Country Tureke. Tureke ka hoʻokele waiwai. Flag o Tureke - Hawaii photo

Ma ke Komohana Hema hapa o Asia i ka mea aina. Tureke (kauoha aku i kapaʻia ai ka Lepupalika o Tureke) i hana i ka 1923, ma hope o ka'opi o ka Ottoman aupuni a pau. Ke aupuni mō'ī Ua hoopau ia, a me ka wahi i lilo ai i ka lāhui kanaka-moku'āina me ka predominance o ka Turkish lāhui pūʻulu.

Ka hapa nui o ka aina ma ka nīnau mea i loko o ka Armenian Hawaii, a me ka Anatolian Peninsula, a me ka uuku - ma waena o ke Kaiwaenahonua, a me ka Black Sea (i loko o ka Balkans).

kokoke'āina

Pokole e wehewehe i na palena o Tureke. No laila, ma ka hikina o ka moku'āina pili i Azerbaijan a me'Ararata, ma ke komohana - i loko o Helene, ma ka hema - ia Iran, Iraq a me ko Suria. A me kahi i ka palena'ākau o Tureke? Map paipai i ka mea nae i hiki i ka Black Sea. Ke aupuni ua holoiʻia ekolu kai: ke Kaiwaenahonua, ka Marmara a me ka Aegean.

na puali koa

Tureke ka poʻe kaua ua poe ma ka lākou o ka poʻe hao wale, o kona manao mea e hoomalu i ke ku okoa ana, ia kenekoa pono a kuokoa o ka aina. Like o ka 2011 kona heluna kanaka ua 720 tausani. People. Eia hou, o ka moku'āina i ka helu o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa me ke koe o ka 90 tausani. O nā., Of a 38.000 nō i loko o ka pae mua o ka caiiaaaieea.

Turkish koa lāʻau hahau lā, ma ka pūʻali koa i mea nenoaiu. muli o koa hana au i ka ÷ eono a hiki i umikumamalima mahina. Kikoo makahiki - iwakalua makahiki. Ma hope o kona hookuuia, mai ka poe kaua, i ke kanaka i loko o ke kumukūʻai i ke kanaha-kumamalima makahiki. E like me ia i nā kānāwai, ma ka manawa o ke kaua hiki ke kapa ole wale i na kanaka 16-60 makahiki kahiko, akā, he wahine 20-46 makahiki.

Hana ana ana o ka puali koa ua lawe mai ma lalo o ke alakaʻiʻana o ke aliʻi General Staff, hoonoho ia e ka Peresidena. He subordinate luna o ka poʻe koa aina, me Mokukaua koa, ka gendarmerie, a me ka poʻe kiaʻi Coast.

Ka-yeiiiie?

Currently, i ke aupuni ua Kīwala'ō ma ka makeke ana. Tureke ka hoʻokele waiwai 'ua mau ke liberalized: privatized moku'āina pili, a wehe i hou nā manawa kūpono no ka haole nā kānaka hoʻopukapuka kālā i loko o ka wahi lulu kuai.

I ke kakahiaka nui he iwakalua-mua kenekulia, ua he waiwai ulia i loko o ke aupuni. Poe akamai i kapa ia ka heaviest no ka mea holoʻokoʻa wā o ka moku'āina o? Acaeoey i loko o nā kūlana o ka hulina liberalization. Penei, GDP i paa kumukūʻai haule ma 9,5%. Naʻe, i ka makahiki 2002 ka mea, e hoʻokele i ka hoihoi aneiai ulu. No ka laʻana, GNP kū aʻela ma ka 7.1%.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE aupuni i ka aie i ka World Bank a me ka IMF. Tureke ka hoʻokele waiwai ua mau wahie ma ka aie. No laila, pono, mai ka makahiki 2000 a hiki i 2005, i ka aina i loaa ia 30 ieeeea dala.

Aole emi malalo o ka iwakalua pakeneka o na kanaka e ola nei ma lalo o ka ilihune laina. Ka palena iki uku i ka 2013 ua like ia 405 Euro.

Ke aupuni o ka hana

ʻeleu hana ma luna o ke ana, a? anoe? o ka lole, metallurgy, meaʻai-aaioee, Nine Inch, 'enekinia, a me ka hoʻouku hana mālama' ia i loko o Tureke.

