Bergholz Olga Fedorovna: Kawaihae (pōkole)

Name Olgi Berggolts ike na kamaaina o ko kakou aina nui, o ka oi aku St. Petersburg. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ia mea,ʻaʻole pono ke Lūkini haku mele, ua mea he hōʻailona ola o ka hoʻopuniʻana o Leningrad. Nui au i, e hele ma keia wahine ikaika. ʻO kona pōkole Kawaihae e uhi nō i loko o ka pauku.

Wā kamaliʻi a me ka adolescence

Bergholz hanau Olga Fedorovna ka weuweu kupulau o 1910 ma St. Petersburg. Kona makua kāne i kekahi surgeon Fedor Hristoforovich. Olga no hoi i ka kaikaina, Mary. Ma hope o ka kipi ana o Bergholz, hoʻoneʻe i Uglich kaʻohana, no ka mea, ua unrest ma Petrograd. Ka makua kāne o kaʻohana i komo i loko o ke kaua. Mother Mary Timofeevna pu me kana mau kaikamahine oi ma mua o nā makahiki e noho ana i loko o ka mua hoailona o ka Epiphany. ʻO ka elemakule Olga mehana hoʻomanaʻo aʻela ia mau lā a me ka manao a me i ka mea haʻalele hoʻi i loko o Petrograd ma hope o ka hoi ana mai o kona makua kāne, mai ke kaua.

Bergholz noho ma ka lihi o ka Neva puka. I ka 1926 Olga puka 'o ia mai ka oihana kula. Ka makahiki mua, i loko o kekahi o ka palapala, ai 'ahahui halawai Boris Kornilov, ka haku mele, a me kona wā e hiki mai kane. Pu me ia, i aʻo ai ma ka Institute o Art History.

Ua Ua pili me Kornilov, kekahi o nā pōʻino nui o ka paakiki ola o ka haku mele. I ka 1928, ua mare lakou, ma ke kaikamahine Irina i hanau he mau mahina i ka hui. Ke kaikamahine i make ai i ka makahiki o ka ewalu makahiki, mai ka naau mai. Boris ia iho i loko o February 1938 pana aku la ia i ka pu-i 'āhewa' ana.

1930

Mai 1930, i aʻo ai ma ka Philology o Leningrad University. Au i hele i ka hana o Vladikavkaz, kahi aʻu i lilo kekahi hapa o ke kau a me ka Akuma ka, e hana ana i loko o ka nūpepa "Hana Lima Power".

I ka hookahi makahiki ia ua hemo paha B. Kornilov a mare Nikolay Molchanov. Olga Bergholz, ua piha Kawaihae me ka lono kaumaha hanana, a ola ia lua kane. He make i ka 1942 ma Leningrad mai ka pololi.

Ma hope o ka puka, me ka haawi aku e hele ai a hiki i aneea oneiaey, kahi āna i hana i loko o ka nūpepa "Soviet hehi" correspondent. Ma hope o ka hoʻiʻana i ka Leningrad a makahiki 1934, ua hana i loko o ka nūpepa "Electrosila".

I ka 1932 Olga a me Rotehama i ke kaikamahine, Maya, akā, e huli mai, e e lono kaumaha noho 'ana makuahine. I ka pēpē i make ai i ka makahiki ma hope.

I ka makahiki 1934 i ka haku mele i hoʻokomo 'ia ka mea kākau' Union, kahi kipaku kekahi mau manawa, a laila, hoʻihoʻi.

Ma December 1938, i hopu Berggolts Olga i 'āhewa' ana o ka loulou i ka poe enemi o na kanaka. I ka manawa o ka hopu ana i ua hapai. Akā, i i i hooki aku i kona poe kiai halepaahao, e hoʻomaka hoʻomāinoino '. ka pepehi ana ia a pau haku mele i loko o ka hale paʻahao haukapila ma hope hanau i ke keiki stillborn.

Eono mahina ma hope o kona hopu, ua hoʻokuʻuʻia a me ka maopopo rehabilitated.

I World War II

I ka 1940, ua komo i ka CPSU (b). Ka lono o ka hoʻomaka o ke kaua loaʻa Olga ma Leningrad. Ua kauoha koke aku la i ka kūloko lālā o ka mea kākau Union, a mohai aku la i ke kōkua. Ketlinskaya V., ke poo o ka Oihana, hoouna Berggolts Olgu ma ka Radio. Ma ke kaua i ka noho malie leo o ka haku mele mālama i loko o Leningradites eo uhane, kona mau poem e hooikaika ana.

