Pacemaker - He aha ka mea? Pehea mea he pacemaker? kāki o ka hana

Pacemaker - i mea mai ka 'inikua oiai ua? Mua o nā mea a pau, ia mea he'āhihi lolouila mea e normalizes ka naau Muscle. Heart pacemaker hoʻolako kaʻoi loa helu oʻoki e pono ai no ka maʻamau ola. Ka mea i hiki ke lanakila electrophysiological dissociation o ka atria a me ventricles, me ka ai-kapaia atrioventricular aeie, a pela stabilize i ka naau.

Mōʻaukala o ka hanaia'na

Pacemaker - keia mea no ka physiologist? E like me kēia mea hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia i loko o hua'ōlelo o ka hopena ma luna o ka pathological keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loko o ka mea'ōnaehana mānowai koko'ōnaehana o ke kanaka kino? Ma ana nāwaliwali uilaʻikena ka lāʻau ikiʻai e hoʻopau arrhythmias noiʻi mahalo i ka hopena o 19th kenekulia. Eia naʻe, no ka nele o ka 'ike loea hou no ka hoʻomakaʻia uila hoouna mai i loko o ka minimized waiwai ua i' ae 'ia e hoʻomaka i ka noiʻi i loko o kēia ao.

Wale nō i loko o ka hapa mua o ka 20th kenekulia, psychologists, nä känaka 'epekema ke hoʻomaka e hoʻopaʻa haʻawina i ka hopena o ka pou impulses i loko o ka naʻau ha awina. A o Yonamine i loko o kēia wahi,ʻo ia ka Italia kanaka noiʻi Luigi Galvani. Hope Lūkini physiologists N. E. Vvedensky a me Yu. M. Chagovets Ho'āʻo ke ao ana i ka manawa kūpono o ana nāwaliwali uilaʻikena hookuuia no ka iapaau ana o kekahi mau naʻau maʻi.

I ka makahiki 1927, he Amelika cardiologist Albert Hyman ua papahana o ka honua ka mua Electro-me mechanical lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe, e malama i ka hale hānai pāpana o ke kanaka naau. Ka mīkini kaupaona oi aku mamua o ekolu haneri nā huna, o ka mea ua kaulia ana ma luna o ka kūikawā kāʻei, a huna ma lalo o ke kapa. Naʻe, i ka pacemaker Ua maikai functioning, i loko o ka pōkole manawa i ua ee pūkaʻina? Iecaianoaaiiuo.

mua i nā hualoaʻa

Pacemaker - ka mea, Aloha no Alberta Haymena, i ka mea nāna i hana o ka mokuna a me kona mau nā hoapili Hana me cardiac arrhythmia? Mua o nā mea a pau, keia mea o ka mua mua i loko o ka kaʻina lōʻihi o këia uila 'enekinia, i kūpono, a hiki ke kau i ka hana o ka laau lapaau.

E pili ana o ka stimulant Hyman i loko o ka pōpilikia e hiki ai i wahi i ka 1951, ka wā ma hope o ka hana i hiki ke hoola i ka hoomanawanui me ka holomua transverse naʻau hihia a me ka arrhythmia Episode. Aka hoi, i ka hoʻomanawanui i ka lōʻihi manawa i loko o ka haukapila, e like me ia i hiki ole neʻe ke alalai ole ia me kekahi 'ano bulky i hoʻomākaukauʻia ma luna o ke kino, a, eia hoi, ua ma ka pono o ka a eia i nā limahana o ka' inikua kookoo.

Stimulant-e kanu pūʻia

Ua hui World Cardiology Center koa e hana i ka olelo hoopomaikai uila stimulator, a makemake kaupaona ole oi aku 80 nā huna. I ka 1958 i ka pae ana o Kuekeneʻepekema, alakaʻiʻia Kauka Rune Elmqvist e kāinoa'āhihi "Siemens-El." Ua hoopaaia Stimulator i loko o ka lahilahi-paʻa i ka pā hale i ka titanium oka a pau, a hiki e kanu pūʻia ana ma lalo o kaʻili. Naʻe, i ka mana hokii o ka Kuekene hana mea hou i hana muaʻole ua liʻiliʻi - i ka pu ki aloha e hoʻolako i ka lāʻau ikiʻai wale no wale 18 mahina, ma hope i ka hoʻomanawanui i puʻe wale, e hana i ka hana e puku i ka mana lako.

Creation o ka wahi lulu EKS

Eia hoi, he pacemaker - He aha ka mea, mai ka wahi o ka Hawaii o ka hoʻomanawanui iki mai lakou ia lakou iho? O ka holo ana, i kēia mea he olaʻi mea kani, kŰlń ao ke ola o cardiac nā mea maʻi e loaa ana, mai kekahi mau naʻau pāpana ka haunaele. Heart Muscle functioning ana ma o ka leo akau - o ke ki i ka pilina paʻa hoohana ia ana o ka holoʻokoʻa circulatory'ōnaehana o ke kino.

