Ethmoid iwi o ka iwipoo. Hui kaulua a me ka unpaired iwi o ka iwi poʻo

Hui kaulua a me ka unpaired cranial iwi nāna i hana i ka iwi o ke poo. Kekahi kumu mua i ka huahuakai-e like 'ole,' ē aʻe - i hui a me ka palahalaha. Next, e noonoo i ka mea i lilo i ka iwipoo. Iwi ka inoa, i ko lakou wahi ua i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o ka pauku.

Overview

Ka iwi poʻo Ua anao? Aou mau papa elua. Ka mea, oko a ma kā lākou mau hana a me ka ulu ana. Nā iwi o ka puniu wale no o ke keiki i kā lākou mau 'ano. Brain Oihana ano apau loa i ka lua i ka lolo, a no ka nui o ka makaukau. Ua loaʻa i nā iwi o ka cranial vault a me ke kumu. Ma ka lua o ka (pilikino) Māhele i kokoke i ka makaukau. Eia pū ma laila i ka loiloi mua Hoʻohana o ka digestive a me ka ÷ naehana hanu nenoai.

lolo 'Oihana

Ua heʻewalu iwi. Elua o ia - hui kaulua. Keia kino a me ka parietal eiiiiiaiou. Na koe iwi - unmatched. Brain 'Oihana i kekahi peculiarities. Calvarial iwi makana i ka pā a me ka loko papa o ka olelo hoopomaikai waiwai, a aia ma waena o ka naele ia 'ole. I ka la mahope ua kapaia "diploe". Kēia waiwai permeate auwai a, ma i he mau aa koko diploic.

Ka mawaho una i ka Kaulu. Ua Ua uhiʻia me ka periosteum. Me ke kuleana pahale papa Hoʻohana na ka dura. He lahilahi, a ka loaʻa o ka nui helu o ke aloha i huiʻia me ka maloorganicheskih. Nolaila, ua hehee ai mea okoa brittleness a me ka fragility. I ka cranial traumas kona fracture hana oi pinepine ma mua o hanaʻino i ka pā una.

Ke periosteum mea he ikaika kuʻi nukeliu o nā iwi i loko o ami mau mea. Ma ke koena o kona lōʻihi ka pilina mea e wehe ai nui iho la ia. Periosteum hoʻohaiki ana ke kelepona hele ka lewa i loko o nā palena o ka hoʻokahi iwi. Kēia māhele mea paha i ke kahua o hematomas a me abscesses.

Ka loko ili o ka cerebral 'Oihana

Ma ka mea, ma laila nō kaumaha a me elevations. Ka mea, hoʻopili like i ka sulci a me gyri o ka lolo. Ua kekahi mau mea e kukaʻi hoomaopopo sinus a me ka moku apau paakiki iwi. Ma kekahi mau mea i loko o ka puniu wale no, aia no na puka. Ka mea, i ke hoʻololi i ka emissarnyh aa koko e hoʻohui i ka venous sinuses iwi, Kalaiaina a me ka diploic moku. Ka mea nui loa i ka weheʻana i manaoia mastoid a me ka parietal. Kekahi Hoʻohana, e like me ka frontal iwi o ka iwipoo komo cavities. Ka mea, i hoalaala ia me ka mucosa, a ua piha me ka lewa. ʻO ia 'ole ka ano o ka puka olu oia, kino a me ka sphenoid iwi, a no ka mea a luna. Mau kumu i kapa pneumatic.

Frontal iwi poʻo iwi

Ua komo ma ka ho okumu i ka hale, a me ka kumu surfaces o ka nasal lua , a me ka maka mau kumu. Ma nā mākua, ia mea unpaired iwi o ka iwipoo. Ma kona kūlana unahi a me ke kakaka. No hoi, ka mea, ua haku o orbital oihana. Laterally ma na wahi haahaa o ka iwi i hiki mai, ua kīkoʻo akula zygomatic kaʻina. Up, mai waiho kēlā o ia i ke kino laina. Ua hoʻokaʻawale i ka luakini, mai ka mua ili o kaʻaoʻao frontal o na unahi. Spines ma ka Hoʻohana e pili ana i ka ia, e holo ana mai ka iwi ā.