Oil? Iecaianoaaiiuo ma ka aina hiki ole ke lawa kūpono no ka lulu popilikia hokii. State-mea a hana, a me ke kākoʻo o ka haole kapikala e huli kiko'ī hana. Ka loa nui i loko o kēia e pili ana i ka aina o South-Hawaiian Anatolia. Aie i ka mea i hoʻokomo kālā i loko o ke aupuni 'loihi wahi, i ka lilo o ke amo a me ka? Iecaianoaaiiie e mau e māhuahua.

Ke aupuni mea he nui mea hoʻolilo o ka chrome na mea i eliia. Eia kekahi,? Iecaianoaaiiie ua i ke keleawe, tungsten, uranium, a me manganese i eliia, o Hereme, luaipele, borates, ke gula a me ke kala.

Pepeiaohao nui hoʻomaka koke ka ulu ' uila no hana ma Tureke. No laila, i ke aupuni i hoʻokumu i ka nui? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka Radio, kīwī a me ka kelepona pono, kamepiula 'ē aʻe, a he nui loa nā manaʻo. Ke alakai wahi i waena o hoʻolilo huahana noho uila ana wela.

Ka pili aupuni kulana home 'ole

Currently, ma ka Arena pili aupuni o ka aina hiki ke ike huali, a loa hōʻeuʻeu kaʻina o ka paio ma waena o imi i ka noho ma ka Hoʻohakuʻoihana o na aoao elua. AIM a pau o lakou e loaaʻi i ka pono, e hooholo i ka maʻi lele o kona haole a me ka wahi luluʻikepili.

Hoikehonua, ke kaiāulu kanaka, o ka Turkish ku hohonu ideological rethinking hoʻoilina, a i haʻalele Kemal Ataturk - i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā a me ka mua pelekikena o ka repubalika. Nā'ōpū, i loko o nā lima o nā lālā o ka noho aliʻi Lunakanawai a me Development Party (AKP). Ka mea, kū ma luna o ka 'ohana ka palekana o Islamic kumu, a e ka hoʻoponopono' ana i ka na a me kuwaho. Lākou ka papa kuhikuhiE ka loaʻaʻana i nā kēia mau aoao elua: ka Republican People (wahi adherence i na loina o Kemal Ataturk) a me ka Nationalist hana Party (alai ae ma kekahi Devlet Bahçeli).

Tureke ka pilikino E pili (nā kūloko ma, a mawaho) mea increasingly hoihoi i loko o ke ao nei kaiāulu. Ke kumu o ka mea i ka Moku'āina e ho onui ana kaumaha i loko o ka International Arena, a mai kaʻeleu aneiai kūlana.

Turkish Peresidena

Ano, o ka aina ua luna Dzhumuh Abdullah Gul. He He He Kauka no Economic Sciences. Gul hoao ana ia ia iho me ka holomua a me ka diplomat politician. He hana ka maiau, pela koke alakaʻi i ka paʻa hoʻololi 'ia o nā lawelawe a me ka pili aupuni lewa. Ma August 28, 2007 Gul - koho pelekikena o Tureke. Ano, i ke aupuni o ka makaukau no ka hou ke koho ia e paa August 10, 2014.

State hōʻailona

Maoli ai, kona hae, höʻailona a me ka mele, a mai keia ua pń aupuni. Tureke mea he ulaula hae me ka crescent a me ka hoku i nā hōʻailona o ka Hoʻomana Mohameka. I ka moolelo o ka muli o ka hae mea,ʻaʻole kekahiʻano. Na wale indisputable oiaio o ia ka'āina hoʻoili no hōʻailona o ka Ottoman aupuni a pau, a ua ka waihoʻoluʻu o ke ulaula mai. Ka hoku muaʻikeʻia ma luna o ka hae wale nō i loko o ka kakahiaka umikumamaiwa kenekulia. Mua, ia poe me ka ehiku a ewalu welau. A pehea ka Turkish hae nana e like manawa? Photos i hōʻike 'ia ma kaʻulaʻula me ka elima-kuhikuhi mai la lakou hoku a me ka crescent. He noteworthy i koke ma mua o ka'opi o ka Ottoman aupuni a pau, hoku ma ka hae, he ekolu. Ua 'āpono' Hoikehonua, hoʻokolohua i ka 1923. Heʻumikumamākolu nā makahiki ma hope kauoha aku hookupaa iho la ia i ka lākiō o ka 2: 3.

