Turbellarians: 'ano a me ka ano o ka papa. ka Poeikohoia turbellarians

Turbellaria ole turbellarians (Turbellaria) e pili ana i ke aupuni o ka holoholona, 'ano flatworms, oi ma mua o 3500? Ueo. Ka hapa nui o ia noa-ola, akā, kekahi? Ueo e parasites i noho i loko o ke kino o ke kaua. Size o kanaka oko ma ka kaianoho koholā a me ka ai anaʻano. Kekahi ilo hiki wale ke ike ma lalo o ka microscope, 'ē aʻe kau i ka lōʻihi o ka oi mamua o 40 knm.

Parasites e kokoke pau lala o ke 'ano o flatworms. Ciliated ilo - ka wale papa i nā 'ano apau loa o ka' elele e noho ana i loko o ka papa, akā, o ka Moana.

Ilo Hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ka paakai a me ka wai, i loko o nā hua lepo, ma lalo o nā pōhaku, kokoke i ke kahakai o ka muliwai, a ic ??. Kekahi e ola nei ma luna o ka ili o ka honua, ka mea'ē aʻe ma lalo ia. Ke mau laha 'noho i loko o ka poʻe koa o ka kinoʻilikai, i he parasite, akā, me ka ma o na la i kekahi poino no ia. Ua oi aku ka nui a me ka nui poeikohoia o ka papa i ka planarian, i hele mai i loko o nā'ēheu kēia'ēheu o nā waihoʻoluʻu (mai kaʻeleʻele, a keʻokeʻo i ka mea eleele a me ka uliuli).

Description helehelena turbellarians

Class ciliated ilo no laila, i kapaʻia no ka mea, a pau o ko ka ilo ka kino ua uhiia me ka moku cilia, hoomaopopo ana i ka holoholona a me ka hele ana o na holoholona liʻiliʻi i loko o ka lewa. E neʻe ciliated ilo 'auʻau' ole crawling e like me ka nahesa. Animal Kino kinona flattened, ka'ololaha a iki elongated.

E like me nā lālā a pau o ka flatworm, kā lākou kino 'aʻole ole i ka mea maloko lua. He bilaterally symmetrical meaola me hoonohonoho mamua makaukau a me ka waha ma peritoneal aoao o ke kino.

Features ciliary uhi

Ciliary epithelium mea a mau ano:

• me ka maopopo kaawale mai kekahi i kekahi cilia;
• me fused cilia i loko o kekahi cytoplasmic, ahu iho.

Cilia i ole nā lālā o ka papa o flatworms. Ciliated mea ilo ma lalo o ka epithelial, ahu iho o kaʻili gland secretion. Mucus hookuu, mai ke alo mai o ke kino, e kokua i ka ilo i pili, a paʻa ma luna o ka kūpapakū luna, e like me oni ana a puni me losing koena.

Ma na kihi o ka ilo kino i unicellular glands pee mucus me kaʻawahia waiwai. Kēia mucus He Heʻano o ka hoomalu ana o ka holoholona, mai ka nui Moana'ē aʻe (e like iʻa).

Ciliated ilo ma manawa, e like me ka mea he ohule, losing na apana o ka epithelium e kohu molting holoholona.

Ka 'ole o ka ili-muscular sac

'Ole turbellarians e like' ole o ka flatworms. Muscular kino ano o ka ili-muscular eke ninoieo o ekolu mau papa o ka olona,:

• annular, ahu iho aia ma ka waho ili o ke kino;
• diagonal, ahu iho o kona mau olona, i ma ka huina;
• he lonikū lalo, ahu iho.

Hoemi, Muscle hōʻoia 'ka poe ola, ka hele a hoopahee auanei ka oi loa aku hoi nui specimens.

alimentary kahua

ka mea, i maopopo e holo ana i kekahi mau elele turbellarians ka naʻau liʻiliʻi, a ua beskishechnyh. 'Ē aʻe i digestive nā loko i na poe ma ka pau nenoaiie o ka manamana ai auwai a, haawi aku māhuaola i nā māhele o ke kino. Ua na naau oʻu me nā hale okoa pūʻulu turbellarians. Ma waho aʻeo beskishechnyh (hanau konvolyut) kaʻana like 'ana turbellarians:

• rectal (mesostom);
• vetvistokishechnyh (lactic Planaria trikladidy).

Roth kanaka me ka ai manamana liʻiliʻi ua aia kokoke i ka hope o ke kino, ma rectal - i ka mua. Ka waha ua hui pu ia ka ilo puu, i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka puka i loko o ka makapo liʻiliʻi lala.

