Aha i ka inika: haku mele 'ana. Pehea e hana i kekahi maoli ka inika: koe ma ka anu u kauoha, a koi

Kela a me keia lā mākou hoʻohana 'ana i ka ballpoint peni ma luna o nā Kauai i nā mīkini paʻi e hana me ka uuku pahaʻaʻohe haʻahaʻa. Ua lilo ai maʻa i keia mea e ole manaʻo e pili ana i ka mea e hana mākou. A muaʻanuʻu i ka hana mea hou i hana muaʻole, a pau kēia mau mākaukau manaʻo beauty ua kahaha ko oukou naau haku mele 'ana i hiki ke waiho ia aku ko läkou ma luna o ka maopopo pepa a me ka'aʻaʻa. Eia naʻe, i kēia lā mākou makemake e kamailio ai, mai ka mea i ka inika. A manawa pōkole mōʻaukala a me ka 'ike loea hou laekahi e e hana hoihoi no nā mākua a me nā keiki.

kahiko tomes

Ke thinnest parchment laina loko ma tannedʻili, kahiko moʻolelo i kākau lima i mau weliweli i mea hiki ke hoopuni disassembled ai mamao palapala. ʻO ka inika mua ka loa puni hoʻi -ʻeleʻele kawili pu ia me kekahi mea Padfolio. He, ma ka mea, ua i ka inika, a dries a me na mawae. Eia hou, ka mea, ua loa ai uaua, ka mea, ua pono e kiʻi i ka lima, e lawe mai i ka maikai wahi. A laila, i ka hoʻomanaʻo i pololei hoʻolaha. Aha i ka inika, i ike wale i nā kāhuna. Ma ke ala, ua nui likeʻole. Ka mea, ua laweʻia e like me ke kumu o ka meli, a i hoʻohuiʻia ia mea he gula he lepo lā. I lohe nui ia hapa o ka elderberry a me ka walnut. Akā, ua poho a pau i kēia i loko o oblivion. I keia la, i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka inika ua lilo oluolu a me ka affordable. E ka kumumea i ka kaulahao no hoi ia.

Ink mai ka hua kukui Gallen

Hoomau ana i ka noonoo, mai mea i ka inika, ua hiki ole hoopoina i ka loaʻa kaulana, o kūikawā ka ulu o ke ma ka lāʻauʻoka lau. Ka mea, i kapaʻia galls, a noho i loko o ia insect larvae - ka laau awaawa, wasps. Ia mea ke kumu o ka ulu o ke kapa ia ka inika hua kukui. O kēia mau'uī wai, ia mea laila, hui me ka hao sulufahate a hou lina. Ka hopena ua he hale hānai haku mele 'ana me ka nani alohi mai. O keia la, i ka la i ka malamaia moʻolelo i kākau lima nana loa hawaiian. Naʻe, ua kekahi mea nui nuance. Mau ka inika ua colorless, heluhelu i ka palapala hiki ia wale nō ka wā o nā palapala maloo.

A kipi i loko o ka moʻolelo o

Ma ka XIX kenekulia, ua lilo nui ka hoʻonaʻauao aku i kanaka, he nui kona ike ana i mea e ka inika. I ka 1885, kekahi coup i lawe. Kumu invented alizarin ka inika. Mea, ua hookauiaʻe ka laau awaawa,, akā, ua pili ke kala ku i ka hanana mea hoʻonui. Blue-uliuli a pau i loko o ka hue, mea, e huliʻeleʻele wā noi i ka pepa. Kēia i loaʻa ma ka hou o Krupp, oa extract, mai na kumu mai o ka madder.

Ano, i keʻanoʻenehana kipi ua i piha kowali, a me ka madder ua aʻoʻia e puku iʻimi hoʻopunipuni waihoʻoluʻu a me ka inika hua pisetakia - gallicʻakika. Akā, i kēia holomua uaʻaʻole hoʻi i kāpiliʻia. ka easiest ala e paka aniline ka inika, i ua mea hoʻoheheʻe i loko o ka wai, e loaa i ka kemikala kalameaʻai i loaʻa. Me keia enehana ia mea hiki ke synthesize he ākeaʻano o ka malu mele. Naʻe, ka mea e waiho ana no he mea pohihihi ana i ka hana palapalaia maluna penei saredio, he sapeiro a me ka momi ka inika kahiko mōneka. Mau hui mau nō iʻikeʻia i loko o kekahi monasteries, akā,ʻaʻole loa ia oe, aole loa haʻalele lākou mau pā.

