Soviet mainline ohua locomotive NEI: mōʻaukala, oaoieei-ano

1937 ua ka hiʻona'āina no Paris no ka mea, o ka World Hōʻike lawe wahi ma laila. "Huli" (pili aloha inoa o ka ohua locomotive "Iosif Stalin"), loaa ae nei i kona Grand Prix. I ia manawa ka mea, ua ka locomotive loa ikaika maʻEulopa. E like me ia ka mea i koe i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka Soviet mahu locomotive.

Mamua o ka manawa

Mahu Pake ua he ohua kēia o ka ua? Ueony ukana mahu maile "Pelika Dzerzhinsky", ua hanaʻia mai ka 1931 a hiki i 1941 ma ka Lugansk locomotive loa. Ua Ua hanaia no ka mahuahua kekahi mau manawa o ka buke o ke huli - ma ka aina ua industrialization. Mahu Pake ua o type 1-4-2. He aha aʻole ia ke ano o? He ua i ka holo paepae komo huila 4, he muller a me 2 kākoʻo i loko o kaʻoʻoleʻa maoli. Ma IS20-241 hoohalike i ka pepa, a hiki i ka World ka Fair. Manaoʻikeʻia lōkahi - keia locomotive mamua o kona manawa.

ʻO nā mea a pau-hou locomotive

Ma ka hoʻomaka o ke? Iecaianoaaiiie o keia hana mana o ka 'ike loea hou i mua, ua hoʻokumu' ia i loko o ka United States ikaika locomotives no ka ohua kalepa ae la lakou - "Mountain," "Hudson" a me ka "Lokovanna". ʻO ia iho haʻilula me ICs, i he 'Amelika' Ākau ukana lawe Berkchir. Akā, ia mea fundamentally okoa i loko o kekahi mau kanaka e mahalo mai ka Soviet locomotive papahana no kaumaha-Holland a me ka ohua amo no lōʻihi mamao, neʻe i ke kali mämä holo i kaumaha meheu e like me "2a".

OAXA ana

Mahu Pake i hele mai mai o ka wahi. Soviet mahu locomotive hoʻomaka e hoʻomōhala me ka 20-ies o ka hope kenekulia. Ua haawiia ka hoʻonui ka hoao ana i loko o ka Kolomna kanu papahana locomotive "Mikado" Ua hanaia i ka 1929. Akā, i ka papahana i ole hoʻokō, a ma ka 1931 i hoomaka ai e hana i ka nui ikaika locomotive. Kekahi o na kumu nui e pono ai ua ka i kā mākou interchangeability o nā māhele me ka mahu engine puke "Pelika Dzerzhinsky". Eia hou, i ka mahu Pake ua e i traction, 50% kiʻekiʻe ma luna o loko o ka mahu maileʻano SU, a "hoʻokāʻoi Sormovo" ( "maloo"), hua mai la i ka makahiki 1924.

na manao no ka oi

Ma Feberuari, ka sketch i haawiia mai ai i ka Central Buro o locomotive no ka piha manao, a ma April pau i ka helu. Ua mamua Nä Pahuhopu - ka poʻe akamai e hoʻokele i e interchangeable me ka PD mea ole wale i ka paukūʻolokaʻa, ieoaeunoai, paepae komo huila-poho, axles a me na wahi e ae, ka mea, i ka mea i hiki ke hana i kekahi ano o ke kupulau wehe '(i ka'ōnaehana no ka hōʻoiaʻana i ka bodywork). I o Aperila, i ka ulu ana o ka haule ana mai o ka manao? Anoa locomotive kanu ma Kolomna, a, me ke komo ana o ka Izhora hana i ka hoʻomaka o Okatoba 1932 hua mai la i ka locomotive mua.

More ma mua o kilakila hana

Ma ka hopena o December keia makahiki, ka mea i akoakoa mai la ka lua o locomotive. All 1933 keia kükohu ua ke kahu moku, i ekolu? Aeaciui - South, Ana a me Okatoba. Ka awelika mana, a hōʻike i ka locomotive ua 2500 Hp, a hookahi ma ke ala o ka 8% i loko o ka wahi "Moscow Bologoe" mea hiki 3400 Hp Ke Median Ua oi ma mua o nā hahauʻana (? Aaony wale 50%) mamua i ka 'auhau o "ka maloʻoʻana". Ka nui ma Europa, a ua ua hahau i ka ieoaeunoai (80 kg / m + ² • h), a mamua o ka mooolelo "FD" (65 kg / m + ² • h).

Kau aku ma luna o kahawai

Ma ka kekahi aoao Ahaolelo, mālama 'ia ma ka makahiki 1934, ka mea, ua he nui olelo hooholo - mahu Pake moʻo ( "Iosif Stalin") ma ka eia, ua i ka lua o ka elima-makahiki papahana e ia i ka papa kuhikuhiE ohua alahao ma ka paka o ka aina. Akā, Kolomna hola i ole i ka mana, e holo i loko o ka nui pele o ia locomotives. Ma ka hope o ka makahiki 1935 ka mea i hookuu eono wale. Naʻe, i kukulu ia i loko o ka 1927-1931 ka hou kanu Voroshilov mīkini hola ke hoolako i ke kahe ana o ke kala o na locomotives me ka aeie nā paukūʻolokaʻa a hana huinahā mōlina.

O maikaʻi, oi nani

No ka hoʻokahi wale nō i loko o 1936 ka mea i hookuu 3 locomotive. Kekahi lāliʻi hoʻohālike au iā Kolomna mahu engine i ua holomua, no kekahi laʻana, i kēia mau machines i ka 6-paepae komo huila opiopio kahi o 4-paepae komo huila, i ola i loko o ka mua eono. ua lilo opiopio wai lua pele a me ka oi elongated kinona, i hoonui ae i keʻano o ka engine, a me ka nalowale a pau. A ua i ka 1937 o ka mea kanu ma ke kaomi 'ana i ka nui-unahiʻole, i? Iecaianoaaiiie, produces 105 locomotives. Ka hapa nui o nā mea a pau, 174 na apana, i kuu i ka 1940, ma mua o ka hoomaka kaua i ka 1941, he 81 locomotive. Hope mahu engine o kēia moʻo Ua pau no? Ieoaeunoaa ma Ulan-Ude i ka 1942. Total locomotives "Iosif Stalin" Ua hookuu 649 huahelu.

mana kükohu

I ka 1937, ua hanaia ka mahu Pake me ka hoʻokolohua 20 16. ke kumu hoʻohālike i nani loa kou a. E nānā i ke locomotive a me ka 'aelike' me ka poʻe e noi aku ke kumu, hana mau Ka Uluwehi O Ke machines hoʻi i loko o 1937, e ke aupuni kuai lilo lākou similarity wale aku? Ka hou no laila, no ka mea, a hiki i ka 1930, i loko o ka makani tunnel ua, ua lawe mai hulina ho'āʻo ma o ka engine i loko o ka Hoʻoponopono hale noho. E like me ka hopena, ka mea i loaʻa mai i hoomaikai ai i ka mana o ka palapala 'oe ke loaa 200-250 Hp, a ua mahuahua ka māmā holo. Ke locomotive o keia palapala me ka iwi kuamoʻo huila hiki hoʻomōhala ia i ka 160 km / h, a i ka manawa ua he piha aupuni mooolelo. Nae ko waho,ʻo ia ua loa, loa aesthetic.

Soviet poe paahana

Ke kāpena mea ma ka welau o ka mahu locomotive. Palupalu iho iʻehā ma luna o nā bogies. IC locomotive Ua lako pono me Westinghouse wawahi iho. Ua hiki e hou i ka ieoaeunoai ua he ākea firebox, i mea ma luna o ka haka ai, a he 'Amelika-mika Groove palena a me ke keʻena'ā. Kupaianaha iaʻi Soviet oaoieei-manaʻo i ka mahu Pake 20 16 kona hoakaka, ua ai hemolele i i ole hoʻopili like i na alanui. Huakaʻi, alakaʻiʻia e ka mea kiko'ī, haawiia keia i ka Soviet manawa courier. Piha hoakaka, i hoʻomaopopo ai e ka poe akamai, i kaiāulu i loaʻa.

kekahiʻikepili

Kekahi hiki wale e hoailona oukou i ka locomotive "Iosif Stalin" he ehiku na koilipi. O kēia mau mea,ʻehā i alakai. PD mai ka engine, e like me ka olelo maluna, ua hookoaiaʻe e huila haʻilula. Kona nuipa a mea like i 133 tona, i ka huina nuipa a 88 m, māmā holoʻawelike - 100-115 km / h. i hoʻohana kēia mau locomotives me superheated mahu, a he mau-paukūʻolokaʻa mīkini mea me ke kapuai hookahi.

Ka haʻaheo 'enekinia, - UA locomotive - hōʻike i ka ekolu Soviet A hehi ihola au. A kaulana Soviet Auana kuu ma hope o ke kaua ( "ka huakaʻi hele a hiki i ka hikina"), keia locomotive mea i loko o ka pāpaho i.