Antibiotic "zyvox": aʻo no ka hoʻohana 'ana, analogs

I ka mālama'ana i nā ma'i o ke kino kinopiho, ke kauka pinepine nei ke kauka i nā lā'au'oko'a. 'O kēia mau lā'au lapa'au he nui loa nā'ano. 'O ka'oia'i'o, hiki'ole ke'ike i nā'ano mea like'ole me nā huahana hō'ailona, akā'o nā lā'au lapa'au e pili ana i nā ma'i bacteria, he hoihoi nui.

'O kekahi o nā lā'au'oko'a kahiko, kahi i pani'ia ma kā mākou mākele olakino -'o ia'o Zivox. Na Ke Kumu no ka hoʻohana ana i ka lāʻau 'Hōʻike i keia antimicrobial Agena o kemikala kumu. Aia'o ia i kahi hui kūikawā - oxazolidinones. 'O ka mea hana nui nui'o linezolid. Ma hope a'e, e no'ono'o kākou i kēia mau'ikepili: ka hana a Zivox lā'au ma'amau, nā kuhikuhi no ka ho'ohana'ana, nā analogs, nā hopena ākea a me nā hō'ai'ē.

Ma ke'ano hea ka hopena?

Ke loa'a nei kēia lā'au lapa'au i loko o nā'ano like'ole:

• Ma ke'ano o nā granules, i pena'ia i ke'oke'o ke'oke'o a i'ole ka pualena a me ka'alani o ka alani. No kēia mau mea, ua ho'omākaukau'ia kekahi hanana ho'opi'i, me ka mana'olana e 100 mg o linezolid i loko o 5 ml o ka ho'omaha hope. Ho'onoho'ia nā granule i loko o ka pahu 150 ml. Eia kekahi i loko o ka hō'ailona ma kahi mahele'ai me nā mahele (2.5 a 5 ml o ka ho'omaha).
• I ke'ano o nā papa i loa'a 600 mg o linezolid. Aia i loko o ka pōpa'i ho'okahi pahu piha me 10 mau papa i loko.
• 'O ka ho'olālā e ho'opiha'ia me 2 mg o linezolid / 1 ml, ma nā pa'i o 100, 200, 300 ml.

He aha ka hopena o ka lā'au lā'au?

Loa'a i ka substance substancextzolid ka mana e komo i loko o nā pūpū bacterial, e ho'opa'a i ko lākou ribosomes a kāohi i ke'ano o ka ho'omau pilina. 'O ka hopena, ua make nā microorganisms.

Ke kū'ē nei nā mea'ano i ka lā'au lā'au?

'O ka lā'au lapa'au "Zivox",'o ke a'o'ana no ka ho'ohana'ana me kēlā me kēia pūkowele e pa'a ana i nā lā'au lapa'au, pili maika'i i nā microingan:

• Nā huapona'okiki'ōma'ome'a-Gram: enterococci, corynebacter, staphylococci, streptococci;
• 'O ka bacteria aerobic kino'ole o ka genus Pasteurella;
• Gram-maikaʻi anaerobic koʻohune: Clostridium a me peptostreptokokki;
• 'O Gram-huapi'i neerobic kino'ole o ka prevotella genera, bacteria, chlamydia.

I ka linezolid, ua ma'alahi ke'ano o ka bacteria o ka moraxella, legionella, mycoplasma.

Aia kekahi microorganisms e hō'ike ana i ke kū'ē i ka linezolid i loko o ka ho'omākaukau ho'omākaukau Zivox. 'O nā kuhikuhi'ana no ka ho'ohana'ana, hō'ike i nā'ale'a hopena e like me kēia: bacteria hemophilic, a me genera enterobacteriaceae, nizera a me pseudomonas.

I nā ma'i hea i hō'ike'ia ai kēia lā'au lā'au?