I ka makahiki 1960, i ka Soviet academician A. N. Bakulev huli i ka alakai oaoieei-oaio? Ia o ka Soviet Union i manaoia ka hana ana o ka manao maalea o cardiac noaaeeecaoee. Ka mua luna pane Design Buro pololei 'ana i loko o ma paʻi' enekinia, a i ke kūlana o ka pale hana. Ma ka pōkole wā o ka manawaʻanoʻenehana ho'āʻo ma, a ma December 1961 ka mua Lūkini-i pacemaker Ex-2 "Mosquito" Ua ana e kanu pūʻia i loko o ka hoʻomanawanui hoomanawanui mai piha atrioventricular naau hihia ua hoano e mamuli o kekahi laʻana i hana, hana. Pacemaker "Mosquito" Ua hua mai la no 15 makahiki, i hoolaia e ike loea'āhihi lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe na tausani o ka poe mai kanaka.

A pakeneka kiʻekiʻe o ka make ma muli o ka mea'ōnaehana mānowai koko maʻi i loko o ka Soviet Union ia i ka pau ana o ka 50 makahiki, ka mea, hoomaka ae la e hoole. Ke pacemaker o ka naʻau, i hōʻike manaʻo, mai nā mea maʻi, ua ano laulā, 'oluʻolu, koke loaa hiʻona.

New mau holomua, ke ano o ka wahi lulu EKS hou. I ka pau ana o ka 1962, hou Eia kekahi laʻana, ke Kuhina o Health e waiho no ka pūkaʻina? Iecaianoaaiiuo. Penei, hana i loko o Rusia naau pacemaker, hōʻike manaʻo e pili ana i ka pono o ka poe 'oluʻolu, hoomaka ae la lakou e paka i loko o kekahi mau poʻe i loko o ka' inikua holoʻokoʻa.

Wa kardiostimulirovanie

Prior i ka implantation o pacemaker e kanu pūʻia, i ka hoʻomanawanui i loaa ka mua kōkua me ka mawaho hui 'mea iloko olaila o nā papaʻelua a i aia ma na aoao a elua o ka pahu, kekahi ma ke alo o ka naau, a me ka' ē aʻe ma ke kua, o lalo o ka hema'ūhā maka. Impulse maalo ma ka sternum, ke kumu o ka pahee nāʻiʻo i ka palapala ma na aoao elua, e like me ka naau Muscle. Kēia papa hana ke kumu discomfort i ka hoomanawanui, akā, me he pokole iaoia o ka noaaeeecaoee o ka naau i kela mea kūpono. Ke keakea ana mawaho stimulationʻano hana ninoieo i loko o ka mea ana e ole ka hoʻomanawanui e waiho unattended, o ka oi aku ina ia mea unconscious. A hāpai pacemaker hana ma luna o ka paʻa 'aelike, ka mea pono ole kūikawā aʻo, i lawe kekahi mau pule.

? Aiaiiuie endocardial stimulation

I ka rula o ia 'ole ma luna o ka naʻau Muscle o ka hoʻokomo' ia 'ana o kaʻimi'ūholo uila i loko o ka naʻau lua. No kēia mau hana i ka mea sterile kau o ke alakaʻi mele, a me kaʻimi iho, a ua hāʻawiʻia ma nā venous moana a hiki i ka puu wai. I ka pau ana o ka'ūholo uila ua hoʻouka kekahi ma ka atrium akau, a me kona alo, proximal pau ana o ka pili externally i ke kumu, paha ke pou impulses.

A hāpai i ka pacemaker ma ka pokole 'aelike ua ana hoʻohana' ia ka wāʻaʻole hoʻi he manawa no ka hou'ano'ē ki ina hana like. Ma hope o normalization o ka cardiac hoʻomanawanui ke hoomau aku i ka implantation o ka paʻa lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe.

Like e kanu pū i ka paʻa pacemaker

Pacemaker no ka implantation hana i mea uukuʻoki kino, ua papahana no ka lōʻihi-makahiki hoʻohana. Implantation ua ana lawe mai ma lalo o kūloko anesthesia. Ka a pau kaʻina Ua maheleia i loko o kekahi mau kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao. Mua, he incision o ka ili a me ka'aʻaʻa a me ka aa koko hoʻokaʻawale. A laila, ua hana i ka naau i ka makemake helu o nā uila aʻa lolo i i hoonoho iho i loko o ka naʻau keʻena. Ma hope o hoike o na conductors ua kéu a pauʻikepili: pā lonoaʻili, i auhele paepae, he kaʻoi loa hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha o lopi, lawelawe lāʻau ikiʻai wale. A laila, fixation o na nā uila aʻa lolo i, he wahi moe ua hana no ka pacemaker, a e kanu pū noonoo o kanaka.