Class ciliated ilo pharyngeal gland mea kuleana no ka mea mawaho (mawaho o ke kino) digestion.

e auaaeaiea'ōnaehana

Excretory'ōnaehana ua poe ma ka ai iiiaanoaa o ili ma ka hapa hope o ka holoholona kino, ma i ma kūikawā auwai a kipaku hua'ōlelo i makemake 'ona. Ke olonā i kaha i pili i kekahi paha mau papa kuhikuhiE e pili ana i ka naʻau liʻiliʻi.

Ka wā intestinal nele o ke koho (excreta) loaa ma ka ili o ka ili i ka kūikawā keena a ma hope e hoopiha mai ana i eliminated maluhia.

ko mākou hopohopo kahua

Turbellaria hiʻona nā oko ao i loko o ka 'ole o ka'emi ko kahua. Ma kekahi mauʻano o ka mea ulana pukapuka, ka mea, ua poe ma ka liʻiliʻi nā aʻalolo a hāʻule pahū (ganglion) i loko o ka mua loa o ke kino.

No ka 'ē aʻe, ka mea, i mai i ka 8 hui o nā aʻalolo nui ilpko o me ka hailona o neuronal ai manamana ai.

i ulu ke ano nā loko, i na mea paa cilia i kuleana no tactile kuleana pili i. Kekahi kanaka i ke ano o ke koena i nā kuleana o ka kūikawā kino statocyst hōʻike i loko o ka palapala o ka subcutaneous Oe a lua.

Ka pokole o ka neʻe 'ana a me keʻano ukiuki o hana ia lŘlŘ mawaho ma sensilla - immobilized ciliary kino ma luna o kaʻili kai holoʻokoʻa.

Ma ke alo o nā ilo hana statocyst pili ia ortogon - lolo'ōnaehana puka olu oia i-type kaha.

E hoʻomōhala ana i hoohalike o ka honi a me ka maka

Turbellarians he olfactory nā loko, i hula kūlana nui i loko o kona ola me ka Moana. He mahalo ia ia turbellarians loaʻa ai. Ma ka aoao o ka mea mua a me ka hope welau o ke kino i hoonohonoho lua i nā kuleana no ka hoololiia ana o ka lepa, mai ka mawaho a me nā lātoma honi waiwai ma ka lolo hui,.

Ilo e mai i ka hihio, akā, he mea he mea mahuʻi kekahi nui loa honua? Ueo e hiki ke visually maopopo mea e, ka mea i hana i ka maka aniani. Oiai o ka maka, a ma ka hapanui hihia kekahi mau na umi o ka hui kaulua a me ka unpaired maka aia ma ka ilo i loko o ka'āina o ka cerebral ganglia ma ka mua ili o ke kino.

Light luku ana i ka 'ikepili koʻikoʻi retinal pilikia makapō keena ma concave'āpana maka hoʻonāukiukiʻana mai o neaiae hanauna, a ua haawi aku i ka lolo no Ka Ikepili ma nā aʻalolo a hāʻule pahū wale. Retinal aeee i ano o ka optic nā aʻalolo i hoouna mai 'ike ai i ka cerebral ganglia.

ha holoholona

Class ano ciliated ilo mea okoa, mai ke 'ano o ka flatworm noa-ola kanaka mea e hiki ke ka hoʻokemu oxygen ma - i ka hanu. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ka hapanui flatworms - anaerobes, i mea, e noho ana i loko o ka oxygen ma-ole 'ia o ke kino.

Hanu mea nui, a ia lŘlŘ ma ka holoʻokoʻa kino 'ilikai e absorbs oxygen ma' ana mai o ka wai ma ka ai iiiaanoaa o microscopic ili.

Power turbellarians

Ka hapa nui o kēia mau holoholona, he Moana a me na mea he nui o lakou i ka mawaho digestive nenoaiu. Ka hoʻopili waha i kekahi ikehu luahi, ka ilo nā pōʻalo he kūikawā huna, hua mai la ia e ka pharyngeal glands, a hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo i ka ai ma waho. Ma hope iho o kēia, i ka ilo e hānai i nutritious Piʻihonua. O kŰia ua kapaia mawaho digestion.

Feedʻano flatworms Class ciliary crustaceans ka hapanui uuku a me ka 'ē aʻe invertebrates. ʻAʻole i hiki ke ale wale iho i, a me crack i ka iwi nui crustaceans, ilo pee mucus i loko o ka kūikawā piha i nā'ūhū. Ka mea, hoopalupalu mai la i ka luahi, kokoke e hōʻuluʻulu ia, a me ka ilo laila, pono e hānai i kahi o ka iwi.

