Anatomia. Kuʻekuʻe aku hui: 'ole, ligaments, nāʻiʻo a me ka hana

Ke 'ole a me ka hana ana o kekahi mau wahi o ke kino, a me nā iwi o nā ami, këia 'anatomia. Kuʻekuʻe aku ke ami hoi pili i ka hui ana o ka iwi, a me ka noa maluna lala ua hanaʻia ma ka huina māhele 3 iwi: ka humerus, ulna a me ke kahahńnai o.

Eiiiiiaiou o ke ami

Ke kuʻekuʻe aku ke ami hoi - hana pokou hoao ana, a lawe pu i ka'ūhā mua a me ka forearm.

Hiʻona o ka 'ole hiki ke wahi i ka luna' hui hui a me ka articulation.

Complex ke ami hoi i kapaʻia ia i loko o ke kahua o ka i 'ole oi aku mamua o elua articular surfaces. Ke kuʻekuʻe aku o ka ekolu:

• articular ili o ka distal humerus epiphysis (ke poo o ka mokuna a me ka condyle);
• articular ili o ka ulna (trochlear notch a me ka pāhawewe);
• poo a me ka glenoid kaiapili kahahńnai.

Alu ke ami hoi pili ia i ka poʻe i huiʻia ma i kekahi mau kuokoa ami hui nā leo articular mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku. Ke kuʻekuʻe aku i loko o kekahi mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku hui ekolu kuokoa.

Anatomia o ke kuʻekuʻe aku kanaka ami o loa hana, hui i kekahi hui, he 3ʻano o nā ami.

• humeroulnar - uniaxial, ginglymoid;
• brachioradialis - spherical, akā, ua lawe mai ka neʻeʻana e pili ana nā koʻi lipi (frontal a me vertical);
• radioulnar - paukūʻolokaʻa (kuapo e pili ana i ka vertical (axis)).

Hiki ka neʻe 'ana o ke kuʻekuʻe aku

olelo 'ole i mea e hiki ai e hana i kekahi huapalapala o ka neʻe' ana. Kēia flexion, palena manawa, kuapo (pronation a me ka supination).

ami mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku

Olelo mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku poai puni i ka ami 3. Ua Ua paa i ke alo, a ma na aoao.

Front a me ka hope o loa wiwi, kānaka Hohola ae la o, akā, ma ka aoao e hoʻopale ai i kona kuʻekuʻe aku ligament. Anatomia o ka synovialʻili lahilahi nā iwi, a i ole uhiia me cartilage, akā, i loko o ka ami.

Ligament o ke kuʻekuʻe aku ami

Kēlā me kēia hui iwi - o ka luna 'a me ka noʻonoʻo kūpono-mai'anatomia. Ka ikaika kuʻekuʻe aku ligaments, a i hoomalu a me ka neʻeʻana i loko o kekahi Kekoa.

Ulnar collateral ligament hoomaka mai ke kumu mai o ka humerus (ka medial condyle) nā kūlanaʻelua ma luna o ka ulna (trochlear Eʻokiʻoki).

Ke kahahānai collateral ligament hoomaka mai ka humerus (kīloi paʻewa epicondyle) ua maheleia i mau kaola a diverge a hoopuni i ka poo o ke kahahńnai, e hoʻopaʻa i ka ulna (kahahānai Eʻokiʻoki).

Ke komo lima, a kuea laulau o ka paa kahahńnai a me ka ulna.

Knobby protrusions pili i ka tendon o ke kuʻekuʻe aku. Anatomia o ka hui haawiia keia i like "i ke poo o ka ulna." Ka mea, ua iho la ka mea e loa pinepine e ae, mai nā palapū, a piʻi.