Mai ka wa kahiko a hiki i ka makana

No laila, pehea e hana ana i ka inika i kēia lā i loko o nui, hanalima me ka unahiʻole, ia mea,ʻaʻole paʻakikī ke koho i ka hapanui o ka manaʻo kanaka, aole ia e hoʻohuli i ke ano. Ano a pau ua hanaʻia mea haʻilula keimikala hiki ke maheleia i loko o kekahi mau ano. Ka mua pūʻulu o ka loa kaulana, nike a me ka maʻalahi. He, ma ka mea, o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka inika mai gallicʻakika.

Ka lua o koho - mea e loaa i ka haku mele 'ana, ka hoʻohana' ana tannin. Ua Ua loaʻa i kuai i loko o ka palapala o ka yellowish he lepo lā. Ke hoʻohana i thickeners a me glycerol gelatin. Pela ia mea hiki ke hana i kekahi meaʻuʻuku nui o ka inika, e e kŘpa a palekana, a hiki ina accidentally kino. O ka holo ana, keia ua maikaʻi loa käpae '.

Pehea e hana i ko lakou mau lima

Inā 'oe he makemake e ho'āʻo iho i loko o ke kūlana o ka medieval mōneka, laila mākou e hai aku oe pehea e e ka inika ma ka lima. All eiiiiiaiou i 'ano noonoo ole. Oe e Pono e ohi i ekolu nā huna o ka lāʻauʻoka ohia, elua nā huna o ferrous sulufahate, a me ka hookahi dala o ka nui aʻe ana Apapika. Ink Gauls Pono e paona mea i loko o ka pauka a me ka hoʻopiha i ka moku. E ninini i loko o ka mea 30 ml o ka wai. Ma kekahi moku ninini like ka nui o ka wai, a hui aku i ka mea'ē aʻe eiiiiiaiou. oe ke hui pu na ke kinowai i loko o nā lā, hookonokono ae, a waiho no kekahi 48 hola, a laila, ke kanana nei. Eia naʻe, e kākau i kēia haku mele 'ana, e pono e aʻo hou. Akā, mahope mai o kēia mau ka inika hana me ko lakou mau lima ia mea paakiki, oe, e i ia e māʻona ai me ka ka mea i like loa me ia.

ka inika alizarin

e hoomakaukau lakou i ka lāʻauʻoka ohia, akā, ka mea, uaʻokoʻa i loko o ia mea, aia no iloko olaila vīnega. E hoomakaukau i ka pono, e lawe i ka inika kukui 10 g., 6 g. O ke keleawe sulufahate, 1 g. O ka nui aʻe ana Apapika, 100 ml o ka vīnega. Ka makaukau i ka hailona o ka manawa, no laila, I hoʻoikaika i loko i ka lōʻihi kaʻina. Pepe iho la ka gallsʻona nō i loko o ka vīnega no ma ka liʻiliʻi loa 6 lā. Ka i koe, eiiiiiaiou i kaawale mea hoʻoheheʻe ma kaʻakika. Ma ka lima o ka lā o ka lua o ka hapa pono e hoolapalapaia.

Ma hope iho o nā pāʻoihana, e noho makaukau, e pono e merge ia pu. Ano, e lulu i ka läÿau, vigorously. Ke kaʻina ua kokoke e puni. Ua Ua maikai hoʻomākaukau like'ūheheʻe lāʻau-aceticʻakika. Alizarin ka inika i ka nui keakea - ka mea, i ole uniformly kahe a puni i ka peni, a me ka noho ma luna o ka mea, he nui loa.

Nui o ke koho

I keia la, i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka inika - keia mea nui i? Iecaianoaaiiie, i wale maoli ka holo 'awelika. Ma kā lākou Rus hoomakaukauia mai ferrous sulufahate i ua hou ana i ke kai lāʻauʻoka kukui. I kēia lā,ʻike mau ka inika no ka ballpoint lima - i ka läÿau, he 50 a oi eiiiiiaiou. Kaʻeleʻele waihoʻoluʻu ua loaʻa ma ka make, akā, no ka mea hanohano i ke triphenylmethane, keleawe phthalocyanine, e haawi i ka uliuli tint, no laila, mahalo i kēia moʻokalaleo.

