Bursa - i ka inoa o ke kula theological i ke kahiko lā, a ma o aku. hua'ōlelo manaʻo

Ka mua ka mea e hele mai ana e hoomanao i ka hoohiki ana o ka makahiki "bursa", he hana o "Viy" N. V. Gogolya, no ka mea, i ka papa kuhikuhiEʻano o kēia moʻolelo mea he seminarian Khoma Brutus, hoʻouna aku i ka hoomaha home o ka manawa. Ma na hana o keia mea kākau ia mea ua oleloia loa pinepine i ke kula (Andrei a me Ostap Bulba ua hoi seminarians). Ua lilo kēia mau haipule kula he ākea ma ke Ukraine (Lūkini aupuni a), a ma Poland. About Kulanui 'puka, a Kuprin i kākau a me Pomyalovski.

metamorphosisʻia

Ua haawiia i na kêia kanaka o ka makahiki, hele mai Roma, ka mea e e kaulana i loko o ka literal unuhi o ka hua'ōlelo "bursa" - he eke a me ka aa kala ole. A laila, ma ka Middle Ages ma lalo o kēia manaʻo hoʻohuʻu he huina pahu oihana o kekahi hoʻonaʻauao kula, hale mōneka, hui paha fraternity. Ke kiʻekiʻe, ka manawa i hoolilo kona waiwai i ke dala? Aaeno? Haipule kula, a laila, - iho i ke Kulanui 'o, a me ka hokele kaʻahele me ia. Aohe mea kahaha ko oukou naau ma ka oiaio i na kula a me na ia inoa muaʻikeʻia i loko o Farani, no ka mea, i ka 'ōlelo o kēia aupuni o kaʻena Lakina.

keʻena me ka piha maʻiʻo i hoʻolako 'ana i nā haumāna o kekahi kula kapa bursa, a me nā haumāna e noho ana i loko o laila, i kapaʻia ka seminarians, akā, i loko o French ia kani nui e like nani: bursarli paha bursiati. Ma Farani a hiki i ka hopena o ka XIX kenekulia Kulanui 'o ka mea, ua nui loa, he pono ole.

Ka loa kaulana Kulanui 'o ka Lūkini aupuni a pau

Ukraine a Poland ma ka bursa - he ua hōʻike hewa haipule kula, i mea ma Kiev, a lilo iho hope i loko o ka Theological Academy. Ma Kakow Kulanui 'Dlugosz ana a hiki i 1840. Ka luna Kiev-hoahanau kula a me ka hokele kaʻahele ia ka mea i hana ia ma ka Petro Mohyla, Kauhalenui o Kiev, Halych a me Rusia a pau i loko o ka XVII kenekulia.

Life ma ke Kulanui 'o ua i oluolu, no ka mea, ua hoakaka donationsʻano nui mai ka Cossack me ka ho okumu i hoomaka i ka pua i loko o ka XVII kenekulia. Like nae noa ka ai, ka lole a me ka hale noho, he nui ma mua o hiki ole no ia, hoomaka ae la seminarians e hoomakaukau handouts e ola. Kēia i hanaia e na haumana ana ia lakou iho. I kā lākou i hoʻolilo 'ia i kela makahiki, a ikaika aku koho pae ana o kanaka, ka poe i kaʻohiʻana i ka waiwai manawalea, a me ko lakou haawi aku. O lakou na prefects, secretaries a me nā kānaka kōkua. Me ka kūikawā puke Album kahu ʻaloʻana i ke kaiāulu e noi ana no ka manawalea.

Eia hou, i ka manawaleʻa iā nā haumāna i hana i kekahi Free i heluhelu rimmed lawelawe, staging a me ka hooko kapa hoʻolimalima i ka mea dala.

kumu hōʻailona

Ke kahua Ua hou i kekahi mau mea bursae haumana i ka XVIII kenekulia. No ka mea, Kauhalenui Arseny hai pa o Elisabeta, hele a hiki i ka hopena o seminarians. He hoomahuahua ae la lakou i ke dala i hoopuka ia ia, a unuhi i ka College o ka lāʻau 'ole i loko o ka pōhaku, ma laila ka hoʻomaikaʻi i nā kūlana o ka noho ana o seminarians. Aka fundraising seminarian i hope banned i ka 1786. ʻae nō hoʻi, ma laila i noho hanaʻino ana, a aʻo ma ke Kulanui 'waiho wale aku no.

Ma kekahi seminaries i ka ekolu-makahiki au o ke ao a me ka oi. A me ka rhetoric, akeakamai a me ka theology i? Anoee mōʻaukala, hana kemika a me ka makemakika. Akā, seminaries i hoakaka ia no na mamo a oi a emi affluent, oiai ka bursa hana au i ka poe ilihune, hoʻonaʻauao 'ana i oi aku 2 makahiki, a' oi aku ka waiwai o ka ike i ka palena haʻahaʻa. Ka mea, Kīwala'ō unsanitary a me ka lokoʻino oihana, na keiki i malnourished a ana ka hiamoe, mai i ke kamailio e pili ana i kii ia ke kohu kūpono hoʻonaʻauao. A pau i kēia ua pono no i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o "(essay) ma ke Kulanui' o" N. G. Pomyalovskogo. It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka puke i ka loa akea resonance i loko o ka lehulehu. Malia paha i ka ke kumu hoʻonaʻauao ua ole haawi i ka hoʻokolokolo pono ike haawiia i disparagingly bursa.

nā Hawaiʻi

Akā, i ke Kulanui 'o - mea ole wale a pau o ka luna. He aha nō kekahi aiee i loko o ka hāʻawi hua'ōlelo? Bursa - ka mea, o ka ha o ka nui loa kulanakauhale ma Tureke, aia ma ka akau-komohana o Antalya. Eia kekahi, he mea ka hua h ÷ ailona bursitis, i ku no ka "hooponopono mokuna mea hō'ā kaʻa a me ka pū waikaua". Me kēia mau ālai 'hiki ole ke hana nona iho mahu a me ka wai wela ieoaeunoai. Ua 'oi aku kalaka nui-akomi mea hoʻomaka ieoaeunoai, ka malama ana i ka makemake a me ka mahana puʻe, wahie lako a me nā hana. O ka papa, no kela a me keia hihia i ua hāʻawi iā ia wale nō manao BURS noaia.