GAZ-63 - Soviet kona kalaka. History, hōʻikeʻano, hoakaka,

GAZ ua ikeia no kona ia i kona kalaka. 'ākilikai seemingly, e kūkulu-huila a holo GAZ-51 i ke kaʻao o ka lulu popilikia ulia kaʻa oihana puolo. Four-huila a holo GAZ-63 undeservedly koe i loko o ka iaiyoe wale kânaka, akā, kākau moʻolelo mai e hookuu i kona noonoo.

I ka moolelo o ka pili ana

Ke kaulana lorry GAZ-AA kona kalaka ua wale i loko o ka hopeʻumi makahiki mua o ke Kaua Honua II. Ua Ua OOAOAaXUEIE a morally a technically, a koi hope. Army desperately pono kona kalaka huila a holo a pau-'āina.

I kakahiaka nui 1938, ma ka Gorky ulia kaʻa Plant ia. Molotov Ua hoomaka ka hana ma luna o ka hoʻokumu o ka moʻo o ia i kona kalaka manao no ka pilikia alanui ana. Two- a me ekolu-paepae komo huila a pau-huila a holo kona kalaka kaʻa ka oko aoʻano nui kumu ma ka lōʻihi.

Ka mua lulu popilikia eha-huila a holo kaʻa GAZ-63, hoomaka ae la kona mōʻaukala ma April 1938. A makahiki ma hope, i kūkuluