E pili ana i ka Astrakhan Khanate. Ka piʻiʻana i ka Lūkini Astrakhan State

E pili ana i ka Astrakhan Khanate i Rusia i Hawaiʻi nei hoʻoponopono, e like me kekahi mau Hawaii i hanaʻia e like me ka hopena o ka'opi o ke Gula iā Goga a mau kaua mawaena o lakou iho, ka mea, ho oweliweli i ka hoʻoweliweli 'ana i ka hema-hikina palena o Rusia. I ka nawaliwali o ka aina, o ka oi aku ina mea i ua ma na crossroads o kuai? Ooia, i mau pono ai i ka ikaika haipule. A me na contenders no kēia kūlana ua lawa.

Shard o ke Gula iā Goga

Astrakhan Khanate iʻikeʻia i loko o ka XVI kenekulia i loko o ka Lower Volga. It Tatar moku'āina i hana ma hope o ka'opi o ke Gula iā Goga, a me ka mea, ua aia ma ke kapa akau o ka Volga. Ke kapikala o kona - Xacitarxan - ke aupuni '12 ei, mai ka keia Astrakhan. Mua, i ka 1460 i hana i ka Big iā Goga, ia mea he kikowaena hapa o ka mua Golden iā Goga. Ua Ua alai ai e Han Mahmud, ka mea i noho ana i loko o ke kapikala - ke kulanakauhale o Sarai. i ole kaʻana like kāna mau keiki kāneʻelua mana, a me Hasim, ua hele i ka lalo ino i o ka Volga, hana i ka hookaawale moku'āina. Full kuokoa ka mea loaa i ka 1502, ma hope o ka lanakila ana o ka poʻe hao wale o ka Crimean Khanate ma luna o nā koa o ka iā Goga Nui.

waiwai hoalauna

A lohe o Hasim ma waena o Moscow, kahi ona e waiho ana Ivan III no, a me Haji-Tarkhan hoʻokumu kuai ana. Mau moku me ka paʻakai i hele mai, mai ka haahaa ino i o ka Volga muliwai i loko o ke kulanakauhale alii. All Lūkini moʻolelo hōʻike i kuai me Rusia mea wale nō ia e pōmaikaʻi ai no nāʻaoʻaoʻelua. Na Haji-Tarkhan ua he nui kauwa market, a i kia huahana mai na aina. Naʻe, i ka Astrakhan Khanate ua, aole he ikaika kuokoa mana. I loko o ka loa kupono wahi, ka mea, ua mau Ua he mea i makemake loa pio i kona hoalauna, a ma o aku o. Crimean a Kazan khanate, Nogai iā Goga, ka moku'āina ua kekahi i hanaʻia e like me ka hopena o ka'opi o ke Gula iā Goga, a aia ma waena o ka Volga, a me ka Urals, Khorezm - ka mea, ua i averse e hopu i ka poʻe hoalauna. A hiki Tureke ho'āʻo e hookupaa aku i ka khanate o ke ana.

papalua hihiu

E pili ana i ka Astrakhan Khanate i noho ma ka papahana. na luna o ka Tatar moku'āina me Moscow a pau i hookani i ka papalua hihiu. I loko nō o ka ahuwale pomaikai o ke kalepa a me ka aloha me Rusia, Khan Abdul Rahman pūlima i ka malu 'aelike me ka Crimea a me Tureke. ʻOiai ua mua, i ka 1533, ma lalo o ka aoao o ka "Lūkini aoao" i hanaʻia i loko o kona alo, a generously ke uku 'ia Rusia, Astrakhan Khanate manao me Moscow ka hoomaka kalepa a me ka pili aupuni berita, i ka i ka mea, kamailio e pili ana i aloha a me ka ae kōkua. Direct pilina o ka Astrakhan Khanate hoomaka i ka noho alii ana o Ivan ka weliweli. Moscow protege Dervis Ali a me Abdul-Rahman mai 1533 a hiki i 1556 mau manawa pomaikai ae la lakou kekahi i kekahi ma luna o ka noho aliʻi.

A protege o ka Crimea, a Tureke

Wale nō i loko o nā makahiki 1552-1554 i loko o kā lākou paio pomaikai ae la lakou i ka penetrating kekahi protege o Crimea - Yamgurchi kona hana, me ka hopu a me ka pio ana o ka Lūkiniʻelele, no laila, outraged ma ka laila luna o Rusia, ka mea, i ka 1554 i hoopio mai ai i ka huakaʻi mua a hiki i nā pā pōhaku Xacitarxan . Akā, i ka ka piʻiʻana o ka Astrakhan Khanate i ole i i ka pahu hopu. Ua makemake aku e waiho i loko o ka ikaika pio e o Moscow, hooku iho la ia ma luna o ka noho aliʻi o ka ia Dervis Ali. Ma ka kekahi lima, ma hope o ka haule ana o Kazan Astrakhanskoye na'lii a kaʻimiʻana hoʻonawaiwali oki ae hele me Moscow defiant. Ma ka 'ē aʻe -ʻoi loa ami hana o ka Crimea a me Tureke, nā mea hoʻomākaukau i kākoʻo Yamgurchi. Ka powa ana, a me ka loulou i kekahi o ka Caspianʻelele Sevastyana Avraamova mokupuni ai infuriated Ivana Groznogo, i iho la ia i ka Volga i hoounaia mai e Strugi maikaʻi-e iai? Oaiaaiiua 30-tausani hao wale. Ka mea, alakai Ignatius Veshnyakov a me Yuri Pronskiy-Shemyakin. Mai keia hapa o na koa holoʻana a me Dervish Ali. Prince Vyazemsky me ka poe o ka 2,500 kanaka, a Danila Chulkov me ka nui me ka ho okumu ana o ka Cossacks hana kaawale.