Ink Manufacturing ole me ferrous sulufahate a me tannicʻakika. Colorants a me ka mea hoʻonui i hui ke akahele a me ka'ūheheʻe, e koi 'ia ka mea, e hana i ka haʻilula oi hale lio. Kemikala polymers i pono, e kōkua hoʻomaʻa i kaʻilikai hoʻopilikia.

'Ia nā pōpō o ke aniani

Ink no ka hoʻomākaukau i kekahi Kaulu o ka hana pāʻoihana elua. Ka mua - ia 100 ml o ka wai a me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe loko 1 g. O ka potasiuma sulfide a me 7 g. O ka paʻakai sulphide. Ka hoomakaukau ana i na mea hui pu iaʻi. Lua like me kekahi mau 100 g. O ka wai, 3 g. O ka kiniki koloriside a me 13 ml o hydrochloricʻakika. I ka läÿau, hiki ke 'ana hoʻohana me ka inika. Ua hiki ke paa e pili ana i ke aniani, a kiʻi ma hope o maloʻo ana matte lepili.

Mele no ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia

oe ke kapa aku ia lakou me ka inika wale conditionally. E kākau i ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia e ia i ka läÿau, o ka nitric a me hydrochloricʻakika. No keia, o ka ili honua ua kapa komo iā ia me ka mahuahua, a laila, e ka palapala pahi e hoopii mai ai, a laila, ua noi aku i ka haku mele 'ana ma luna. Five minuke ma hope, i ka moku i ke hōʻike pū 'ana i ka mehana ka wai. E loaa mea like ka inika palapalaia maluna penei ma ka uliuli, ka mea, ua koi 'ia e hoomakaukau i kaʻokoʻa haku mele' ana.

Ua Ua hoomakaukauia ma ka hoʻohuihui 3.5 g. O ka borax me 15 ml o ka'eto ka waiʻona, 2 g. O ka rosin ka pauka a me 25 ml o methylene uliuli pāʻoihana. I ka hopena o ka palapala i ka uliuli.

Ink no ka'aʻaʻa

Mākou Ua kūkā mua mele a me ka pulakaumaka o na mea i hanaia o ka inika. Eia naʻe, a pau o kēia mele mai ole i ke kiʻekiʻe ia'ku i hai holoi, a baila aʻela i. E hana i kēia, he wahi e hoʻololi i ka beauty. A hiki i keia alabata, Ua enaena i loko o 42 g. O ka aniline a me 2,5 g. O ka potasiuma chlorate a me 13 ml o ka wai. A laila, 15 ml o hydrochloricʻakika (25%) a hoʻomau e hoʻa'ā i ka läÿau, a ka mea, ua poeleele. Ua koe ka hihia no ka uuku. Ke alabata, Ua nininiʻia ma luna o cuprous koloriside, i kēia kaʻina hiki ke manaoia kokoke piha.

Ke kūpono pāʻoihana ua enaena i ula-lila waihoʻoluʻu. Ma hope iho o ia, ma lalo o ka aoao o ke kalameaʻai, ka oxidizing hope a me ka hōʻeleu no ka naoh mākou ke kiʻi i ka hopena hope loa. Ink ua i ma luna o kēia beauty, ka mea, ua nui loa hoʻopale. Ka mea, e ole mae i loko o ka holoi kaʻina hana a me ka hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia ma ka malamalama hana.

kahi o ka hopena

Me oe e ike, he nui na aoao, e hoomakaukau i ka inika. Hoikehonua, ka hana apono '? Iecaianoaaiiuo maiʻeleʻele a pau me nā pōpō ka inika. Nei, i ka 'ike loea o pale ai punahelu. Aia i kūikawā i huiʻia i ka wā i hoʻohuiʻia ai i ka inika, e neutralize i ke kūlana o ka fungus. Kēia creosote a me ka formalin, salicylicʻakika.

E like me 'oe ke ike, o ka haku mele' ana o ka inika mea,ʻaʻole paʻakikī. Inā 'oe e leʻaleʻa o ka kemika, a laila ia e e hiki ke haʻi hou aku ia i ka hale. Naʻe, i ka nui nīnau mea, ina paha ia ka manawa-e hoopau ana, o ka oi aku e noonoo pono i ka waiwai e lilo aku ana o ka huahana i loko o ka hale kūʻai oihana lako a me ka hokii.