Ho'okū'ia ka "Antiviotic" Zivox no nā ma'i e hiki mai ana:

• 'O nā ma'i'eha a me nā ma'i pumehana ka hopena o ka ma'i bacteria e hō'ike ana i ka no'ono'o i kēia lā'au lapa'au.
• I nā ma'i pilikino a i'ole i ke kaiāulu i loa'a i ka ni'onia.
• Me nā'eke'eha'eha o ka'ili a me nā'i'o ma'ema'e o ke kino kanaka.
• Ma ke kū'ana o nā ma'i, nā mea nāna e ho'okomo i kēia mea he enterococci, e hō'ike ana i ke kū'ē i vancomycin.

Eia kekahi, hiki ke ho'ohana'ia ka "anti-" Zacox "i" ka hopena o ka hopena no ka ma'i i loa'a e ka bacteria gram-negative.

'O Pharmacokinetics

Ho'ohālike'ia'o Linezolid i kahi lawe'ana i ka māmā maika'i mai ka'ōhumu'ōpala i loko o ke koko, me ka nānā'ole i ke'ano o ka ho'oku'u'ana o ka luna. Ua hala ma hope o 2 mau hola mai ka wā o ka lawe'ana i ka lā'au lapa'au,'o ka ho'okumu'ana o ka plasma i kona mau koina ki'eki'e. Ho'omoe'ia'o Linezolid i ke'ano o ka bioavailability kūpono, a'o ka ho'okahe'ana i nā mea a me nā kinona, ua wikiwiki loa ia. Ma waho o ke ka'ina hana o ka lā'au'oko'a i loko o ke koko, 31% e pili ana i nā protein plasma.

I loko o ke kino o ke kanaka, ua ho'okomo'ia ka linezolid e ka oxidation i nā huahana'elua i loa'a'ole ka hopena antimicrobial. Ho'opuka'ia lākou e nā pu'upa'a (e pili ana i 50%) a me nā'ōpū (i ka 6%). Ho'okomo'ia i kahi 35% o nā lā'au'ae'ole i ho'opili'ia me ka urine.

'O nā pharmacokinetics ma'amau, i hō'ike'ia e Zivox, ua'ike'ia. 'O ke a'o'ana no ka ho'ohana'ana i nā'ike no ka nele o ka hō'oia'ana o kēia hō'oia o ka lā'au lapa'au i ka makahiki o ke kanaka ma'i. No laila,'a'ole pono ka po'e kahiko e ho'ololi i ke'ano o kēia huahana huahana.

Ka hana'ana o ka lā'au lapa'au

Hiki ke kau 'ia ka lā'au Zyvox e ke kauka i ka mea ma'i no ka ho'ohana waha a ma ke' ano he mea i ho'okomo 'ia. A'o ka mea ho'omanawanui hiki ke ho'ololi'ia mai kahi'ano o ka ho'oponopono lā'au i kekahi me ka nalo'ole'ana i ka maika'i o ka lā'au lapa'au.

'O ke kau'ana o ka lā'au lapa'au, ua kau'ia ka lō'ihi o ka papa e ke kauka hele, a ua ho'oholo'ia kēia mau'ano o ka ho'olālā e nā kumu a'e:

• 'O ke'ano o ka bacteria i loa'a i ka ma'i;
• Kahi o ka ma'i;
• Ka nui o ka ma'i;
• 'O ka hopena o ka hopena.

I ka streptococcal pneumonia, kaiāulu-loaa a me ka haukapila-'ano i loko o nā mākua a me nā keiki ma luna o ka 12 makahiki i hoakaka ia 600 mg o "zyvox" lāʻau. Ke kuhikuhi nei ke a'o'ana e lawe'ia ka hua'ōlelo o ke kau lā'au i kēlā me kēia 12 hola, a'o ka lō'ihi o ka papahele he 10-14 mau lā.

No ka ma'i'ili a i'ole ka pa'akikī pa'akikī pa'akikī a pa'akikī paha, i hana'ia e staphylococci, streptococci a me vaneroccci resistant entoucocci, e like me ka ma'i diabetic foot syndrome (me ka'ole osteomyelitis), ua kau'ia ke'ano o Zivox 600 mg. Ke'ōlelo pū nei ho'i ke a'o'ana i ka wā ma waena o nā kaupae he 12 mau lā. 'O ka hopena o ka ho'olālā he 10-14 mau lā, akā hiki iā ia ke ho'opa'a i nā lā he 28 e like me ke kauoha a ke kauka.