Ka mea, ua ka epitome o ka mea paʻa Bergholz blockade. Ma November 1941, pu me kana kane i inoino mākaukau no ke piʻoloke, akā, make Molchanov a me Olga hoʻoholo e kaʻana i ka hopena o ke kanaka, noho iho ma Leningrad. Here Ua hanau mākou o kona maikaʻi hana. "Leningrad poem" Olgi Berggolts hoolaa i na defenders o ke kulanakauhale, a me kona poʻe e noho ana koa.

I ka hopena o 1942, oia ua hiki ke kipa Moscow. I ia mau lā, he haku mele desperately hala e pili ana i kona aina, a makemake hoʻi uhane. 'Aʻole maikaʻi i loko o ka palapala o ka welaʻai, bato a me nā mea hiki ole e hooki ia.

It Bergholz la o Olga Fedorovna o Leningrad i ka 1943. O ka euanelio e pili ana i ka uhai ana i ka blockade.

I ke kauwela o 1942 i ka haku mele i loaa mai i ka mekala "No ka mea Pale Kaua o Leningrad". Ma hope o ke kaua, ka mea i i kiʻi kālaiʻia kona mau hua'ōlelo ma ka māpala slab paipai manaʻo ilina: ". ... ole kekahi i hoopoinaia e, a hoʻopoina i kekahi mea ua"

Ka hope makahiki o kona ola

I ka 1949, ua mare i ke kolu o ka manawa. Olga lilo i waeia George Makogonenko, ka palapala, ai manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Ma hope o ke kaua, no ka haku mele hana ikaika, hele aku la ia ma ka hana alahele. Ma hope o ka huakaʻi no Sevastopol palapala iho la i ka pōʻino o ke "aloha".

I ka 1951, Berggolts Olga i i hookoia ka State lua o ka USSR. Awaawa Verses halawai I. V. Stalina make.

I ka 1962, ua hemo Makogonenko. , Ma ka mea, ua i wale na makahiki hope o kona ola. Nearby ua ia wale nō ke kaikuahine, Maria, nāna i kōkua i ka mea a pau a me ka manawa.

make

I make ai haku mele November 13, 1975. Bergholz Ua make ma ka makahiki o ka 65 makahiki.

Kanu i ka Volkov ilina, nae ka mea i initially? Oaony i ka pahu, e e lawe ia Piskarevskoe. He nui ka poe e noho ana i ole e holopono ana i ka olelo aku a hui hou i ka mea i aloha ai haku mele, like me ka obituary i pai ia ma ka nupepa wale i ka lā o kona kanuia'na.

Nā luna iʻoiaʻiʻo i loaʻa i kekahi hailona ana o kanaka ma ka halekupapau, makau iho la ia o ka olelo, no ka mea, kena ae nei i ka ino Bergholz. E like me ka hopena, ua i loaʻa ka mea a lākou i makemake ai. A olelo ana E. Serebrovskaya i Olga hiki ole ke ku no ka meanness, a me ka ikaika denunciations o nā moʻolelo a me nā haku mele. Granin, hoʻomanaʻo i ka lā o ke aloha a hiki i Bergholz, i mai la ia mea, ua hōhē wale hoʻolewa, kahi o ke kaumaha a me ka mahalo hoomanao ana o ka haku mele la wale huhu kona mau detractors.

hanaia'na

Ka mua poetic hana i paʻiʻia ma ka makahiki 1925. Initially, Olga Bergholz, Kawaihae Ua lono kaumaha, ka mea, hoʻonoho iho na keiki ka haku mele. Ua ua loaa hoolea mai Chukovsky.

War makahiki hoʻololi mea a pau i loko o kona ola ana. A i kona wa i ike ia iho, a hele aku la i loko o ka 'oihana akau. Olga Bergholz, poem e pili ana i ke kaua i haawi aku ka manaolana a me ka manaoio, ua lilo i ka hōʻailona o ka invincibility.

I waena o kona mau mea maikai na hana "February Diary", "Leningrad poem", "kela la i keia Star". Ma hope iho o ka make ana o ka haku mele i paʻi diaries, a mea o ka nui waiwai, a hoahu i ka hailona o ka hauʻoli, a ola Memories.