Cephalosporins 4th hanauna papa. Antibiotics-cephalosporins 4th hanauna

Cephalosporins no i ka Hoʻokolohua-lactam ai '. Lakou poe i kekahi o ka mea nui loa papa o antibacterial ai '.

Overview

KŘpa a hou i manaoia cephalosporins 4th hanauna. Ku una ano ma keia pae mea i loaʻa. Ke koe ekolu i na poe ma ka mea o ka moʻolelo a me ka parenteral ana. Cephalosporins i kiʻekiʻe productivity a kŘpa a haahaa kaʻawahia. Manawa a hiki i kēia mea noho ma ke alakai kulana ma ke alapine (frequency) o ka pono i loko o ka lapaʻau hana o nā mea a pau antibacterial konohiki.

Nāʻikepili no ka hoʻohana no kēlā me kēia hanauna cephalosporins hilinaʻi ma luna o lākou pharmacokinetic waiwai a me ka antibacterial aayoaeuiinoe. Lapaʻauʻia i ka mall similarity i ka penicillin. Ua hoʻoholo i kaʻaʻahuʻano papa hana o antimicrobial loa, e like me keʻa-allergy i loko o kekahi mau hoʻomanawanui iki mai.

huahelu o ka ha awina

Cephalosporins i ka bactericidal hopena. Ua ua pili i ka 'aʻe' ho okumu i ka halepaahao paia o koʻohune. Mawaena o ka mua i ka hanauna ekolu, ka welelau o ia me ka nui loa hoʻolaulā i ka laulā o ka hana, a ka hōʻoi 'i ka antimicrobial ha awina ma Gram-io microbes me ka uuku hakumakuma kanawai ma gram-maikaʻi microorganisms. I ka kekahi mau no a pau Media waiwai loaʻa i ka wa e kaawale aku o ka nui hopena ma luna o ka enterococci a me kekahi'ē aʻe microbes.

He nui nā mea maʻi i hoihoi i loko, no ke aha la i, kuu 4th hanauna cephalosporins ma ka papa? Ka mea e mau ai 'i he kupaianaha hakakino' ole. Ia, aole ia e ae i ka hana nā mea hoʻohui e komo i ka 'ole o ka intestinal mucosa keena. No laila, i ka 4th hanauna cephalosporins ma ka papa mea,ʻaʻole i loaʻa. A pau i nā lāʻau i loko o kēia hui e papahana no parenteral hooponopono. Available i ka 4 hanauna o cephalosporins ma ampoules me ka'ūheheʻe.

4th hanauna cephalosporins

Ai 'ma keia pae i ia wale nō ma ka hoʻomalu. He He kŘpa a hou waeʻano o ka lāʻau. Cephalosporins 3, 4 hanauna i like ka laulā o ka loa. Ke koena unuhi o ka poʻeʻuʻukuʻaoʻao 'ole i loko o ka lua o ka hui. O ia hoʻi, "Cefepime", no kekahi laʻana, he helu o kiko'î a kokoke i ke kolu-hanauna ai '. Akā, ma muli o ia kekahi peculiarities ma ka Nine Inch 'ole, ka mea, i ka hiki e komo iloko ma ka pa mawaho o ka gram-io microorganisms. Ma keia hihia o ia hoʻi, "Cefepime" kŘpa a eii? E hydrolysis ma Hoʻokolohua-lactamases (chromosomal) C-papa. Nolaila, kaawale mai na ano auaneʻiʻoukou i 3rd hanauna cephalosporins ( 'o ia hoʻi "ceftriaxone" "Cefotaxime"), i ka lāʻau hōʻike mai nei kona hiʻona like:

• hopena ma microbial overproducing Hoʻokolohua-lactamases (chromosomal) C-papa;
• kiʻekiʻe ha awina e pili ana i ka 'ole-kaʻawaʻawaʻana microorganisms;
• he kiekie ae ia'ku e hydrolysis o Hoʻokolohua-lactamase hohola pae (i ka waiwai o keia hiʻona mea i maopopo loa a hiki i ka hopena).

