Nalo meli: nalo meli ole hōʻike, 'ano a me ka beekeeping nā huahana

Laha 'o ka nalo hopeʻeha (Apoidea) ka mea, he nui ka nui. Wale nō i loko o ka Europa hapa o ka mea kahiko Soviet Union he mea oi ma mua o ka tausani. Akā, o ka papa, o ka hoihoi i kānaka mea wale nō hoʻokahi? Ueo - nalo meli ia (Apis mellifera).

Ka mea, i kohoʻia i ka loa hoʻomāhuahua ai? Aneii nā mea kolo a me kā lākou poʻe lōʻihi aku nei. Ka hopena ua i ka muli o ka helu nui o kekahi mau breeds o honeybees. Kēlā me kēia no ia mea mea kupono e kanu ma kekahi wahi me ka kūpono climatic ana.

A wahi o ka moolelo: ka loa mua ole o ka meli, a me ko lakou ano

Ka aina hanau o ka Hymenoptera noʻonoʻo i ka Middle Hikina,ʻEulopa a me Africa. Ke resettlement o na nalo meli i loko o nā wahi o ke ao nei kanaka kekahi me ia kokoke i ole i. Ua nānā 'kuhikuhi ma ka kila kumumea like me ka huliau,? Aaoa a me flora. E like me ka hopena o evolutionary koho - ma manawa, a he - aia no kekahi primitive breeds o ka nalo meli. Hoikehonua, beekeepers kapa ia o kēia lāhui kanaka. Kēlā me ka pūʻulu, a mālama ihola iā like me ka wahi ho omaka no e pili ana i ka i kā mākou hoʻomāhuahua ai domesticated? Ueo. "IeIIeYOA" i ia mau wahi - i ka mea e kuhikuhi wehewehe aku ma nā mea kolo e like me kā ka nalo meli. Kamakawiwo Ole, hōʻike manaʻo o i loa maikai, IeAUPIIe, IAa IO regionalized. Ma ka hapanui o na hihia, a me ka inoa o ka laha 'ia lŘlŘ mai ke kahi ma i ka mea i loko. Ua kaʻi aku, i kekahi hola ohana hoʻoneʻe 'ia paha e lilo ma ka productivity.

He aha breeds i piha iho i loko o Rusia

I ko kakou aupuni, beekeeping ua i komo i loko o ka lōʻihi manawa. A nolaila, i ka laha ' "hana wāhine" mahiai apiary, he nui na. Eia nō ka loa hanohano ole o ka nalo meli ma Rusia.

• Haole mauna;

• Kranjska;

• Buckfast;

• Carpathian;

• Ukrainian;

• hehi;

• Central Russian.

Me ka Poeikohoia o ko nā mea a pau kēia mau? Ueo - i ka loa a me ka hoʻomāhuahua ai prolific nalo meli. Kamakawiwo Ole nalo meli e ĸokoĸa ana nä pane ma luna o kekahi mau kai. No ka mea ka mea, mea, a me ka nānā i e hiki mai ana.

Ma ka pā hoʻokahi ole hiki ke ike okoa mai 'ē aʻe

Maoli nalo meli nā mea kolo kapa Hymenoptera 'ohana me ka pahi huelo awa a me ka gula opu uhiia me kaʻeleʻele kaula. Ma keia hihia, kekahi ole mai kekahi hiki ke kapa hoʻohanohano ma ka kēia mau hiʻona:

• ka lōʻihi o nā proboscis;

• ke kaupaona a me ka nui;

• hiʻona waihoʻoluʻu;

• lokoino i;

• roylivosti;

• maʻi e kū'ē'ē mai.

Central Russian nalo hopeʻeha: mau hōʻikeʻano

Kēia ole ua piha iho i loko o Rusia ma na wahi a. He mea mahaloia a me ma Siberia. He lawe mai iā ia iʻaneʻi i ka 1792, mai Bashkiria Colonel NF Arshenevsky. Ma hope iho o ia, i nā hoomaka mau nalo meli, e noho ma Siberia. Over ke kenekulia i hala iho nei, i keʻano o Bashkir? Ueo i ole loli. Srednerusskaya ole o ka nalo meli mai nā kēia mau 'ano:

• proboscis 5.9-6.4 mm o;

• nui nui (i kekahi lā nalo hopeʻeha kaupaona ma kahi o 110 g);

• uliuli - maiʻeleʻele i ka hohonu poohina, me yellowing;

• hookeai pane i mawaho stimuli a me ka lokoino i;

• propensity e hanau nui ai lakou;

• maʻi ia'ku a me ke ahonui.

Pono o ka Central Lūkini nalo meli

I ka lā, i kēia ole ua manaoia e ia i loko o mākou aupuni o ka loa hoʻomāhuahua ai. No ka holo Central Russian nalo hopeʻeha ke lawe mai i ka nui nui o ka meli. I keia ole, no ka laʻana, nona ka moolelo ohi me ka fireweed - 328 kg no ka makahiki o ka 'ohana.

Ke hiki e hoolilo painlessly bezobletny 7-8 mahina hibernation au - kekahi lanakila i distinguishes mau nalo meli. KamakawiwoʻOle nalo meli, e like me ua oleloia, ma luna o lākou iho neʻe he uuku ke kuka. No ka Central Rusia mea i ka hihia. 'O kēia kekahi o ka pohihihi? Ueo i hiki hohola iho la maluna nui wahi me kanaka' uao.

Eia naʻe, i keia la i ka Central Lūkini nalo hopeʻeha beekeepers e uku nui loa noonoo. A me ia mea ma ka makehewa. Kēia mea nae i ka pono ole o ka nalo meli ma luna o ka mokuna o Rusia. Kona kiʻekiʻe ka hoʻokōʻana, e hoʻonele i ka maʻi, ke ahonui - no a pau hiki e ke apiary mea nui aku kāki-mana ma mua i loko o ka hema? Aneiiʻano likeʻole.

Ukrainian hehi: hōʻikeʻano

Pehea kēia nui i hana ai i kēia ole ua nō,ʻaʻole iʻikeʻia e kekahi. Kekahi noiʻi manaʻo i ka Ukrainian hehi nalo meli - ka mea, Aloha wale ka hema lālā o Central. 'Ē aʻe paipai ana ia mea he hoahanau o ka Carpathians a Kranjska. Akā, e ia me ka mea i, ka Ukrainian hehi mea ai okoa mai kekahi'ē aʻe laha 'o ka meli a elua ma ka nānā aku a me ka hana o ka hiʻona i hiki oluolu e noho kaʻawale mea he kaʻawale ole. I i hana i ka 1929, nä känaka 'epekema A. S. Skorikovym.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE hanohano nō hoʻi hiʻona o Ukrainian hehi i:

• proboscis 6.34-6.64 knm loa;

• ʻano kiʻekiʻe kaumaha (105 g);

• pouli oho kala like 'ole me ka yellowing;

• ole kiʻekiʻe loa degere o ka lokoino i;

• haahaa propensity e hanau nui ai lakou;

• ia'ku i ka maʻi a me ke ahonui, i ka haahaa mahana.

Pono a me keakea o Ukrainian hehi nalo meli

Nā pono o kēia ole, ma ka hou i ka hoomanawanui, nā kiʻekiʻe productivity a me ka mama no hoi no ka maluhia o ko lākou mau lewa mai ka aihue ka meli'ē aʻe nā mea kolo. Fertility, oluolu mai predroevogo moku'āina, i ka welelau o ka malama i ka hive maikaʻi o ka maemae - ka mea okoa Ukrainian hehi nalo meli. KamakawiwoʻOle meli hoomaopopo a me ka meli pele ana. Ukrainian hehi ma keia manao emi i kekahi'ē aʻe? Ueo. I waena o kona keakea i kuhikuhi ia ia mea hiki ke ohi iʻapapane inu wale mai mea kanu me ka maʻiʻo kiʻekiʻe o ke kō (18%).

Carpathian nalo hopeʻeha: na hoailona o ka ole

Kēia? Ueo ua i wehewehe aku ma ka pau kau o ka hoʻokele waiwai a me ka liluwelo ano. Ke kahua hoʻonohonohoʻana like o ka mea i lilo ai ma 1966 ma lalo o ka Initiative o Kumu selhozakademii ia. Timiryazeva HI Avtisyana. Wehewehe aku Carpathian ole o ka nalo meli i kēia ka papa kuhikuhiE hiʻona:

• loa lōʻihi proboscis 6.3-7 ka m;

• nui ka nui (i ka 110 g);

• oho abdomen;

• maluhia-aloha;

• ole i lanakila maluna o propensity e hanau nui ai lakou;

• pili ia'ku i ka maʻi a me ka insensitivity i haʻahaʻa mahana.

Carpathian nalo meli ma mua ma mua o nā breeds, makahiki hoʻomaka e hōʻiliʻiliʻapapane. Honey, kēia nā mea kolo puka "maloo" hana.

Kekahi manawa aku nei, beekeepers kūikawā breeders Kamakawiwoʻole 'ano Carpathian nalo hopeʻeha i piha iho - Moscow. Weight lā holoholona o keia pae ke hiki 120 g. 'Ia nā pōpō ole o ka nalo meli Moscow mai he ao alohilohi i silvery.

Pono a me keakea o ka Carpathian ole

I ka pono o ka meli e noho ana i loko o ka? Uyie aa? O ka Carpathians, nā kiʻekiʻe productivity, ke ahonui a me ka maluhia külana. Haʻalele he nui na mea e ae, ua ole Ua hiki ke ohi i ka nui nui o ka meli, e like me ka mea kanu me ka haʻahaʻa kōpaʻa maʻiʻo. Ke keakea o keia nalo hopeʻeha mea i ka welelau o ka aihue, ua hoʻemi? Iecaianoaaiiuo o propolis a me indifferent e pili ana i ka mahuahua mu. Aka, aie i ka productivity kiʻekiʻe, Carpathian a Moscow - he loa hanohano ole o ka nalo meli ma Rusia.

Kranjska nalo hopeʻeha

Kēia? Ueo ua hana i loko o ka? Uyie aa? O ka Alpino. Ka mea, ua mai ia ma hope, hele aku Carpathian nalo hopeʻeha. I ko makou aniau i loko nō o kēia ole mea a pau oicyenoaaiiie waiwai. Kona kumu o ke kiʻiona hiʻona i:

• ʻaʻole lōʻihi proboscis (6.9 mm);

• 'ano nui kaumaha (110 g);

• oho me ke kālā sheen, heʻeleʻele a brownish kala like 'ole o ka abdomen;

• maluhia ano;

• ʻano kiʻekiʻe propensity e hanau nui ai lakou;

• ka hooilo hardiness a me ka ia'ku i ka maʻi.

I waena o nā mea a pau, ke ole ua wehewehe aku ma ka wanaʻao wai ulu. Nalo meli ohiʻapapane ka mea, e hiki i ka kiʻekiʻena o 1500 mika luna o kaʻilikai.

Pros a me ka hooluolu ana o Kranjska nalo hopeʻeha

Nā pono o kēia ole nā kiʻekiʻe haʻawina ma luna o ka ikaika meli ohi, i ka hiki e koke OIeEOEIeAeEIIe, mai ka poʻe hewa nui a hiki i ka mea kanu oi loa i i hakuloli i ka kalakala ino keia, ka hoʻokele waiwai hokii, o ka ai ana i loko o ka hooilo. I ka papa kuhikuhiE drawback o ka Carpathian ole 'Aʻohe wai iaʻu propensity e hanau nui ai lakou ua manaoia nawaliwali palekana o ka lewa mai kaʻaihue.

Hiʻona Ole Buckfast

Kamakawiwo Ole o na nalo meli, i ka hōʻikeʻano o ka i i haawiia mai ma luna, hiki e hana 'ike loea i kaʻaneʻane nā wahi a pau o ka aina. Buckfast - he ano o hoʻomāhuahua ai, akā,ʻaʻole he anu-hoʻopale. Nolaila, he mea pono no ka mahi i loko o ka papa kuhikuhiE wale i loko o ka hema aniau i loko nō. Ee keia hapalua ua i loko o ka 20s o ka hope kenekulia mōneka Carl Kerhle ma ka aoao o ka Italia, Anatolian, Teselonike i, kanaka o Aigupita a me ka Greek breeds. I ka papa kuhikuhiE characterizing hiʻona o ka nalo hopeʻeha Buckfast i:

• proboscis waena loa;

• kaumaha kaumaha (115 g);

• ʻaʻahu yellow-eleele ano;

• peacefulness;

• awelike propensity e hanau nui ai lakou;

• maʻi ia'ku (pakahi aku la ia i ka akarapidozom) a me ka pā lonoaʻili i ka haʻahaʻa mahana.

keia ole loa maikaʻi ua holoiʻia o ka'ōpala hoʻi a me hives nalo meli ke lele i ke kipe no lōʻihi mamao.