Inā loa'a i ka mea ma'i ke kīkī'ai,'a'ole ia e pono i kahi ho'ololi o ka hō'ailona. Ke ho'okō'ia ka hana hemodiasissis, lawe'ia ka linezolid i ka manawa o 3 mau hola. I ka pili'ana i kēia kūlana, e lawe'ia ka lā'au lapa'au ma hope o ke kahe'ana o ke koko. 'O nā ma'i i'ike'ia me ka'ike'ole o nā hanana'a'ole lākou e pono e ho'ololi i nā'ano.

'O nā ma'i ma lalo o 12 makahiki ka mea i kauoha'ia e like me ke'ano ho'olālā o Zivox. Nā kuhikuhi no ka ho'ohana'ana i nā keiki hou a me nā keiki e hō'ike ana e lawe'ia ke linezolid ma ke'ano o 10 mg / kg o ke kaumaha o ke keiki ma ke alapine o kēlā me kēia 8 hola. 'O ka papa hana no 10 a 14 mau lā. Kēia laʻau heluna o ka lāʻau i ka topical Inc ma ka kaiāulu-loaa a me ka pneumonia nosocomial, palupalu'aʻaʻa nā mea palahēhē, a me ka ili, e like me ka hana me ka enterococcal nā mea palahēhē.

Ho'opau koke'ia ka poho pale i hana'ia no ka'ōpala i mua o ke ka'ina hana. Pono'oe e nānā i kahi pī'ā no nā'ōpala, ho'okomo iā ia no ho'okahi minute. 'A'ole kūpono ka hō'ailona hō'ailona no ka mea'ole i kōmole. Ho'ohui'ia ka'aila ho'opunipuni i ka manawa o 30-120 mau minuke.

Nā Kūlana Kūlana

Aia kekahi mau'ano o ka lawe'ana iā Zivox. Ke kuhikuhi nei ke kuhikuhi inā loa'a ka ma'i i ka hua bacteri'ole, a laila pono e ho'ohui i nā lā'au lapa'au me ka hana kū'ē i kēia hui o nā mea'ano.

I ka lawe'ana i linezolid, hiki i kekahi mau ma'i ke loa'a i ka myelosuppression hiki ke ho'ololi. Ma muli o ka lō'ihi o ke kaohi, ua'ike'ia he anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia a pancytopenia paha. Ma muli o kēia mau'ikepili, e hana'ia nā ho'ā'o'ana i ke koko i nā ma'i e pili ana i ke kahe'ana. Eia kekahi, ua kūpono kēia mau mea inā'o ka mea ma'i ke mo'olelo o ka myelosuppression a i'ole'o ia i nā lā'au e ho'oha'aha'a i ka nui o hemoglobin a me nā platelets a me kā lākou hana. Pono nō ho'i ka'ike o ka pili o ke koko no kahi lō'ihi o ka mālama'ana ('oi aku ma mua o 14 mau lā).

Kekahi e hoomanawanui i ka loaa ana linezopida hiki e ukali ma ka pilikia o ka colitis, pseudomembranous ano oʻano o ka umekaumaha.

Hiki i nā kānaka ke lawe i nā lā'au'alopelo i nā manawa pinepine. 'O ka lō'ihi o kēia hopena o ka hopena e hiki ke pi'i mai kahi ma'alahi a pa'akikī. Ke lawe iā Zivox, kahi pilikino a ho'oku'u paha, ua ho'opau'ia ka microflora kūikawā o ka'ōpū a ua pi'i ke kino o ka genst Clostridium. Ma ke ka'ina o kona ola, ho'opuka kēia microino i nā toxine o nā hui A a me B, a ke ho'onāukiuki nei lākou i ka diarrhea. 'O ka ho'onui'ana o ka helu o kēia mau pu'ukumu e hiki ai i ka make i nā ma'i. 'O nā mea ma'i a pau i loa'a i ka ma'i pēpē o kēia'ano, pono e nānā pono'ia e nā kauka no ka'elua mahina.