I ka nele o ka pragmatism

All Lūkini mōʻaukala i ao aku i ka poe enemi o ko mākou aupuni mai e kūamuamu iā ia, a, e hoi ka mahalo a me ka mana nui, no ka mea, i ke kaʻa, e hele pono. "Astrakhan hoʻokolokolo" hoomaka ma May. All Lūkini poʻe hao wale i manao e halawai, a hui pu iho la i loko o ka wahi o ka narrowest wahi ma waena o ka Volga, a me ka Don, i kapaia o Perevoloki. Kēia no hoi ia e hoʻokokoke lākou poʻe kaua-Nogai iā Goga Khan Ismail, kōkua i i apo akuk ai ma ka oihana mana o ke kai eʻe. Lakou i ole e hele mai, paha no ka mea, o ka "East - he nä meaʻai mea." Akā, i ka mea ia hui a me Viazemsky Pronsky loa he paki i waho, e hālāwai me ia defenders o ka Astrakhan Khanate, a mawaena o lakou i ka Janissaries. holo aku la a hiki i Azov Yamgurchi, e waiho na mea a pau - wahine (Hanshi), keiki he kļhäpai hoʻonani. Ua lawe ke kapikala me ke kaua. Ma ka noho alii i noho i ka protege o Moscow, ikaika akuʻoe i hoohiki ai ia ia, laulea.

Hou i ka ia "rake"

Akā, i ka maoli IeIIeYOA o ka Astrakhan Khanate hanaia hope. A laila, ma laila ua i ka auhau i e uku ia excessive (1,200 rubles kala, 3000 2.5-mika sturgeon, noa kuai ma ka Khanate), a me ka lewa i loko o ke poʻo ua like me, akā, Dervish Ali, ekolu kukū ai ma Moscow noho alii, malū mńlualua me ka Crimea a me Tureke. I ka huiʻana o ka Hoʻohui 'ia i makemake e pakele ai o Ismail, a, mahope obnaglev, Astrakhan Khan e hoouna mai i kona kapikala Lūkini kia'āina. Ka mea, o ka papa, noi no ka mea, a me ka manawa o ka piha aupuni, a me ka maoli pilina o ka Astrakhan Khanate i Rusia ua inevitable.

Hoopai a me ka hoʻopili aku

Ke kumu o ka lua o ka hele ana ma luna o Astrakhan, a hemo aku ma ke kupulau o 1556, ua ka piha hoʻopau o ka Kuokoa o ka Khanate. Ke alu koa, ma ka mea, ka mea, ua punitive. Ua oia o nā poʻe pana pua, a militia Vyatka, Volga a me ka Don Cossacks e hele kēlā ma luna o lākou iho, e lawe pu kokoke Astrakhan. I ka huina helu o ka poʻe hao wale i i oi aku mamua o 3,000, e hoike ana i nawaliwali arrogant Khanate. I ka mea, ua laweʻia wale nō e hele mai ai i kona mau pā i ka poe mua o ka Volga Cossacks ma lalo o ke alakaʻiʻana o Lyapunov Filimonov ke kulanakauhale. A,ʻoiai i loko o ka papa o Dervis Ali e hoʻokele i ka huki koa o ka Lūkini poʻe hao wale, lanakila ua piha, a me Astrakhan me kekahi aelike komo i loko o Rusia.

Next - māhū-Urals a me North Caucasus

E pili ana i ka Astrakhan Khanate, i ka lā - August 26, 1556, ka mea, ua anemic, a ua moekolohe i kekahi kūlanaʻano nui i loko o ka hoʻopöʻino 'hope o na koena o ke Gula iā Goga. Ua, ka mea, ua i kekahi hapa o Rusia a hoʻokomo pio e kaukaʻi ma luna o ia: i 1557 - ka Nogai iā Goga, a laila, i loko o ka hookahi makahiki Bashkiria. A ma ka 1560 o ka Lūkini moku'āina palena ma ka hikina i wahi i loko o ka Urals, ma ka hema-hikina - ma ka Terek. Ma o Mānoa, ka Kazan a me Astrakhan Khanate i kona haule ana i ke ala no ka paipai 'ana o Rusia a hiki i ka Urals, Terek a me Kuban weheia. A laila, i ko kakou aina, aia i ka ninau e pili ana i ka anal i loko o nā Urals, a me ka North Caucasus. Akā, ka mea, ua i ka ninau o Rusia ka kuwaho i loko o ka wā e hiki mai, a ua hui Volga māhele 'āina i loko o ka XVI kenekulia Ivanom Groznym i piha, aka i ka hana-noa kalepa. Eia hou, ua hoomakaukau i ka naʻi aupuni o ka Khanate o Astrakhan hoopakele no na palena o Rusia, mai ka hema, mai ka Crimean Khanate, heʻenemi ikaika a me ka mau.