Pono a me ka keakea

O nā mea a pau i ka Western Europa ole o ka nalo hopeʻeha Buckfast o ka loa hoʻomāhuahua ai. A, i kēia mauʻano nalo meli fecundity, a kiʻekiʻe adaptability i hoʻololi? Aneie ana. Ke keakea nā kuhikuhi haahaa o ka hardiness. Ka wā? Aneii ana ma ka akau wahi o Rusia no kēia mau hives o ka nalo meli e e lalana ana ia ia.

Mountain Haole nalo hopeʻeha: i ka papa kuhikuhi ano o

He aha ole o ka nalo meli piha iho ma kaʻaoʻao hema o ko mākou'āina nae? Haole mauna olaʻano nui i loko o nā kuahiwi o'Ararata, Georgia a me Azerbaijan. I ko kakou aupuni, ka mea, ua nāu kekahi i loko o ka Krasnodar a me Stavropol Teritore. Kona papa kuhikuhiE characterizing hiʻona e like penei:

• proboscis 6.7-7.25 mm o;

• ole he nui loa kino nuipa a (90 g);

• kala-oho ano me ole lenalena chitin inclusions;

• uuku propensity e hanau nui ai lakou;

• ole i lanakila maluna o ia'ku i ka maʻi, insensitivity e hau.

Nalo meli keia ole mai i makemake dampness. No laila, i loko o nā hives pono e hooponopono maikai hoʻokomo ea. I ke anu wa pono, hiki ke mālama i kēia? Ueo o ka meli,ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o nā alanui hooilo, akā, no hoi ma o ka waho.

Pros a me ka hooluolu ana o poʻo Haole ole

I ka pono o keia? Ueo o meli ma ka wahi mua o ka hiki, e ohi i ka nui nui o ka meli, e like me ka mea kanu i pihaʻi me iki kōpaʻa. Weight waiwai i loko o ka hive hiki e mai i 1.5 kg no ka lā. No hoi i ka hua hoʻohui Hinahina Haole ole ua noʻonoʻo i ka 'auhau maikai o ka ohana, e hoomalu aku i lewa, a me ka hua kiʻekiʻe o propolis.

Ke keakea o keia? Ueo o ka nalo meli hai aku kuhikuhi ole loa maikai ia'ku i ka maʻi. No ka poe i loko o na hives o ka nalo hopeʻeha panalāʻau e ia, e hana i ka loa hōʻoluʻolu aku ana. Ke hoʻohālikelike me ka Ukrainian hehi, a Central Rusia, keia ole mea,ʻaʻole loa tolerant o haʻahaʻa mahana. A no ke aha la ia mea pono ma ka hapanui no? Aneii wale nō i loko o ka hema wahi o ka aina. Nō hoʻi, i kēia mau nalo meli e losing kekahi mau nāʻano likeʻole o ka meli i ka olelo o ka auoiaea ma kiʻekiʻe lāua i ke kīpē.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE huahana o ka beekeeping

Ke kumu nui ia Morohiha o nā mea a pau na? Ueo i ho'ākāka 'ia ma luna nei, o ka papa, i ka kiʻekiʻe productivity. He aha ka mea i manaoia ma keia makahiki? I ka papa kuhikuhiE huahana i nalo hopeʻeha ka meli, a me ka mahuahua propolis. Eia hou, e piha mau nā mea kolo ma apiaries ma ka mea e loaa loa waiwai aliʻi jelly, pollen a me ka nalo hopeʻeha mea makeʻino.

mall o ka meli

I ka papa kuhikuhiE huahana o ka beekeeping i hala loa i luna 'Nine Inch haku mele' ana. Honey, he lāʻau lapaʻau, bactericidal a me dietary waiwai. Kona ano hilinaʻi ma luna o na mea he nui aʻe: ka ole o ka nalo meli, mea kanu? Ueony, malie aku ana, etc. ke kaumaha ma muli o kēia meli hiki i kekahi wai maʻiʻo, Nine Inch haku mele 'ana,ʻano,ʻano o ka crystallization, a pela aku .....

Ano o ia huahana, loaʻa nō kekahi mau:

• loa kinowai (clover, he laau);

• wai (buckwheat, Lime);

• manoanoa (dandelion);

• lina (honeydew);

• jelly (Ka hua bale).

Honey ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka ai, nā mea hoʻonani a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o hūʻole, a me nā pastries, i me kona lawe ana o Anati-oo hoi holika, gels a me shampoos. Ma lapaau, o ia huahana uaʻano nui hoʻohana like me ka'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana a me Anati-hoʻoʻino Agena e hooikaika ana. Eia hou, ka meli Ua hoi he kūlohelohe antibiotic.