I kekahi mau kumu, aia kekahi pi'i'ana o ka hihi'o ke mālama'ia me Zivox. 'O nā'ōlelo a'o no ka ho'ohana'ana i nā keiki a me nā mākua e hō'ike ana i kahi loli hiki ke'ike'ia i nā lawai'a, e nānā i ka'ōpala, nā pōpilikia āpau, nā'ōpala. I kēia mau hihia, pono ka mea ma'i e kūkākūkā ikaika me kahi oculist. Inā lawe'ia kēia lā'au e ka mea ma'i no kahi lō'ihi ('oi aku ma mua o 3 mau mahina), a laila pono e ho'okō i ka nānā'ana me ka'ole. I ka'ike'ana a me ka ulu'ana o nā mea'ano like'ole e like me ke kikowaena o ke neuropathy ko'o'ole paha, e ho'opuka'ia ka nīnau e pili ana i ka ha'alele'ana i ka lā'au lā'au lā'au inā'a'ole ka pōmaika'i ma mua o ka hopena o ke olakino.

Aia kekahi mau'ano lactic acidosis me Zivoks. Hō'ike ia i ke'ano o ka nausea, ka lua'i'ana, ka waikiko maolea'ole ka emi'ana o nā aniona kalapona. Pono e nānā pono'ia kēia mea e kekahi kauka lā'au lapa'au.

Inā ke hoʻomanawanui i ka nele i loko o ka huipūʻana me ka "zyvox" e lawe e wae serotonin reuptake nā mea kūpale, ia E e ia ma lalo o 'inikua hooponopono ma ka mea e huai ae serotonin maʻi pale: i ka hemahema o ka cognitive hana, hyperreflexia, hyperpyrexia, a me ka incoordination. Ma ke alo o nā mea nui i ho'ākāka'ia, ua pa'a ka lā'au i nā lā'au a'elua. I kēia'ano,'ike'ia kahi'ike'ana o ka enamel niho, kahi i wehe'ia e ka ho'oma'ema'e'oihana.

Ho'okahi'ōlelo hou e lawe iā Zivox. Ho'ohālikelike ka ho'ohana'ana (nā papa a me nā kumulā'au no ka ho'omākaukau'ana i kahi ho'omaha -'a'ole ka'ohihi): i ka mālama'ana me ke linezolid,'a'ole ia e'ōlelo'ia e ho'okele i nā ka'a, e mālama i nā pono a me nā hana e pili ana i ke ola a me ke olakino.

He aha nā hopena o ka lā'au lapa'au?

Hiki i nā mea e hiki ke hana i ka mea ma'i ma ka lawe'ana iā Zivox 600 mg i ho'oka'awale'ia e like me ke alapine o ka hō'ike: mai kahi pinepine (10%) i ka laulā (0.01%).

'O ka mea ma'amau,'oiai he hopena'ao'ao i ka mālama'ana me ke kau lā'au "Zyvox" mau kuhikuhi no ka ho'ohana'ana, he hopena a he papa paha, e kāhea i ke'ano o ka pa'akikī a i'ole ke kūlana. 'O nā hi'ohi'ona e pili nei i kēia mau manawa:

• Nausea;
• 'O Diarrhea;
• He wāwae.

Hiki i nā mākua ke loa'a i ka pa'a, ka lua'i'ana, ka'eha o ka'ōpū, ka li'ili'i, a me ka ma'i kūpono o ka'aha waha.

No ka hō'eha'ole i nā hopena'ao'ao mai ka ho'ohana'ana i ka lā'au "Zyvox" a'o no ka ho'ohana (no nā keiki ma mua o 12 mau makahiki a me nā mākua) kāhea aku i nā loli i ke kala o ke aniani o ke alelo.

