Nikolskaya hale kiaʻi o Moscow Kremlin: mōʻaukala, hōʻikeʻano a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Kremlin Nikolskaya halekiai - kekahi o na kumu o ka unahiʻole, i kuhikuhipuʻuone Ensemble hua Red Square. Aia ka he puka, a hiki i ka hopena o ka 15th kenekulia hoomaka Str. Nikolskaya. Huina? Ieoaeunoai kiʻekiʻe - 70,4 m, ina oe ka lolouila ho'āliʻi aku iā haʻi i kona hoku. A hailona o ka hoihoi 'a me ka pono' ike, e aʻo hou mai i ka 'atikala.

mōʻaukalaʻikepili

Nikolskaya Tower Ua kūkuluʻia i loko o 1491, o ka makahiki. Ua Ua hoʻololiʻia ka Italia GP Solari. Ka inoa o ka hana pili i ka Wonderworker Rotehama, kona ikona e nani ai kā ka mea helehelena i ka hikina.

Aia i ka poe haumana, ka poe malama i ka manao, e olelo ana ua pili i ka inoa a me ka mea kahiko Nikola, nona ka hoailona i ke aupuni 'loa pili. I ka m-1612 puka o ka hale kiaʻi hala ka militia, kona alakaʻi ua Dmitry Pozharsky a me Kuzma Minin, nolaila, hele ae la ia ma ka mōʻaukala.

I ka 1737, ka makahiki Nikolskaya Moscow Kremlin hale kiai i ale iho i loko o ka lapalapa ahi, a wela loa. Ua hoihoi hou ia ma lalo o ka hooponopono ana o I. Michurin. Uaʻikeʻia hoanmike baroque hiʻona e like makahiki-kahiko kaila o Arsenal. I ka 1780 i ka 'ole o ka hoopau ana i ke hana K. Blanc, nana i hana i ka luna o ka poepoe ÿano, a me ka haahaa halelewa. I ka wā 1805-1806 ka. ʻaneʻi ka mea i lawe mai nui? aeiino? ma lalo o ka hooponopono ana o A. Ruska a me A. Bakaev. Ma ka paena o ka superstructure ma luna o ka quadrangular ikea Kokika octagon, kiʻekiʻe halelewa i ke keʻokeʻo pohaku a me ka hoʻonaniʻia me ka nani tracery 'ano apau loa. He mahalo i ka Kokika kaila hale kiaʻi o St. Rotehama Ua loa okoa mai nā hale i loko o ka Kremlin.

hana hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo

I ka 1812 ka mea i lawe mai i ka Naita me ia, i kūpono i loko o ka hale loaʻino wale. Nā culprits he Farani, haʻalele i ke kūlanakauhale. Ka hale lole, hina iho la, ā 'inoʻino kekahi i ka puka no ka lima. Not Hook poi a me ka ikona Mozhayskogo Nikoly, a i noʻonoʻo i ka hana mana.

Keia ua koke loaʻa Emperor Alexander I. A laila, ma kona kānāwai lawe mai i ka hoihoi hou ia ana mai o ka Nikolskaya hale kiaʻi. Ma lalo o ka maka o ka haipuleʻikeʻia kinikini plaque ma luna a ke kiaaina i kona mau lepili. Ke kikokikona heluhelu i ka hoola ana o ke kiʻi mea ku pono i ka lokomaikai o ke Akua.

Ka ho'ēmiʻana keʻano o ka hanaʻana mau ae la ia mai ka 1816 a hiki i 1819-la makahiki. Ka pāhana alakaʻiʻia kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone OI Bove, ka mea i i kekahi HOU ma ka manao. Halelewa o ke keʻokeʻo pohaku i auou caiaiai ma luna o ke kumu o ka hao ponoi. Ma nā kihi o ka quadrangular i hue, a hooikaika aku la i ka Kokika ano o ka hale. No hoi zodchesky i kona ano akamai ma keia hana hoike V. Bakarev. I ka wā o ka IeAIIeXIAaIEN Nikolskaya Tower Ua loaʻa i ka hau-keʻokeʻo waihoʻoluʻu. Ma ke kaiāulu he mea he Capella Chudotvortsa Nikolaya a me Alexander Nevsky, a i hou na manawa he nui. Ka hope manawa e hiki mai ai i ka 1883.