Ke alo aku o ka niho ilo replaces ka pharynx, a me a ka mea, ke ale wale iho i kaʻai a pau. Inā ka luahi mea nui, i ka ilo pahi keikihipa omo neʻe o ka waha waimaka mai ia i kekahi wahi apana, ke kiʻekiʻe o Komo 'o ia a pau ka loot.

'ōlelo

Class ciliated ilo hōʻike hermaphrodite, me ka poe kane a me ka wahine gonads. Men mau keena ma ka testes. Ka mea, haalele mai kūikawā hua kaha i haawi sperm i ka hālāwai wahi me ka hua.

Female anal nā loko i na poe ma na ovaries mai i ka hua manu i loko o ka fallopian paipu i hoouna hou ia i loko o ka vagina, a laila, i hanaʻia i loko o ka wahine cloaca.

Moe fertilization ia lŘlŘ ma kea. Ilo alternately fertilize kekahi i kekahi, alternately injecting sperm ma copulatory hui, e kohu ai ka penis i loko o ka weheʻana o kekahi wahine cloaca.

Seminal loli fertilizes ia i hua manu, a ua hana i ka hua manu, ua pena iwi. Excreted ilo ke aupuni 'hua i hoʻomoe specimen mea i like kona helehelena me ka makua ilo.

Wale i loko o turbellarians ( 'ano ciliated flatworms Class) mai ka hua' ōili mai i 'ano like me ka makua microscopic larvae e au me ke kōkua o ke cilia me ka plankton a ka mea, ulu mai, aʻaʻole e iho i loko o kekahi kanaka makua ilo.

Mau ilo hiki ulu like asexually. Ma keia hihia, i ke kino o ka ilo 'ōili mai i ka pūhaka, a i nā i hookaawale ai ia i loko o nā māhele like. Kēlā me kēia paukū e pili pū i ka hookaawale kanaka e ulu ia iho, e pono no nā loko functioning.

An mea kupaianaha nona iho no e noho

Kekahi elele o ka ciliated ilo, no kekahi laʻana, planarian, e hiki hou, e hoihoi i ka poino wahi o ke kino. apana o ke kino nui o ka hapa-haneri o ka a pau na kanaka a hiki i hou-ulu i loko o ka piha-fledged hou ilo.

Mai ka mea Planaria trehvetvistyh pela i aʻoʻia e ola ma lalo o noho lakou malaila no kona kaiapuni. I ka wā i nui mahuahua i loko o ka wai wela, a me ka shortage o ka o oxygen ilo spontaneously, mai hemo mai i mau apana e hoihoi hou ma ka noho ana i ka wā mawaho rula e hoʻi i ka maʻamau.

Turbellarians Planaria - ka nui 'elele o ka papa e ola ana i loko o nā loko iʻa. Moana i hanai i ka poe liilii, invertebrates. Lakou ia lakou iho i ka ai no ka iʻa ilo mai i kiʻi no ka mea, o ka mea glands e pakaʻawahia waiwai.

vermin

No ka parasitic turbellarians loaʻa:

• Temnotsefaly e noho ma luna o kaʻili o ka freshwater invertebrates a me nā kuhukukū, kau ana ma luna o ka ili o ke kino o ka poʻe kaua hua. Temnotsefaly uuku ka nui (15 mm) o ka mea i lalo kino, loaʻa nō kekahi mau tentacles. Turbellaria mea hermaphrodite, a nohoʻano nui ma ka hema hemisphere.
• Udonellidy - mua hoʻolaha like flukes, akā, ano ka mea, e wae i loko o ka paukū turbellarians. Ka mea, i ke kino i loko o ka paukūʻolokaʻa ÿano, a me ka meaʻuʻuku nui (i i 3 mm). Me ke kōkua o ke omo na kiaha i pili i nā crustaceans, a, ma ka huli, e parasites ma ka halo o mua o ka nui meaola iʻa.

Kekahi? Ueo turbellarians loaʻa wale nō i loko o Baikal wai, ma muli o ia i ke kū hoʻokahi o kona wai. Loa turbellarians ole wale i nā palapala, akā,ʻo ka integral hapa o ko lākou kaiapuni. Pepehi uuku mollusks, ka mea malama ma lalo o ka pāʻana o ka heluna o invertebrate holoholona, ʻaʻole hiki ia i ka ulu i ka mea hiki ole nui like 'ole.