Chronological papaʻaina o Pushkin. Ke ola a me ka hana ana o Pushkin

ʻike hoʻokumu Russian palapala, ai 'ano akamai A. S. Pushkina mea ai nui a me kona palena i ia mea hiki ole ke manao wale. Pōkole chronological papaʻaina o Pushkin, o ka papa, ke ole ka mea a pau he kupono. He ua noʻonoʻo pono i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o kēia Lūkini 'ōlelo. Novelist, haku mele, a me ka poʻe haku moʻoleloʻo playwright Pushkin aloha e heluhelu ma miliona o kanaka a puni ka honua. Pushkin ka manawa i lōʻihi hala. Akā,ʻo kona makakū hoʻoilina nō e ola ana i kona palapala, ai 'ola ma ke kahua, a ma ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, e hali ana i ka hohonu philosophical a poeticʻano, a wehe kēlā ma kona mau aoao, a hiki i pono a me ka uhane? Acaeoey a me ka hoʻonaʻauao aʻo, e like me.

lākou kūʻauhau Pushkin

E maopopo i ka makakū hihio a me lyrical naʻau i loko A. S. Pushkina, e pono mua nana i kona Kawaihae ana ia ia he loa ke kai a me ka hana hoihoi. Chronological papaʻaina o Pushkin (i kona ola a me ka hana) kekahi i ka puu o ka mea nui nā lā. Ma ka kŘpa a pōkole wā o ke ola laua mai ia ia, oia ua hiki i ka mau loa haʻalele i indelible hoomanao ana ia ia iho, ke aloha i kona make ole hana.

Nui-kupuna kāne o ka haku mele ua ia Aberama Petrovich Hannibal - Aitiopa negro, godfather a me Ka Hānai Ā Huhu Tsar Peter I, ka poe i lilo i mau kaulana o ka Lūkini koa, a me ka luna koa, lunaʻenehana.

Ua ua ike ia A. S. Pushkin mea he mamo o ka wa kahiko Ioanna Groznogo manawa maikai e akā, Hune ano. Sergey Lvovich Pushkin - ka makua o ka haku mele - ua he hoʻomaha Major, ka mea i mare i ka kaiāulu lede Hope Osipovna, Nee Hannibal. Ko laua mare ana i manaoia misalliance, e like me ka mea, i he nui na makahiki like.

Pushkin ka makuahine ua he nui-kaikamahine o kana kane, Sergeyu Lvovichu. Ka mea i mareia i ka 1796. Ko laua mare ana ua ikaika lawa. Ka mea,ʻewalu āna keiki, akā, elima o lakou i make ma kaʻuʻuku mai. Aia i wale Olga, Alexander a me ka Leo, ka mea i komo i loko o ka hoʻonaʻauao ua pinepine UAIAaIN ma na na kumu.

Noho 'ana kamaliʻi Pushkin, 1799-1811

Ke keiki, ka mea a lakou i kapa aku Alexander, i hānauʻia ma ka 1799, May 26 (hou 'alemanaka mai ka 6 June). Alaila, noho iho la ia ma Moscow kona mau makua, ma na alanui o ke Kelemānia i loko o ka hale Skvortsova. Ke keiki ulu kiʻekiʻe-uhane, a me ka playful, e aloha koʻu kupuna wahine iho, Gannibal Mariya Alekseevna, ma a ua make pinepine noho ihola i loko o ka suburban Zakharov. Ua lilo iho la ka mea mua loa e paʻa me kana moopuna ia e heluhelu, a kākau a me ka hai aku ia moʻolelo o ka 'ohana kaao. A lua o kona mau hoapili i kona mau punahele nanny, Arina. Ua luna o wā e hiki mai ano akamai uuku ke aloha Lūkini nā loina.

Kela manawa, makahiki eiwa Pushkin ua kama'āina me kona makuakane i ka hale waihona puke, a ua hoihoi i ka heluhelu ana i na hana o ke kaulana haku mele a me nā moʻolelo e like me Homer, Voltaire, Plutarch, a no laila, ma luna o. D. hooeueuia lakou e ka hana o Moliere, i palapala mai i kona poem mua i loko o Farani, ho'āʻo i kona i ole i hōʻike tālena ma Lūkini versification.