Ma muli o nā ho'ona'auao hale ho'okolohua, hiki ke ho'oholo'ia i ka wā e mālama'ia ai kēia mau'apa'au i loa'a mau'ia ka thrombocytopenia. 'Aʻole no laila, mau malama mahuahua i loko o ke koko pae o triglycerides,'āno'ē ho'ā hope o ke akepaa nā'ūhū Alt, AST, 'ākilikai phosphatase, LDH a me ka lipase a me ka amylase. Ua ho'onui'ia ka mālama'ana i ka nui o ka bilirubin, ka creatin a me ka prolactin.

Hiki i ka ma'i ma'i ke pane aku i ka lā'au lapa'au me linezolid. I ka manawa pinepine, ua hō'ike'ia kēia ma ke'ano o ka'āheu a me ka hele'ana, a me ka ho'onāukiuki. Hō'ike'ia ka hopena o nā hopena hopena o ka lā'au lapa'au he mau mea ia o ka ho'opi'i ka'ina.

Hiki ke ho'ololi i ka "Zyvox" (mau papa) i nā loli i ka hana ma'amau o ke kikowaena waena. Ke kuhikuhi nei ke kuhikuhi i kahi ma'i ma'amau ma'amau i nā ma'i i ka manawa o ka mālama'ana me kēia ho'omākaukau lā'au.

Ma ka hana'ana o ka pūnaha genitarianinary, ke kahakaha me ka ho'olālā o "Zyvox" hiki ke nānā'ia ma ke'ano o ka li'ili'i pili.

I ka manawa pinepine he mau'ike'ili o ka ho'omalu'ana me ke linezolid i ke'ano o ka palahalaha.

I waena o nā hopena o ka hopena, hiki ke kapa'ia he fiva a me ka ma'i kūpono kūpono, kahi e loa'a pinepine ai.

Eia kekahi, i ka nānā'ana iā Zivox, aia kekahi mau hihia e ho'onui'ia ke kahe'oko'a, ka'ume'ona a me ka momona.

I ka mālama'ana i nā ma'i mai ka 12 a 17 mau makahiki o nā po'e'ōpiopio, hiki ke'ike pinepine'ia kēia mau hi'ohi'ona makemake'ole:

• Ka wehewehe'ana, ka lua'i'ana, ka nee'a, ka'eha pūpū;
• 'O Vertigo, migraine;
• Hāme'a;
• 'O nā ma'i ma'i o ka'ōma'a hanu ki'eki'e, ka ma'i, pharyngitis;
• Pāhili;
• 'O ka'eha, he pa'akikī ke wehewehe'ana i ka localization.

'O ka phenomena hou, i'ike'ia me ke ala ala, hiki ke hana'ia paha:

• 'Eosinophilia;
• Ka ulu o nā triglycerides, ALT, ka creatin a me ka lipase;
• Pana.

I loko o ka ho'okolohua ho'okolohua, ua'ike'ia nā hopena o nā'ao'ao'ē a'e i kapa'ia Zyvox (solution a me nā papa). Eia kēia mau mea:

• Hiki ke ho'ololi i ka myelosuppression;
• Ho'omaopopo i ka neuropathy koho;
• Anaphylaxis;
• 'O Angioedema edema;
• Lactic acidosis;
• 'O ka neuropathy āpau;
• E ho'ololi i ke'ano o ka enamel niho;
• Ke Akua;
• Ho'onui'ia ka luhi;
• 'O ka ma'i Serotonin.

Pehea e ho'ohana ai'o Zivox me nā lā'au'ē a'e?

Ke ho'ohui'ia me ka isoenzymes cytochrome,'a'ohe ho'ololi i ka hana a ka mea hope.

Inā ho'ohui like'ia me nā mea hana pākahi a me monoamine oxidase, a laila ua ho'onui'ia ka hopena o ka hopena. Ma kēia kumu, e ho'emi'ia nā dosena o adrenomimetics a dopaminomimetics.