Value beeswax

Kēia huahana ma ka hive hanaʻia mau oihana: e hoomalu aku i na nalo meli, mai ona mau ma ka uhi i ko lakou chitin iwi, a me ka lawelawe 'ana me ka mea no ka hana ana i keena. Like ka meli, ka nalomeli mahuahua hiki i kaʻokoʻa waihoʻoluʻu a me ka haku mele 'ana. E hoʻohana i kēia waiwai huahana i loko o nā hana o ka hoʻokele waiwai: kaʻili hana, kukui hana, ka ai, a hiki ma ka metallurgy, a me ka mokulele oihana puolo. Kekahi o na kumu nui mau mea o ka palapala noi mea lapaʻau. Ke mahuahua hoʻohana ma o ka iapaau ana o ka ili maʻi, me ka eha hoola a me ka Anati-hoʻoʻino Agena.

He aha ka propolis?

'O kēia kekahi huahana loaa ma luna o dilution o nā mea kolo e like me kā ka nalo meli. Kamakawiwo Ole nalo meli, ua nui, a me ka mea a pau paka maikaʻi kēia propolis. Ua haawiia i like kūikawā lina ka pouli ma ka waihoʻoluʻu. Nalo meli hana ia e sila mawae ma ka hive. Ka waihoʻoluʻu a me ka ala o ka waiwai hilinai kuhikuhi ma ka ano o ka meli mea kanu ulu i kokoke koke i ka apiary. Propolis hiki eʻeleʻele aole hoi i eleele. Me ka dukima ka mahuaola - nā wikamina,'amino nāʻakika a me kumumea oihana mua - ia huahana he he nui dala.

Ka loa hoʻomano hoʻohana nalo hopeʻeha glue loaʻa ma ka laau lapaau. A me kona kōkuaʻia mai ana eczema a me nā ili maʻi, gastritis, peptic ulcer, colitis a me ka 'ole. D.

aliʻi jelly

'O kēia paha ka loa waiwai huina hoonui o ka beekeeping. Waiu hoʻohana no ka hanai ana i nā mea kolo uterine larvae ma nā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o? Acaeoey. He He loa ikaika liluwelo stimulant, oia hoi o ka helu nui o eiiiiiaiou. I ka hana mau o ka jelly kohu ka vinega holika, a mai he keʻokeʻo waihoʻoluʻu.

Keia nalo hopeʻeha huahana e pono keia mau meaʻano nui a hiki i ka nui, e hoike ana ia mea hiki ke nunui hoʻonui i ka e hoʻonele o ke kanaka. hoʻohana waiu no hoi no ka iapaau ana o ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana maʻi, infertility a me ka impotence, normalization puʻe, ua hakumakuma koko kō, a no laila, ma luna o. D.

Pollen a me ka nalo hopeʻeha mea makeʻino

I kapaia o ambrosia pollen, nā mea kolo ohi ia ma ka hale kūʻai i ka hooilo. E hoao rai ka berena keia huahana kohu. Ma Perege like propolis, he nui dala o'amino nāʻakika, nā wikamina a me nā minelala hao. A hōʻuluʻulu i nā mea a pau i 100%. I ka papa kuhikuhiE wahi o ka hoʻohana 'ia o pollen, he lāʻau a me ka cosmetology.

Bee ino mea he kūikawā huahana o secretory haʻawina i loko o ke kino o ka insect. Ua mea he ike, colorless wai a me ka makemake loaʻoluʻoluʻala. Kona Nine Inch haku mele 'ana,' aʻole maopopo maopopo hiki i keia manawa. Ua Ua manaoio ia lethal i kānaka i lilo 500 insectʻaki ma ka ia manawa. Ma liʻiliʻi puuhuahelu e like me ka nalo hopeʻeha ino hiki ke hoʻohana i Anati-hoʻoʻino a me ka antimicrobial Agena.

kahi o ka epilogue

Bee? Ueony, piha iho i loko o Rusia, he mea nui. Ka hapa nui o ia i wehewehe aku e kiʻekiʻe productivity. ? Aneii Central Lūkini, Ukrainian, oho kuahiwi meli, a me ka 'ē aʻe? Ueony kūkā mai ma luna hiki e io pono hana, e lawe ana i kona haku i ka maikai makahiki, a me ka hoʻokele waiwai' - tangible pomaikai.