Ma kekahi mau hihia, i ke kanu pūʻia ana, aole ia i lawe aa koke, ka mea i hiki ia he hōʻemi iki rejection, akā, emi iho ka li nui koke ma lalo o ka aoao o kaʻike mau ai ', a me ka hoʻomanawanui mau e noho i ka maʻamau ninau ola.

O ka papa kuhikuhi hana o ka pacemaker

Ka mea o ka lolouila mea hoohui ia ma ka olelo hoopomaikai metala hale noho. Ke iee? Ua manaʻia e kekahi o na pu ki papahana no kekahi mau makahiki. I ka rula o ka hana ana i wahi lulu EKS mea e pane ai i ka wa e kaawale aku o ka maʻamau contraction o ka naau Muscle o ka hoʻomanawanui. Ua papahana ke pacemaker no laila, i ka lāʻau ikiʻai wale hoouna mai i kona mau lolouila lolo, kokoke loa ka hopena - i ka manawa like o kekahi mau-haneri, o ka lua.

Ma maʻamau ana o ka naau mea hoi indifferently - e hoouna ae i ka lāʻau ikiʻai. Aia o kekahi pūʻulu o pacemakers i i ka hiki e ke hakuloli i ke alapine (frequency). Ma ia noniakahi mīkiniʻimi ka manaʻo, 'ikepili i ka loli ma ka hoʻomanawanui ka ha awina. I mea, ua hoʻonui mīkiniʻimi, he accelerometer, i pane ai i ka loli ma ka ECG kiko'î a me ka ÷ naehana hanu kōmi. Ma me ka naau pacemaker hoouna impulses māmā holo mai.

e hiki ke hoahuʻikepili ma o ka hana ana o ka naau, i hiki laila, e ia auoiaea i ke kanaka hoʻoponopono 'ole kikohoʻe no Ka Ikepili Na mea hou Ke Ana Hoʻohālike o ECS. Kēia hiʻona e leie aku ke kahuna lapaau, e hāʻawi aku e pono ai 'inikua Inc, e like me ke koho i ka mea kiko'î o ka pacemaker hana. Hou ana i kekahi mau mea e e paa ana ma ka liʻiliʻi koke kela mea keia eono mahina. Pacemaker, ke kumukuai o ka mea hoʻonoho i mea hana i loaʻa no ka hiki e auou caiaiai i kekahi kanaka me ka awelika makahiki ina e pono ai.

Transesophageal i auhele

No ka meaʻike, o ka arrhythmia hanana i loko o nā mea maʻi ikea ai'ōnaehana ua hoʻohana me kaʻimi. kūikawā alakaʻi mele me ka kihi uila lawelawe ua hookomoia i loko o ka esophagus. Keʻimi Ua papani iho la i ka welau o ka hui 'ana o ka naau, a he oiaio, i ka atrium hema, a me ka esophagus. mīkini hana wāwahie, a hoʻopakele lāʻau ikiʻai wale o kekahi alapine (frequency) ua laila, ua hō'ā ia. Ke ano o ia noiʻi mea e kuhikuhi i ke alo o ka coronary naʻau maʻi. Palpitations ma lalo o ka aoao o ka uila lāʻau ikiʻai wale ke hōʻike i ka rejection o ka naau Muscle haawe ana.

Transesophageal i auhele lawa paʻa, ka mea hiki ke kōkua i ka diagnose i kekahiʻano o cardiac ka maʻi. Ma kekahi hihia pāʻani kolepa ae lapaʻau: pana paroxysmal tachycardia, hopu atrial koliliʻana, hana? Aiaiiuie stimulation me bradyarrhythmias, pu ma infrequent pāpaʻa, e hoʻopau maʻi sinus maʻi pale. e hiki no kekahi manipulations me kaʻoiʻimi wahi i loko o ka esophagus wale.

Pacemaker: kāki o ka hana

A hāpai pacemaker ma Rusia ke loaʻa mai ka 65 a hiki i 650 tausani rubles. Keia dala nā ka lilo o ka mea ia, a hiki i ka implantation koina a me postoperative wā. Pacemaker ia, i ke kumukuai o ka i me ka nānā 'ana i ka Hookah, hiki e comparatively haʻahaʻa (20 tausani. Hamo i.). Ua loaʻa i ke hoʻomanawanui i ka poʻe uʻi a o nā ana hoʻohālike. Ua mea maikaʻi, e kiʻi i kekahi pacemaker, hōʻike manaʻo i ka hapanui maikai. Kēia mea poʻe Medtronic, StJudeMedical, Guidant a me Biotronic.