Lyceum, 1811-1817

Ma ka Akuma ka o 1811 Pushkin lākou i heluʻia i loko o ka oi aku ka hoʻonaʻauao kula, ka imperial Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum no na keiki a ke alii ko lakou. Heʻaneʻi i Pushkin hoʻokumuʻia kā lākou mau heluia, a me ka mau & okua ia, ka mea, ua hōʻike me he haku mele nui. Kona lyrical naʻau i loko fraught me ka pīhoihoi a me ka olioli. Ua hoomaka ma ka Lyceum hoolapalapa maoli poetic Pushkin ka ola.

kakau iho la oia ma kahi o 130 poem, a me "ka Window", "No ke hoa o ka haku mele", "Lumia", a me na mea e ae. Ka palapala 'ōlelo a me ke akahai o ka hōʻike Ka makamake nui o kona mau poem, mai ka hana o nā keiki Contemporary haku mele. Manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni VG Belinsky ia i ike ai i loko o ia i ka hana 'ana i o ka mua lahui haku mele. I loko nō o kona mau haʻawina ma ka Lyceum Pushkin i hoʻokomo ai i ka palapala, ai 'kaiapili "Arzamas", paʻiʻia ma ka "Russian Muzeum" Magazine, a hoomaka ae la i ka poem "Ruslan a me Lyudmila".

Pushkin a me Derzhavin, 1815

Pushkin chronological papaʻaina he kekahi mea hoihoi 'a me ka mea nui hanana no ka mea haku mele, aʻo ia e ke koke hoʻomanaʻo i loko o kona mau memoirs. I kekahi lā i loko o Ianuali 1815, ma ka Lyceum ma ka lehulehu hele loa kahiko i ka hōʻike i ua Derzhavin. Nā haumāna o ka Lyceum ua nui ko mākou hopohopo mua o ka hana ana. A lohe o Pushkin hele aku e heluhelu i kona poem "Memoirs ma Tsarskoye Selo" Derzhavin koke i loa Animated, kona mau maka'ōlino. Pushkin hele mai i ka wahi, a Shoes ka inoa o Derzhavin, i kona leo, kani ana mai, a ua hoomaka ae la kona naau e pouna. A i kona pau, Derzhavin ua hoihoi a me ka manawa makemake e apo aku i kekahi keiki e hāʻawi mai ai, akā, ua pakele Pushkin, a laila ka mea pono i ole i loaʻa.

I ke kauwela o 1817, ka lyceum haumāna kekahi, i ka hope loa me kŰia. Ka mea, E oiaio no e hoike ia ia kekahi mau kanaka kiʻekiʻe kula haumāna laila, komo i loko o ka Decembrist uprising i ka makahiki 1825. Ma hope iho o ke kala o ka biographical moʻolelo o Pushkin e ho onui ana i ka hou e huli mai, a me ka haku mele hoʻomaka he kupaianaha kuokoa ola.

Petersburg ola, 1817-1820

Koke waiho i ka Lyceum, Pushkin ma St. Petersburg ma hope, a komo aku la e lawelawe i loko o ka State College o ko na Aina e. Aia E e hoʻopiha i ka haku mele i ka ola ole wale leʻaleʻa a me ka nanea wale,ʻo ia e hoike i ka holumua ai aa koko o ka patriotism, ka lokomaikaʻi ike a me Hanalei Moon, a noho iho la ma ka manawa o ka aristocratic wa opiopio. He makemake kākau i kona kaulana ode "Liberty", ka poem "To Chaadaev", "ka Village" a me T. D. Pushkin ua lilo loa mahalo a me ka maikaʻi-ike kanaka ma ka naita ma koʻikoʻi a hanohano, i kona pili aupuni poem i makeʻe maoli hoihoi i waena o ka lehulehu. No keia mea, uku. Tsar Alexander I makemake e hoouna aku Pushkin i loko o ke pio i loko o Siberia. Akā, i ka uwao o Zhukovsky a me Karamzin hoola i ka wiwoʻole haku mele, mai kēia loa hoopai, a ua hoouna aku la ia e lawelawe i loko o ka Caucasus.

South loulou, 1820-1822

I muaʻo ia i noho ai i loko o ka Caucasus, alaila, hele aku la i ka Crimea, Kishinev, Odessa. Over na makahiki ma ka hema pio, i manaʻo ai i ka puu, a hana intensively ma na mea kaulana hana me "pio o ka Caucasus" a me "Ka Fountain o Bakhchisarai". I ka Ia manawa i kākau ai i ka parody o ka poem "Gabrieliad" pepehi hou i ka moʻolelo o ka euanelio Hemolele, ka mea a laila, e mihi no ke ola. Akā, laila, he'ōpiopio, a me ka wela, ka mea, ua nō loa mamao mai ia, e like me ia ma Chisinau hui i ka Masonic e moe ai.

Link ma St Michael, 1824-1825

No ka komo i loko o Freemasonry, a Alexander I kauoha ke kauoha aku pāpā i ka August 1, 1822, A. S. Pushkina hoouna aku ma lalo o ka hale hopu i kona ohana waiwai Mikhailovskoye kauhale e kokoke Pskov. Ma hope ua loli i ke awa a me ka walaʻau Odessa Pushkin ka ola, restless Lyrics ua loa kaumaha, a wili ihola ma laila. Wale nō lilo iho la i kona ola, a mālama fortitude. He lilo aneane elua makahiki. Nanny Arina ma na ahiahi hookipa ai i kona mau manao. Kona mehameha ola brightened mai, a me ka hele ana i ka hoalauna-landowner Praskovya Alexandrovna Osipova, i kona wahi i hookahi accidentally halawai Anna Kern, kona hope pauku i hoolaa ia "I hoomanao He kupanaha koke."