loli

I October 1917 i ka hale ua loa pōʻino, ua make no i ka mea kaua shelling. Ua Ua kukulu hou i ka 1918. Ke kaʻina alakaʻi N. Markovnikov. White i UAIAaIN ma ka pōhaku lepo, typical no ka mea a pau kuhikuhipuʻuone Kanakaʻole.

Papa i ka pohaku keokeo, ma a Alexander au i hookahi kākau i nā hua'ōlelo, dismantled. I ka makahiki 1935 mamuli October, ma luna o ka hale lole ma luna o ke kahua o kaʻaeto me nā poʻo kau hoku i me ka kalaka nui-maikai saredio e hoʻololi i ka 1937. I kekahi Ray 12 be i lalo ke alo.

eha

Nikolskaya Tower (Moscow) i ua poino, i ka 1917 ua lilo ia i ke kulanakauhale i ke kahua kaua. Ua haule leho luku increasingly lalo o ka puka pā. I keia manawa, i ke kiʻi o St. Rotehama i ka loaa a, a me ka mea, i ke hoinoino la pōkā puka a me ka shrapnel lele i loko o ia, akā, me ka maka, a noho unharmed, hoopa iho la i wale na kumu a puni ia. O ka holo ana, ua he coincidence puʻe wale akula kēlā Muscovites hou hoʻokūpaʻa i ke kiʻi o ka hemolele.

I iconography hoomaka ae la e hana i ke kiʻi o ka pūniu icons. Ke 'ole i hoihoi hou ia i ka 1919, i wehe mai ke kiʻi ka wā renovations. Hoola hou i hiki i ka makahiki-kahiko kumu, a hoʻopau hua'ōlelo i ko läkou '. I 1920-1922. murals a me nā kiʻi o ka poe anela i eliminated.

hai hana mana

I 'Apelila 1918, i' Imi hoomakaukau ana no ka hookahakaha ma ka hanohano o May Day, i hookahakaha no ka manawa mua laila. Mea helehelena me ka ikona kapa i ka ula bunting. E mālamaʻoukou i hoʻomaopopo 'o ka mea i laila, he ikaika ka makani, a me ka ia i hookuu i ke ala no ka maka, a hoolei iho la i ka canvas. People ka poe i hiki mai, koi i ka mea,ʻaʻohe preconditions a hiki i ka malamalama ka ino, a me ka lole haehae iho la ia ia iho ina chipped pahi kaua. Lenin ua hiki mai, a me ka CPC, like me ka nui loa o ka poʻe a pau nani a pau i kēia hanana.

No ka mea umpteenth manawa mystique loaʻa Nikolskaya Tower o ka Moscow Kremlin. Kēia moʻolelo ua hoʻonui i ka paa papa inoa o i nā hana mana, a hiki ae la i loko o ka nūpepa. O ka holo ana, ke kaulana Fantasy pâʻani mai i ka ikaika, a me kekahi mau hoike i koi ia i ke kiʻi hoomalamalama ana.

lehulehu outcry

Eia hele mai nā malihini, i disbanded koa o ka Red Army. Kamaʻilio e pili ana i kēia hanana no ka manawa lōʻihi,ʻaʻole i ho'ōki. Kekahi wahine, a hiki mai la ia ma May 1st ike Chudotvortsa Nikolaya me ka pahi wakawaka e i loko o kona lima, ka mea āna i kua i ka ula paku. Kēia ia mana i hoopaa ia e kekahi kanaka.