Me ke ka'ina o ka Zivox a me nā antidepressants e kāohi ai i ka hopu'ana o ke serotonin, hiki i ka ma'i serotonin ke hiki.

I ke'ano o ka ho'olālā concomitant me "Aztreonam" ai'ole "Gentamicin" pharmacokinetics o linezolid'a'ole i'ike'ia.

'O ka'ae'ana me ka "Rifampicin" e ho'onui i ka nui o ka "Zivoks" - hiki i 32%.

Kū'ē

'O ka lā'au lapa'au'a'ole ia e'āpono'ia no ka ho'ohana'ia'ana e nā ma'i me ka ho'onui'ana i ka'ike i ke po'o nui a i'ole nā papa hana'ē a'e e ho'okumu i kāna mele.

Inā lawe ka mea ma'i i ka phenelzine a i'ole isocarboxazide, a laila, hiki'ole ke lawe'ia ke linezolid i loko o kēia kaohi a'elua pule ma hope o ia.

Inā'a'ohe ala e ho'omalu ai i ke koko, a laila,'ae'ole'ia'o Zyvox no ka mālama'ana i nā ma'i me nā ma'i e hiki mai ana:

• 'O ka ha'ikai ha'aha'a;
• 'O kāu kīpona;
• Pheochromocytoma;
• A me ke kāwili like'ana me nā adrenomimetics a me dopaminomimetics.

Inā'a'ole hiki iā'oe ke nānā pono i nā po'e i loa'a i ka ma'i serotonin, "Zyvox" hiki'ole ke lawelawe'ia ma lalo o kēia'ano:

• Ka mana o nā ma'i kino;
• 'O ka ho'ohana'ana i nā lā'au lapa'au e kāohi ai i ka huki hou'ana o ka serotonin, nā antidepressants o nā'ano tricyclic, nā hopena, Miperedin a me Buspirone.

Ho'okomo'ia ka papa papa'o "Zyvoks" i nā keiki ma lalo o 12 mau makahiki ma muli o ka hiki'ole o ke koho'ana i kahi kau pono.

Ka lāʻau 'Ua hōʻike no ka lapaau ia na pomaikai i manao mai ia ma mua o ka pilikia i loko o ke kēia hihia.

• ʻaʻa puʻuwai a me ka hepatic insufficiency;
• systemic nā mea palahēhē;
• Hāpai keiki, a lactation.

Hiki ia i ka lāʻau overdose?

Ma lapaʻau haʻawina, e like me hou ana o ka la hoomalolo "zyvox" i loko o ka haukapila a kaiāulu-kuai noi overdose ia i 'akomi i. Ka wā keia ia lŘlŘ ka mea, ua pono symptomatic Inc.

Pūnaewele a me ka hoʻokuʻu

Uluwehi O "zyvox" i loaʻa i loko o keʻena kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau ma kuhikuhi. E mālamaʻoukou i ka mea, e ia ma ka wahi, kaupalenaʻia ona mau a me ka pololei Map i wela ole oi ma mua o 30˚C, no ka hoʻohāiki 'na keiki o ke kula.

analogs

Ma ka hihia o ka unacceptability o ka iapaau ana "zyvox" analogs o similarity iho me ka noʻonoʻo i ke hāʻawi i ka papa kuhikuhiE lapaau ole o ka hana waiwai:

• I ka pneumonia a me ka bronchitis - "Doxycycline hydrochloride" "Bronhorus" "Arlette".
• I ka bakteialnyh nā mea palahēhē - "Chloramphenicol 0,25 g.", "Vankomabol", "Lifakson".
• A me nā mea palahēhē o kaʻili - "Benzathine Benzylpenicillin", "Sulfadimetoksin".
• I ka nonhealing eha he - "Tsifaleksina paʻakai paakai", "Liphuzol".

E koi 'ia i loko o kēia papa e wale Kauka, no ka mea, kēlā lāʻau i kona nāʻikepili, contraindications, a oi loa aku hoi i ka hookipa.