I Michael, hoomaka iho la no hoi oia e hana ma luna o ka mōʻaukala hana keaka "Boris Godunov", pinepine kipa i ka hale waihona puke Svyatogorsk Hemolele Dormition hoailona, kamailio pu ana me ka mōneka, huli hou ae la i kona mau manao a me ka uhane ola. Mai kona peni mai "Eugene Onegin" a me ka poem "ʻaeʻa". No laila, i ke pio hele makahiki Pushkin.

Wedding me Natalia Goncharova

Pushkin, i hoʻopalauʻia ia Goncharova, i puʻe wale e haʻalele i Boldin, e noho lākou'āina hoʻoili hihia, a me ka mea, he e noho malaila i na malama ekolu. Pakele mai gloomy manaʻo,ʻo ia hana paakiki a me ka hana o ka mea kaulana poʻe hoʻokalakupua kaao "Little pōʻino nui", "aoi o ka Late Ivana Vasilevicha Belkina", me ka i keia la ua hiki i kākauʻia e kekahi mea kākau o ka Kawaihae o Pushkin.

Chronological papa hoonoho iho la ia ma lalo nei, i uku nānā i ka nui, e hoike aku ana i loko o Moscow ma Pepeluali 1831, A. S. Pushkin a me Natalie Goncharova Pelekane. Marriage me ia ua no ia ia io ona, a lawe mai iā ia i nā pomaikai a me ke kaumaha. Kana wahine, ua ai maikai ia ia ka Kamehameha ole wale ke kahua wāhine, akā, i ka lani kiekie loa-kiʻekiʻe aliʻi.

Ka ohana o Pushkin eha mau keiki a pau. A laila hanaʻo ia ma ka pā hale o Tsar Rotehama I-keonimana o ke keʻena moe. Akā, i kēia ua i ka lalo o ka huakaʻi o ke aliʻi, ka mea i hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hanohano o ka haku mele. 'Aʻole lawa ke kālā, no laila, i ka ohana aie i e ulu ana, a me nā mea a pau i kēia hoʻonāwaliwali Pushkin. Iloko o keia manawa palapala iho la oia pōkole moʻolelo, "Ka Queen o lehu,", "ke keleawe hoʻoholo lio", ka puke "Dubrovsky", a hoʻopau, a i ole i manawa.

Ma hope o kekahi i kona haʻalele, hana paakiki ma ka moku'āina palapala, a makemake e kākau e pili ana i Pugachev, i ka mea "Contemporary" Magazine, kahi N. V. Gogol paiia, AI Turgenev, VA Zhukovsky, akā,ʻaʻole mea i hana ai ladyatsya.

Reuʻela,ʻo ia me ka Dantes

Pushkin a me kana wahine i nā Opletal pukapuka o ka hana malu a me ka alapahi, me hoʻohune opiopio Farani Dantes i ole ae o ka hooholo ia ana o Natalia Goncharova. A laila, Pushkin, e paku ana i ka hanohano o kana wahine, a me kona ohana, i wale puʻe wale akula kēlā iā Reuʻela,ʻo ia Dantes bout e paa ana ia January 27, 1837. Kēia Reuʻela,ʻo ia A. S. Pushkin i mortally eha. Ma hope o nā lā i loko o St. Petersburg, make aku la ia ia mai ke ola aches a me ka maʻiʻaʻai ana o ke koko, he mau minuke ma mua o kona makeʻana ma ka launa pu ana o ke Orthodox kahuna.

Pepeluali 6 1937, ua kanuʻiaʻo ia i loko o ka pā ilina o ka Uhane Dormition hoailona, a ua ke aupuni '5 km, mai ka ohana waiwai o ka haku mele, ke kauhale o Mikhailovskoye Pskov māhele.

Eia he wahine - he maikai, alohilohi, akā, loa pōkole - ola moʻolelo ma Pushkin, ka nui Lūkini haku mele. Ano, i ka wā hiki wale mihi i ka ai kakahiaka nui, a no laila, tragically i pau ai i kona ola.

Pōkole chronological papaʻaina o ke Pushkin ka ola

Life A. S. Pushkina ua dazzlingly olinolino, a paʻa kūhohonu loa. Akā, hauʻoli like ole me mākou makemake. Kēia chronological papaʻaina Pushkin kekahi mau wale kekahi hapaʻuʻuku o nā hanana i loaʻa iā ia, e hoomanawanui i ka haku mele nui.