pālākiō

He ka nui loa wahi o ka iwi. Unahi i hanaʻia o nā halves. Māhele i pili ma ka frontal weld. No ka elima makahiki ka mea, IeAUPIIe, IAa IO ulu. Ma kekahi mau hihia, o ka ulana ua malamaia no, a me ka frontal Hoʻohana koe maheleia. Ka unahiʻike ma loko, a ma waho surfaces. Mua - i laumania, ka mea i he convex shape. Ma kekahiʻaoʻao o ka ulana hiki frontal protuberance (hui kaulua). Aia ma lalo iho ona ma kekahiʻaoʻao o ka lole wili me ka crescent shape (kuʻemaka). Kona helehelena a me ka nui hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka kanaka 'ole o ka poo iwi. Ma waena o nā kuʻemaka, a bumps hana Kaulu - glabella.

I kaʻaoʻao ma waho o ka unahiʻole, i ua kaawale mai ka orbital kāleka supraorbital lihi (hui kaulua). Kahi o laila tenderloin i loko o ka waena. Ke aupuni 'loko frontal ka recess. Ma kekahi mau hihia, ke apo ae i loko o ka lua. Therethrough moe nā aʻalolo a me nā ipu. Ka loko lilo o ka concave unahi. Ma ka 'ilikai e arterial Groove, ma ka waena konu - i ka hulu. Ua kekahi wahi convolutions malama. Frontal lapa e kolo ana i loko o ka hewa elua maluna sagittal sinus. I ka hoʻomaka o ka elevation o ka lalo he mea he makapo puka. Nāʻaoʻao o ka hewa elua ke aupuni 'fossa arachnoid granulations mai.

orbital Oihana

He ua poe ma ka iwi papa quadrangular ole shape. Ua hoomaopopo lalo (orbital) a me ka hoaka o ka (lolo) ili honua. First - ala apuupuu - aʻo i kaʻoihana i loko o ka Astronomical. Kona anterolateral wahi o ka lacrimal gland ua noho dimple, medial a me ka alo - bloc Wa Mamua. Brain hapa kauoha i loko o ka cranial lua maupaʻa kaumaha a me elevations convolutions therebetween.

nasal 'Oihana

ma waena o ka orbital cii kēia kuleana ka moana. Ua ua poe ma ka iwi hapa, i apo ai i na aoao, a alo maka ahaʻokiʻokiʻia. ʻaoʻao a me ka hope o palena kiko'ī a me ka una lihi, a me kaʻaoʻao e kū pono - me ka nasal oihana mua a me ka maxillary appendage. Ma keia wahi e waiho i ka mea oioi - spine ihu. Ua 'oe e komo i loko o ke kahua o ka paku. I ka hope loa o ke kakaka i na keena. Ka mea, i ka hui 'ana me ka ia puka i loko o ka ethmoid iwi. Ka hopena o ko lakou luna.

Ma kēlā me kēiaʻaoʻao ma waena o ka lihi ma ka puka olu oia, a oki mai nasal spine i puka sinus. Ua hiki aku i ka hema a me ka akau halves o ka lua. Ma nā mākua, he okoa ka nui o ka sinuses. Ua Ua hoalaala ia me ka mucousʻili lahilahi. Frontal sinus wehe i loko o ka waena nasal e hooholo ia.

ossification

Ka hooulu ana o ka frontal iwi mai, mai ka-oaio? A elua. Ka mea i hanaʻia ma ka hopena o ka lua o ka malama o antenatal wā a puni ka supraorbital māhele 'āina. Ke frontal iwi keiki kikowaena mau hookaawale hehee wale. Ka mea, e pili ana i ka lua o ka makahiki moʻomanaʻo-partum au. Up i elima makahiki pele koe hiki ulana ma waena o nā halves.

Ethmoid iwi o ka iwi poʻo

Ua he o nā papaʻelua. Kekahi mea papamoe, p ÷ haku i ka mea'ē aʻe ala. I keia unpaired iwi o ka puniu wale no ka loaʻa o ka maze. Kēia hoʻonaʻauao pneumatic keena. Kimi ua hui kaulua Hoʻohana. Keena, mai kēlāʻaoʻao e pili ana i ka una honua a me ka pü me kekahi i kekahi, a me ka nasal lua. Ethmoid iwi o ka puniu wale no mea i loko o ka tenderloin. Una hehee ai pili i ka lolo Oihana. ʻO nā māhele i e i ka ethmoid iwi o ka puniu wale no, e hoʻomau ana ma ka kahua o kaʻaoʻao medial o ka maka mau kumu a me ka nasal lua pā.

