika ma ka home anapuni palena. Inā ka lōʻihi o ka papa, ua emi ma mua o ua koi 'ia no ka mea nana i ulana, ka splice ua i podstropilnyh kedera.

A laila, i ka hoʻopilikia na kaula noae ma waena o nā kaola ma nā wēlau, a align ia ma ka 'ilikai. I ka mamao o kekahi mika mai ka i ma ke kēia podstropilnaya mea ulana lole. No hoi ke moe ma kaʻaoʻao e ku pono ana o ka papa. Mai poina e hooki aku ia lakou mai horizontally. Pela noae i koe ulana lole podstropilnye ka holoʻokoʻa loa o ka pa.

E align i ka papa protrusions ma kela aoao o ka pā pōhaku, heihei 'auʻau 0.5 mika ma luna o kēlā me kēia palena o ka mea nana i ulana, ke kaula, ke'ō. Ma ke kikowaena mea nana i ulana i ka hoailona ma ke kaula, i ike aku i ka oi welau. Hou aku e podstropilnuyu'ōnaehana hoʻouka kekahi hanau ana oa.

Poe hoaai, e podstropilnym hale

No ka hana ana o ferro-pōhaku puna manao pili podstropilnyh GOST 20372-2015, komo i loko o ka ikaika ma luna o 1 January 2017. E like me ia i kēia palapala, ka mea ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o kaumaha a Lightweight mall pōhaku puna. Steel podstropilnye mahiʻai i ma ka like ana me GOST 27579-88. Ua Ua ho'ākāka 'ia, a ua laminekaʻia papalua-Kolepa Ana o ka mea ulana lole. GOST 19425-74.