Tureke kapa o na mea kaua, a hiki i ke kakahiaka nui iwakālua kenekulia i na poe ma ke kaiapili omaomao, a me ka mahina ma luna o ke kāʻei kua o ka hoku. Ma lalo o ka la mahope mai o ka pale kaua hoʻonaniʻia i ke gula mahina a me ka hoku, e like me kau Suletana headgear - pāpale. Ma na aoao elua o ke kapa ana o na mea kaua, he mau hae. Kekahi o ia mau mea -ʻulaʻula (ka Ottoman mamo aliʻi), ka mea 'ē aʻe - uliuli (Hoʻomana Mohameka). Eia hou, i ke kapa ana o na mea kaua depicted Nā Kia aupuni a pau o koʻu mau i loko o ke kaua.

Like no ka mea i hiki mai-lā Tureke, ka kūhelu moku'āina höʻailona, keiki, he ole. Aka, ka mea, ua loa pinepine hoʻohana i ka höʻailona o - heʻulaʻula ka'ololaha me hoʻopapakū hoonohonoho keʻokeʻo crescent a me ka 'oihana. Kēia hōʻailona ua complemented ma ka inoa kūhelu o ke aupuni i kākau i loko o Turkish.

Like no ke mele noa i ka ' "Istiklal Marsi" ( "Independence March"), ka mea i kauoha aku ike me kekahi aupuni i ka 1921. Words i kākauʻia e ka haku mele Mehmet Akif Ersoy. Initially, i ke kumu o ka puolo ua Ali Rifat Kagatay. Kona keʻoli Ua hoʻohana 'ia no ewalu makahiki. hope mele Ua hoʻololi. Currently, i ka hana ana o ka Himeni Melody Zeki Ungor - alakaʻi mele o ke koho pelekikena Symphony Orchestra.

Ke symbolism Ua kaumaha loa koʻi kaua poe kanaka. Ua Ua ke aupuni 'ole wale i loko o ka paulele i ka hoʻomana a me ka lehulehu hui, akā, i loko o nā hale o nā makaainana.

kanawai

E hele ana ma ka hoomaha, e paa i ka ninau aku, nā mea i loko o hua'ōlelo o nā kapu pāpā, a pela anao? Aou keia aupuni. Tureke - he aina hoʻokipa, akā, i ke kānāwai o kekahi no ka mea a pau. No ka laʻana, nei banned pūnuku puhi i ka lehulehu wahi, a amo (a hiki i loko o ke kaʻa'ōhua,ʻaʻole e hōʻike i nā nā kaʻa'ōhua). No ka 'aʻe' ana o keia rula, e e fined i loko o ka nui o kanaono-elua Turkish liras (ma kahi o kanakolu dala).

Tureke mau kānāwai a me ka mahalo i ka pūnaewele, amo a me ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka ai' ka loa ikaika. No laila, no ka 'aʻe' ana i nā manaʻo pāpā o hiki ke lolouila hope kī no ka wā o ka eha i ka iwakalua-kumamaha makahiki.

'Aʻole i' ae 'ia mea hoʻolilo mai i ka aina antiques. Ke kumu nui weliweli no ka maʻamau iauaeoia oo? Ecia mea i kēia manaʻo mea he pālahalaha. Pehea e hoʻopale '? Ua ua pono ole, e laweʻo ia i ka mea uuku ikamu i ka hulikoehana iaua ieiuaaee, a kuai souvenirs wale nō i loko o ka mana wahi. Kuai ana o kekahi o ia huahana e e ukali ma ka issuance o ka mea pili palapala. Available pepa, e pono e hōʻike mokuna luna aupuni o ka wā e waiho ana i ka aina. No palapala Ua kū i ka mai a hiki i ka umi makahiki paʻahao, ka haoʻana o ka poe noonoo ole mea,ʻaʻole lawa.

Ma ka hewa i loko o Tureke equated kūamuamu i ka aina hae, hanaʻino i ka kūloko dala a me ka disrespect i nā kiʻi o ka aina i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk.

Na wahi a pau au e, oe i koi 'ia e halihali Hawaii photo' ike. Makau no ka maluhia o nā palapala ua hala loa maopopo, nolaila, e ae i ka hoike, no ka laʻana, mea ole ka palapala holo'āina'ē a me kona photocopy.

Mua photographing i nā kanaka, e loaʻa i ka i aeia mai e hana pela. i ke aupuni o ka kanawai, aole ia e hooponopono ana i ka hoʻomākaukau aku, akā, e uhai i ka rula e ole e hookupaaia na kenekulia. Ua UaʻAʻole pono ke wehe i nā wāwae a me nā poʻohiwi.