Papamoe hope papa kiko'ī a me ka tapered hehee ai. Ke alo, a ma ka aoao ka mea, ua pili i ka frontal iwi. Ma ka papa i ka ai iiiaanoaa o ka puka i keia manawa. Ka mea, i manaoia no ka hooholo ia ana o keʻano o ka hanaʻana olfactory nā aʻalolo. Ma ka laina kikowaena o ka una honua E ho'ākea i keu aku, a no laila, i kapaʻia cockscomb. He ua hui ia ma ka mua hope o ka cerebral loa. Ma mua o ka lapa e moe hui kaulua appendage -'ēheu. P ÷ haku hexagonal una mai he ole shape. Ua 'ano apau loa o ka mua māhele o ka nasal septum.

Kimi

Kona keena, ua māheleʻia i loko oʻekolu pūʻulu. Ka mea i kaawale mai kekahi i kekahi, akā,ʻaʻole maopopo. Līkaia no ka mea hope, o ka mua a me ka waena pūʻulu. Ma kaʻaoʻao kīloi paʻewa o ka lahilahi orbital una poi. Ua Ua aʻo i kaʻoihana a hiki i ka lua o ka Astronomical o kona noa ili. Mai ka loko, ua uhi wale he uuku hapa o ka halepaahao me ka pokou papa. Ka hapa nui o ia noho hamama. Ka mea, uhi ka mea e pili frontal, palatine, lacrimal a me sphenoid iwi a me ka luna.

Medialʻaoʻao o ka Kimi wā i ka hoaka o māhele o ka nasal lua. He elua lahilahi papa - iwi (waena a me ka luna). Aia mea no hoi i ka makau-hoʻokino appendage. Aia o kekahi ma waena o nā poho - keia mea i ka luna nasal e hooholo ia. Ma hope a iki ma luna mauka o ka recess, ma kekahi hihia, e loaʻa kekahi - o ka lani kiekie loa. Shells i nā loko o kona haku mele 'ana ethmoid iwi o ka puniu wale no, lauwili ma ka nui a me ka kinona, wā he okoa loa a me ka hohonu o ka lakou mau nasal ala.

poo iwi kaupaku

Cranial vault i loko o ka anterior frontal convexity mea. Ua loaʻa elevation: kuemakapali kualono a me na puu a pau. Hope hale ia ke occipital iwi. Ma kēlā me kēiaʻaoʻao o kona pōkole parietal mau. Mai ka zygomatic kaʻina hana o ka frontal iwi ma luna o ka hale o ke kino e holo arcuate laina. Ka mea, e ālai i ka luna puka, a ma ka huli hoʻokaʻawale ka infratemporal lapa, mai ka ia Groove.

hui oihana mua

Kiko'ī a iwi poʻo iwi (papaʻaina ma lalo pokole hōʻike i nāʻano o ka pili ana) noke no ka hapanui loa. O ka papa kuhikuhi ano e abutting a synchondrosises syndesmoses. I ka lalo iwi ā ua pili temporo-mandibular hui, a sublingual lâlâ - ma ka Muscle olona. Syndesmoses ho i fibrotic articulation i loko o ka likeʻole ma o ka nakaka. E like me ka rula, e hana i ko lakou mau inoa pakahi hoʻohuiʻia iwi. Eia naʻe, loaʻa nō na nakaka, a i kā lākou mau inoa. No ka laʻana, ka articulation o na iwi parietal i ma sagittal, frontal a me ka parietal - coronal suture, a no laila, ma luna o.

Synchondrosises hooku iho la ia me cartilage i huiʻia. Ka mea, i loaʻaʻano nui ma ka cranial kumu. Keiki syndesmosis hooku iho la ia a me ka connective'aʻaʻa membranes. Ka mea, i kapaʻia fontanelles.