Ma waho aʻeo i ka papa kuhikuhiE ligament i loko o ka papa iwi fixation 'ole a me ka interosseousʻili lahilahi o ka forearm. Ua Ua hanaʻia ma ka ikaika kaola e hoʻohui i ka kahahńnai a me ka ulna. I kekahi o kēia mau kaola i loko o ke ku pono ana i ala e hiki aku, mai ka kekahiʻaoʻao, i kapaʻia ka kēlā chord. Ua loaʻa he puka ma i na moku ke koko a me nā aʻalolo. Pāʻewaʻewa chord o ka hoʻomaka 'ana i ka helu o ka forearm nāʻiʻo.

ʻO nāʻiʻo o ke kuʻekuʻe aku hui,'anatomia a me ka ho'āʻo

Aia nō kekahi mau hana iwi ami i loko o ke kanaka kino. Ka mea, i nā mea a pau këia'anatomia. Ke kuʻekuʻe aku ke ami hoi i hana i loko o kona mau aoao. Ua Ua hoomaluia e ka maikai muscular maoli. Papa hoʻolaukahi hana ana a pau na nāʻiʻo e hōʻoiaʻiʻo uninterrupted ana o ka iwi ami.

A pau na nāʻiʻo ka heluna i ke kuʻekuʻe aku ami hiki ke maheleia i loko o 3 pūʻulu: extensors, flexors, rotators (lawe pronation a me ka supination).

mau extensors - triceps Muscle (triceps), tensor fascia o ka forearm a me ka kuʻekuʻe aku nāʻiʻo.

mau flexors - na biceps (biceps), brachioradialis a me ka'ūhā mua nāʻiʻo.

Pronator - brachioradialis Muscle, pronator teres Muscle, heʻahā like pronator hana rotational neʻe ma a me ka mai.

Insoles - biceps, supinator, brachioradialis Muscle ka ao ka ka forearm mai o ka loko.

Hana physical kino e hooikaika i na nāʻiʻo i makemake ai, ia mea nui, e hoomanao palekana. Ke kuʻekuʻe aku ke ami hoi ua pinepine hana ino iki mai 'âlapa.

I ke koko na lako i ke kuʻekuʻe aku ami,'anatomia

He mea nui no ka mea 'eleu hope e kiʻi i nā māhuaola i hele mai i ona lā me ke koko. Ua mea a pau na ami a me nāʻiʻo mai, mai ka pae ana o na arteries. Ka mea, he poe 8 mau lala, a i hoonohonoho ia ma luna o ka ami mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku.

pukapuka o arteries e hoolako i ke koko a hiki i ka hui, he o na moku me ka inoa "anastomosis".

Hi ona'anatomia o ke kuʻekuʻe aku ami - keia mea he loa huikau noaia vascular pili 'o Randy. Mahalo i kēia noaia ua lawe mai me ka haʻahaʻa o ke koko i ke ami. Outflow ua lawe mai ma na aa koko.

innervation o nāʻiʻo

He aha mea e hiki i ke kaʻina hana o ka neʻeʻana i loko o ka ami? Aia i kūikawā nā aʻalolo ē aʻei ka hana ana Muscle innervation. Kēia kahahānai a me Media nā aʻalolo. Ka mea, e ma ke alo o ke kuʻekuʻe aku.

Hiʻona o ke kuʻekuʻe aku hui, noiʻi ki ina hana like

Ke kuʻekuʻe aku ke ami hoi ka loa kūlana, e like me ua mau paku ole ia i physical stress.

Loa pinepine, e ike i ke kumu o ka eha, ke kauka prescribes hou noiʻi. Ua hiki e X-Ray, MRI, ultrasound kiʻi, arthroscopy, kuʻekuʻe aku puncture.

Mau ana noonoo i ka papa ana o na iwi a me ligaments o na ami a puni. Ma ke kiʻi o ke ao a pau o kona'anatomia e e lewa. Kuʻekuʻe aku - he luna 'ami, a pono manao, a piha study me ke kōkua o nā lako a pan.

Ka, iniiaiie iaoia o diagnosing maʻi kuʻekuʻe aku - radiography. E laweʻoe i nā kiʻi i loko o nā nā wānana waiwai. Ka mea, ae oe, e ike i na loli i loko o nā iwi.