Kanaka panee moʻolelo, i kēia mau wale wahie i kekahi kumuhana nui o ke kamailio malaila. E somehow kū i kēia hysteria, kiai kekahi manawa ae hoʻolele i ka pu i loko o ka lewa, e lūlū aku i ka poe kanaka, i ka nui o ka hoihoi i loko o ka hale kiaʻi o St. Rotehama. Kamaʻilio hoʻowawāʻia holo, akā, wikiwiki hoi aku la i ko lakou mau wahi kahiko. Tikhon i 'aneʻi - ka makua'lii, ka poe i malama aku i ke liturgy i loko o nā paia o ka Kazan Hale Pule Nui. Ma mua o ka puka o ka pule i paʻa i loko o ka hanohano o St. Rotehama.

Chapel hale i wāwahi i ka makahiki 1925, no ka mea, ua pono e kuu ai i ka hale kiai, mai ka papa kahiko. Ma 1929, aia i kukulu i ka Ilina o i ka pohaku. Hemolele kea laa, na i loko o ka pā pōhaku o Chapel, i laila 'o ia a hiki i ka pa o ka luakini o St. John ke Koa Kaulana, i kahi ma luna o Yakimanka. A noho kukulu 'Ia lehulehu ana.

Nā discoveries

Nikolskaya hale kiai kuhikuhipuʻuone mea maikai, akā, e ke nō ka loa hoihoi 'hehee ai' aneʻi o ka inoa o ka ikona kaulana o Nikoly Mozhayskogo. I ka makahiki 2010, ka makahiki loaa he kahiko kiʻi, a no na makahiki i kanuʻiaʻo ia ma lalo o kekahi papa o ka puna. Kona ola i ole ia i kekahi palapala.

Ma ka maka o ka haipule i hele mai ma ma kaʻimiʻana Kyoto. A laila, 'Imi hana ma ka haawi ana i ka Kremlin kona Mokuna helehelena. I lune, ma ka puka hoʻouka kekahi scaffolding no ka hoihoi hou ana. Ka poe akamai i mālama 'ia e ho'āʻo ai i loko i ka mea i hiki i ka hoʻoponopono i ka moku'āina o ka ikona.

Alaila, hoomaka iho la ia e hoomaemae loa oia i kona alanui a me maoli ike i ke kiʻi o ka haipule. Ua Ua manao ia o ka luna, ahu iho ua pili i ka 15-16 kenekulia. Hana i ia e nani, no ka mea, ua loaʻa i nā māwae, a me kekahi mau 'ole' ana. A hiki i ka hale kiai kī, kekahi puna haule iho la ia, no laila, i ke kea laa, malamaia wale ma ka hapalua. Ano, he mau manao no ka hanaia'na o ke aniani pa mea i malama i ke kiʻi, mai adverse ino ana. Mea aole i loaa i loko o ka condensate e e hoʻohana 'ia e ka hoʻokomo ea nenoaiu.

hopena o ka hana

Ka hoihoi hou ia ana he 3 malama. Ke hana ua paʻakikī no ka mea, o ka mea fragile ana o ka huli. Ma waho aʻeo ia na ko läkou 'o ka shrapnel a me ka pōkā i koe, ka mea, ua hoi he hopper, a i hana i kekahi mea lele. Ka mea, haʻalele lākou mark ahi i puhi i loko o ka Middle Ages. Papa superimposed ma ka 19th kenekulia, hele I. Grabar i ka 1918. Puna hewa ole ma ka pena, ka HW ua jammed. Mea pōmaikaʻi, au noho kupaa hoomakaukau unuhi, ma i ho'āʻo e recreate a pau i ke koena.

Ua haʻalele lima i? Aeiino? Mai ka palapala i i hanaia me ka pena Anonymous Mea Hana i o ka 16th kenekulia. Wale nō ka lāʻau e kû ana me kekahi mau loli ma ka enehana, no ka mea, aole he kumu e aʻo ana i ka hana i ka mea pono.

Ua mea no hoi he mea pohihihi, o ka lā o ka hanaia'na o ke kiʻi, no ka mea, ua nui loa aku oko a ma ka 17-19th kenekulia. Hoola hou hoike e hilinaʻi ana ma ka palapala i loaa i loko o ka maka o ka 17th kenekulia.