Cranial nā aʻalolo, na deviations i kupu mai, mai ko lakou mai

ʻO ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana ka loaʻa o ka lolo a me ka spinal kaula, e holo ana mai o lākou nā aʻalolo a me kā lākou mau ramifications. A pau nā aʻalolo lala i pili i kaʻike ākea ko mākou hopohopo nenoaiu. Aia he 12 hui o cranial nä olonä a me spinal 31 hui. Kēlā me kēia mau i kona iho ka inoa a me ka helu, a ua denoted ma ka Roma numeral. Cranial nā aʻalolo i aia i loko o ke kumu o ka lolo. Ma o ka haku mele 'ana o ke aʻalolo olona, nolaila ia i kuu lākou ekolu oihana: Hawaii, sensory a me ka hui.

i hana ikepili koʻikoʻi cranial nä olonä, mai olona, o ka neurons i moe mawaho o ka lolo. O nā olfactory, pilikia makapō a me ka auditory nā aʻalolo. Ka mea, e hāʻawi vestibular kuleana pili i, ka lohe, ka ike a me ka honi. Ka hui mua hoomaka mai ke aʻalolo keena, a i aia i loko o ka nasal mucosa. Me ka make ana o keia nā aʻalolo, he mea piha lilo o ka hiki, e honi. Ka lua o ka paʻa - ka mea, Aloha optic nā aʻalolo, i originates ma ka retinal keena. Kona atrophy hiki aku ai i ka pahikaua emi ma ka pilikia makapō acuity, a me kekahi manawa piha ka makapo. I ka walu o ka paʻa o ka auditory nā aʻalolo kuleana no ka hoolohe, a me ka ha awina o ka vestibular i hoʻomākaukauʻia. I Ina o ka 'aʻe' ana i kana hana he mea pōniuniu, e hoolohe ana ia poho, ataxia, vestibular dysfunction.

Hawaii hana ninoieo o elima hui o nā aʻalolo. Ka mea, i kā lākou kumu i loko o ke kumu Hawaii nuclei. Ke kolu, ka ha, a ono paha o ka paʻa o nā aʻalolo pili me ka manaʻo a me ka maka o ka neʻeʻana. Oculomotor nā aʻalolo - keia mea i ke kolu o ka paʻa. Ua Ua hana ia e na olona, e hoʻomaka ana mai i ke ano o ka nucleus. Parasympathetic olona, na i loko o nā aʻalolo e hoolako i na nāʻiʻo o ka maka. Loli cranial nā aʻalolo III i wehewehe aku ma ka paʻa o ke keena lihilihi ptosis, divergent squint a me ka mydriasis. Inā ka mea e loli ai ke aʻalolo aeie IV ma ka hihio, i kaulua mea. I ka wā o ka manao ua kuu iho ilalo, hoike iki keʻa-maka. Inā o Nyos i ka hana o ka VI abducens, EUIAaIN ka neʻeʻana o ka'ōnohi a poʻopoʻo ka mai, ua hiki aku i ka nń squint a me ka papalua hihiʻo.

Ka lehalehu t nā aʻalolo (VII) hoʻi iā ka lehalehu t nāʻiʻo. Eia kekahi, inā loaʻa olona, a me ka mai i kaʻaiʻana pā lonoaʻili autonomic olona, a hooponopono i ka hana ana o ka salivary a me ka lacrimal glands. Secondary XI nā aʻalolo regulates ka mana o kekahi mauʻano o ka Muscle. A me kona make 'ōili mai paresis paha lōlō o na nāʻiʻo. Hope, i ka hypoglossal nā aʻalolo XII me nāʻiʻo o ke elelo pili. I Ina o ka 'aʻe' ana i kēia nā aʻalolo ha awina malama ka hoʻoneʻe aku 'ōlelo kapu a me kona haiahū kūmau ma kaʻaoʻao maikaʻiʻole ia ma. Hoikeia Muscle atrophy, ʻeha o ke alelo, fibrillar twitching.

Hui hana cranial nā aʻalolo hana V, IX, a me ka X hui. Elima, ka trigeminal nā aʻalolo hoʻi iā ka kamaiʻilio nāʻiʻo a me ka hoʻolako i ka pā lonoaʻili o ke kanaka. Glossopharyngeal (IX) nā aʻalolo mea kuleana no ka salivating ho'āʻoʻana, a no ka noho ana o ka puu a me ka alelo. Vagus (X) nā aʻalolo hoʻolako pā lonoaʻili hope haʻawina o ka moʻolelo lua, larynx a me ka pharynx. He mea kuleana no ka functioning o nāʻiʻo. Cranial nā aʻalolo X parasympathetic hui i ka pilina o na nā loko.

Inā ka mea, e loli ai ka trigeminal nā aʻalolo, aia no he hoopaapaaʻeha ho'āhewa wale o neuralgic ano i loko o ka pili mau o ka maka. Ka mea, i pū ma ka redness a me ka kīhaeʻia. Ma ka pathology IX paʻa ma kona eha ma ka puu, aia no he pilikia i ka moni 'ia, ike ono kāna hana, nee salivation. Me ka make o ka vagus nā aʻalolo he mau deviations i loko o ka na nā loko. Meʻeluaʻaoʻao lesions malama moni 'ia kāna hana, nasal leo leo,ʻeha i loko o ka auricle. Oia aʻe 'ana i mau pu ma ka loa prognosis.