No ka hoʻoholo 'ana mai o ka pahee kuʻekuʻe aku eiiiiiaiou kauka hoʻohana' ē aʻe ki ina hana like.

Nā palapū a me nā maʻi

Maʻamau kaʻeha ma ke kuʻekuʻe aku āpana ke olelo aku nei au i ka loaʻa nō kekahi mau 'aʻe'. Ma hope o ka hookolokolo ana, o ka loa pinepineʻike, - ka arthrosis. Ua ka hana, a me ka arthritis, a me ka oi.

arthrosis

Ua lŘlŘ ka emi pinepine ia ma mua i loko o ka iho a me ka hip-ami. At kamepiula he kanaka nona ka hana a ua pili i ka mahuahua haawe ana ma ke kuʻekuʻe aku hui me ka mōʻaukala o ka trauma aʻoki kino ma ke kuʻekuʻe aku, me ka endocrine a metabolic kāna hana, me ka arthritis.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE symptoms i: a eia i aching eha e ia lŘlŘ ma hope o physical haʻawina. Ua hele ma hope o ka koena. Ke kaomi 'ole kamumu kuʻekuʻe aku. Ke kaupalenaʻana i ka laulā o ke noi.

arthritis

Hoʻoʻino ami maʻi. Hiki kumu, he nui loa. Ka mea, e lilo nā mea palahēhē, allergic reactions, kiʻekiʻe haawe ana ma ke ami, malnutrition.

A ano o ka arthritis hiki e huʻi paha maʻi.

Main symptoms: paakiki eha, ili redness, nani, i kaupalena 'o ka hoʻoneʻe ami.

rheumatoid arthritis

Ma ka hapanui o na hihia, ke kuʻekuʻe aku hahau rheumatoid arthritis. Kona symptoms: oolea i loko o ke kakahiaka, symmetrical arthritis (nā o ka wela ai ami), maʻiʻeha, komo i loko o ka maʻi kaʻina oi uuku ami (lima, na puupuu wawae, na pulima oʻu, kukuli iho).

epicondylitis

Pinepine maʻi i loko o kanaka nona ka hana a ua pili me ka kiʻekiʻe wahie, ma ke kuʻekuʻe aku (Hana, kolepa, hakoko).

Aia nā 2 ano: kīloi paʻewa, medial.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE symptoms:ʻeha i loko o ka wahi o ka pōʻino, ua make epicondyle, i kŰlń ao ai i ka forearm nāʻiʻo (mua a me ka hope). I ka hoʻomaka o ka maʻi eha ana ma hope o hoʻokō '. I ka wā e hiki mai, me ka eha ua i manao ai a hiki ma ka palena haʻahaʻa ka neʻe 'ana.

bursitis

Li nui o ka ami mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku. Loa pinepine ia ia lŘlŘ i loko o kanaka nona ka hana komo ai me ka ikaika nā palapū posterior ili o ke kuʻekuʻe aku.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE symptoms: hoʻokano, throbbing eha, haanou ana ma ka hope o ke kuʻekuʻe aku, i ke kapu o ke noi ikaika hawewe. Pinepine i ka papa kuhikuhiE symptoms o ke kuni, he moku'āina o mau nawaliwali, malaise, headaches hoʻomaka.

nā palapū

Hua'ōlelo i makemake physical ole ma ke kuʻekuʻe aku hiki i eha. Kēia dislocation, iwi fracture, sprain, hemorrhage ke ami hoi (hemarthrosis), Muscle pōʻino, articular mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku rupture.

Mau nā palapū a me nā maʻi loa pinepine pilikia ma ka maʻamau o ke ola. I mea e hoʻopale 'mai o ia, oe e hana kāohi ana: e loaʻa kāna hana stress, e haawi mai oe ia oe iho i ka' eleu maha, ia mea pono Kāohiʻana o traumatic wahi, i hiki i ka hana, adherence i kaʻai, lōpū physical aʻo pono ai a me ka articular gymnastics.