Mau mooolelo a me na aoao

I loko nō o ka mea i Rusia a me Tureke e geographically aia kokoke i kekahi i kekahi, ma waena o ka hana 'ike loea o kēia mau'āina i ka lua. Ke'ī mai, ka mea uie kekahi hapanui hewahewa o ka kūloko heluna (ole e emi malalo o kanawalu hapahaneri) Muslim. Kēia moʻomeheu ua literally paʻa kūhohonu loa na kēia lākiō o ke ola. Hoomana Ho'ākāka 'ka hiʻona o ka maʻamau o ke ola a me ka launa pu.

Ka mua mea i haohao haole iauaeoia oo? Ecia, ka mea i kahalalo 'politeness palapala. Kauai nō paʻa kuʻuna manao ma ka hōʻike o ka heluia, o ka mahalo i ka 'ē aʻe. Oe, eʻoiaʻiʻo nō e hoʻolohe mai ma o ka helu wahi hailona o compliments, a me ka maikaʻi pane iā ia i loko o hoʻi, mai skimp ma luna o ka mea olelo.

Turkish mare laua i ka aoao, heʻe piʻoloke ihola nā malihini o kona hanohano a me kaʻahaʻaina. Oihana ai pili aku mau aloha naau, e oiaio no pu ma ka courtship a me ka betrothal. Ma keia hookahakaha mau mea ma ka liʻiliʻi loa i kekahi mau lā. Kekahi mooolelo kahiko, ua hahai hou o Tureke a hiki i kēia manawa. Iwaena o lakou i "ka Night o Henna" (uhi wahine mare i ka lima me nā lauana kupanaha, ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka HW henna) a me "puupaa kāʻei" (i ka makua kāne o ka wahine k kuah he luna mare lole ulaula lipine).

Aole ka Turkish Holiday ole e noonoo ai i na ole o ka rhythmic neʻe ma ke kānāwai aupuni Melodies. Eia naʻe, loaʻa nō nā tausani oi ma mua oʻano likeʻole o ka hula. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka aina, i ka mea okoa, a me nā costumes, a me ka choreography a me ka pāpana.

moʻomeheu

E hoomanao i wahi, e like me moʻokalaleo, kuhikuhipuʻuone, keaka, mele, punaewele a me ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni.

Nā aʻa o Turkish moʻokalaleo hele hoʻi e kahiko. Ke'ī mai, ka mea mua pololei i hana ia mau hana ua pau i ka hanaia 'na Ahmeda Fariha,ʻikeʻia i loko o kaʻumikumamākolu kenekulia. 'Aʻole surprisingly, ka Ottoman moʻokalaleoʻano haipule ano, a adherence i nā koi o ka Hoʻomana Mohameka. Ke noiʻi e hoailona oukou i kona kūpono 'ana i ka manawa nui i alakaʻi ai i ka mooolelo o Apapika a me Peresia moʻokalaleo.

He Heʻoiaʻiʻo kū hoʻokahi 'ano moʻokalaleo o ka' aha hoʻokolokolo poetry o ka wā o ka Ottoman aupuni a pau. Mawaena o na ano hiʻona o Turkish Hawaiʻi kaʻawale hoolaʻi mooolelo. Oi loa ma keia manao, e hoailona oukou i ka manao o Nasreddin Hodja a me'ōlohe wiwo epos (nā hōʻike waha, a ma ke kākau 'ana). Like no ka mea ke kālā no Turkish moʻokalaleo, ka mea e hoʻomōhala ana i lalo o ka aoao o ke komohana.

kuhikuhipuʻuone

I ka moolelo o Turkish kuhikuhipuʻuone ua maheleia i ekolu manawa: Seljuk (XII-XIII CC.), Ottoman (XIV-XIX kenekulia.) A o kēia au. Ma ka moolelo o ka kūkulu hale i ka manawa i alakaʻi ai i ka kuhikuhipuʻuone o Iran, Byzantium a me Aigupita. Ma keia manawa i ka papa kuhikuhiE hiʻona o ka Turkish kaila e pono io a me ka functionality. Ka hapa nui o ka mea i kūkuluʻia i loko o ke kaila o ka modernism hale. Mawaena o na Mamua o ke kula kēia o ke kuhikuhipuʻuone līkaia Clemens Holtsmayera Sedat Onat a me Hakim Eldema.

i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni

Ma kaʻumikumamāono kenekulia i ka poʻe e noho lā ma ka Ottoman aupuni a aʻo i ka hale kiaka o ke aka. Kēia holoholona hihiu, Ua loaa ia, alahula mau hiʻona. Ma ka hana keaka i hoʻohana ole wale dolls a me puppets, akā, i kaʻikena a me ka hana 'ole ka malamalama. A pau o kēia mau kiʻina hana ae e hana i ka illusion i ke kahua a puni ka multidimensional. Mai e hoʻomōhala ana i ka hapalua like-umikumamaiwa kenekulia hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni i ka hulina ole o Western moʻomeheu. I ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka Turkish hana keaka manaoio Ibrahim Şinasi a me ka hana keaka - Güllü Agop.