Ingibitorzaschischennye lāʻau

Kēia pūʻulu nā kekahi lāʻau ' "Cefoperazone / Sulbactam". I e like me ka monosredstvom, hui medicament ua broadened pae o ka ha awina. Ka mea, e loli ai ka anaerobic microorganisms, i ka hapanui o ke kanana nei o Enterobacteriaceae, hiki ke Hoʻokolohua-lactamases.

Pharmacokinetics

Parenteral Cephalosporins 3, 4, hanauna o ka loa maikaʻi Komo 'ka wā lawelawe i loko o ka Muscle. Medicaments no ka moʻolelo aaieieno? Wehewehe aku ma ke omo kiʻekiʻe i loko o ka gastrointestinal'āpana. Bioavailability e hilinaʻi ma ka pakahi medicament. He ma ka laulā o 40-50% (no ka mea, ai ' "Cefixime", no ka laʻana) i 95% (no ka haawina "Cefaclor" "cefadroxil" "Cephalexin"). Moʻolelo omo o kekahi lapaʻauʻia ke 'ūlōlohi mai ana aiʻai ana. Akā, e like me ka lāʻau 'like "Cefuroxime ascetic" i omo hydrolyzed. More kokololio kala o ka hana ke keʻena ka wā e paipai 'ia ka ai.

4th hanauna cephalosporins e pono māhele ma na mea he nui nā'aʻaʻa a me nā loko (Ma waho aʻeo ka ka prostate), e like me kona wahi hilahila. At kiʻekiʻe lāʻau nā hoʻohui like i loaʻa i loko o synovial a me ka peritoneal, pericardial a me ka pleural fluids, iwi a me ka ili, palupalu'aʻaʻa, akepaa, Muscle, hakuʻala a me ia maʻiʻaʻai. Ke hiki e hele i ka BBB, a hana i ka pākōlea lehulehu i loko o CSF Ua oi ka hoʻopuka i loko o ke kolu-hanauna ai 'e like me "Ceftazidime" "ceftriaxone" like hoʻi me "Cefotaxime" a me ka' elele hā - 'o ia hoʻi "Cefepime".

Pūnao a me ka excretion

Ka hapanui o nā cephalosporins mea e malama i ka palaho. An koe ua noʻonoʻo i ka lapaau "cefotaxime". Ua biotransfomiruetsya ukali e ho okumu ana oʻeleu huahana. Excreted cephalosporins 4th hanauna, e like me ka pono me ka poeikohoia o ka 'ē aʻe,ʻano nui puʻupaʻa. I ka mae wale ana ma mimi i loaʻa kŘpa a kiʻekiʻe nā hoʻohui like.

Lapaʻauʻia "Cefoperazone" a me ka "Ceftriaxone" wehewehe aku ma ka papalua hoʻopau - ke ake a me nā puʻupaʻa. No ka hapanui o cephalosporins hapalua-ola mea i loko o kekahi ia, elua no hora. A hou manawa ua koi 'ia no na dala "ceftibuten," "Cefixime" (3-4 hola) like hoʻi me "Ceftriaxone" (8.5 hola). Kēia i mea e hiki ai, e hāʻawi aku iā lākou i kekahi manawa i ka lā. Ma nā mea maʻi me kaʻaʻa puʻuwai e hemahema, laʻau heluna o ka lapaʻauʻia pono e e? Ee.

ʻaoʻao waiwai

Antibiotics - cephalosporins 4th hanauna - i ka helu o ka io hopena, me:

• Allergy. Hoʻomanawanui iki mai i ka mahina erythema multiforme, poʻe noʻonoʻoʻole, urticaria, lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi, eosinophilia. ʻaoʻao 'ole o kēia waeʻano i nā anaphylactic kŰia, kuni, angioedema, bronchoconstriction.
• Hematologic reactions. Mawaena o ia mea i ka i ke 'oluʻolu Coombs, leucopenia, eosinophilia (uncommon), hemolytic anaemia, neutropenia.
• Nā aʻalolo kāna hana. Ma ka noi o kiekie nā māhele i nā mea maʻi me kaʻaʻa puʻuwai dysfunction malama convulsions.
• Ake: a mahuahua nui transaminases.
• Digestive kāna hana. Mawaena o ka hopena maikaʻi 'ole e loa, he pono ole diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis, ka luaʻi, a nausea,ʻeha i loko o ka abdomen. Ma ka hihia o ka wai a holoi a me ke koko hakina lāʻau kahuli.
• Local reactions. Mau nā infiltration a me soreness ma ke kahua o ka intramuscular ka pahu kui a me ka phlebitis me intravenous ka pahu kui.
• Other 'ole hoʻohikiʻia i loko o ka palapala o ka vaginal candidiasis a me ka moʻolelo.

Nāʻikepili a me contraindications

4th hanauna cephalosporins ia ka wā kaumaha nizkominalnyh kaʻoi loa nā mea palahēhē, kena ae la ia e multidrug-hoʻopale microflora. Mau nā empyema pleura, abscess i loko o ka akemāmā, pneumonia, septicemia, iwi a me ka olelo kāna hana. 4 hōʻike i ka hanauna cephalosporins nā mea palahēhē huikau ma ke 'ano i loko o ka urinary'āpana, e ku e neutropenia a me nā immunodeficient Hawaii. Laau ka mea,ʻaʻole ia i kanaka intolerance.

precautionary ana

I ana i ke kea-type allergy malama. Hoʻomanawanui iki mai intolerant o penicillin ia i like naoh i ka mua-hanauna cephalosporins. Keʻa allergy ka wā ana i ka lua a me ke kolu o waeʻano mea nawaliwali (i loko o 1-3% o ka hihia). Me ka mōʻaukala o koke type reactions (e laʻa me, anaphylactic hawewe , a urticaria), o ka mua o ka hanauna ai 'i ia me ka mālama nui. Ka hoomakaukau ana o na kēia mau waeʻano (oi loa aku hoi i ka ha) i lua pele.

Hāpai keiki, a lactation

pau i waeia Cephalosporins antenatal me kekahi hana kapu. Eia naʻe, kūpono kekahi lāʻau 'haʻawina ma luna o ka maluhia o na laau i i hana. Ma haʻahaʻa nā hoʻohui like o cephalosporins ke komo i loko o ka waiū. E kū'ē i ke kāʻei kua o ka lāʻau i lactation hoʻoneʻe 'ia paha e hoʻololi i ka intestinal microflora, candidiasis, ili poʻe noʻonoʻoʻole, sensitization o na keiki.

Pediatrics a me geriatrics

Ma ka noi o ke keiki, e paha hoʻonui i ka hapa-ola ma ke kāʻei kua o ka inhibition o kaʻaʻa puʻuwai excretion. I ka poʻeʻelemākule nā mea maʻi, he loli iʻaʻa puʻuwai hana, a no ia mea, i ka paha slowdown i ka wehe lapaʻauʻia. Kēia e koi hoʻoponopono kaapuni palapala noi a me ka laʻau heluna.

ʻaʻa puʻuwai dysfunction

Mai ka wehe 'ana o ka hapanui cephalosporins ia lŘlŘ kaʻaʻa puʻuwai'ōnaehana i loko o kaʻeleu palapala kuhikuhi ma, ka laʻau heluna regimen E e like, e noonoo i ke ano o ka meaola. Ma kiʻekiʻe nā māhele, o ka oi aku ma ka hui pu ana, me ka loop diuretics, aminoglycoside 'ole paha hanana nephrotoxic hopena.

ake dysfunction

ai 'kekahi e excreted i loko o ka bile, a no laila, e hoʻomanawanui iki mai e hoemi me ka loa akepaa mai ka laʻau heluna. Ma kēia mau hoʻomanawanui iki mai aia mea he kiʻekiʻe propensity no ka kahe ana ke koko a me ka gipoprotrombinemii i loko o ka palapala o ia hoʻi, "Cefoperazone". E like me ke kāohi ana paipai wikamina K.