mele

Nā kêia kanaka a he wahine a neia e e loaʻa i loko o ka kakahiaka Middle Ages, i ka wa a ka Seljuk o Tureke, E neʻe i mai Central Asia, ke kanaka i ka Peninsula. Maoli ai, i ka panalāʻau e noho hou o ka moʻomeheu, e kū'ē i ka Armenian a me ka Helene. A ano hiʻona o na mooolelo wahine o ia manawa i ka pentatonic me ka unahiʻole - he kūikawā pyatistupennaya wā mawaena nenoaiu. All kani ka mea hiki ke kai piha ma luna o ka upena quanta a / a quarts.

I ka wā o ka Ottoman aupuni a pau ka mea i hana i ka hou 'ano moʻokalaleo Ke - ka oihana koa orchestral mele, me na mea he nui Hiking aʻano pākīkē kai eʻe. Hoikehonua, mele moʻomeheu o Tureke mea ma lalo o ka aoao o ke Komohana. Penei, ui kanaka i pololei ai kaulana pohaku a me ka pukaaniani me pono me Jazz. He nui Turkish meleʻikeʻia ma waho o ka'āina, i waena o lākou ka oi aku līkaia Mustafa Ohana, lima Yener, Tarkan a me Sertab Serdar Ortaç Ernera.

World ākea pūnaewele puni honua

I ka laha ana o ka Internet pâʻani 'o ia i ke kūlana nui i loko o ka nohona kuʻuna o ke aupuni. Ke'ī mai, ka heluna o nā kauhale, a me na kauhale outlying'āina i komo i ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ike a me ka lealea. Ma na kahua e hiki ke loaʻa hana o Turkish moʻolelo a me nā haku mele, nupepa no hoi i ko lakou mau uila waiwai. I ka helu o ka Internet mea hoʻohana ma o ka hopeʻumi makahiki i ulu ma ka 10 manawa. Currently, na nā papaha o ka World ākea Web mea 26,5 miliona Kauai.

honua hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni

About cinematography i ke kālā no Tureke iʻikeʻia a hiki mua o ka'opi o ka Ottoman aupuni a pau. No laila, i hooku iho la ia i ka lohe ana i ka mua Documentary ho film i ka 1914. Kona mea kākau - Fuat Uzyknay. Ka pōkole Film hōʻike kokoke ka make ana o ke kia hoʻomanaʻo, hoʻouka kekahi ma ka suburb o Constantinople i ka hanohano o ka San Stefano maluhia Kuikahi. Pana i ka mua hiʻona ho film ( "The Marriage o Himmeta Aga") Ua pau i ka 1918.

Currently, ka mea hiki ke ua kūkākūkāʻia ia Tureke i pomaikai ae la lakou i ole wale hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni akā, i loko o ke kīwī kahua. EYI ua loaʻa i loko o kēia moku'āina, ua nui mahalo a me kela aoao.

Local ai

I ka oi hana hoihoi i ke aupuni i loko o nīnau? Tureke pepehi mākaʻikaʻi ma hana culinary loina, a me nā mea a pau no ka mea, i ke kaʻina hana o ka sayings ma kekahi mau manawa i alakaʻi ai a me Kauai, Armenians, Helene, Arabia a me ka Italians.

Ua kaulana loa i nā kīʻaha - kababpchis a me shish-kebab (bipi kāne ma luna o ke kuha). Eia hou kekahi, Tureke ka nui mahalo Pizza. An integral ke keʻena o na mea he nui kona mau kīʻaha ka aila oliva. Special lapaau mai na na kamaaina i little man a me ka mea ala. Nō kāu, ua piha o nā kukui a me ka hua mau liʻiliʻi. I waena o nā mea inu kuhikuhi hoʻokuʻu akula Turkish kope. No emi kaulana o kī, ka waina a me ka brandy (hua waina brandy me ka anetoʻono).

ka hopena

Tureke - he kupaianaha aina me ka pilikia mōʻaukala. Ua,ʻo miliona o ka huakaʻi, a mau hoaaloha o ke kahiko. A pau no ka mea, o ka mea kū hoʻokahi? Aaoeiiiiai kumu waiwai, a me ka lehulehu mōʻaukala hoʻopunipuni.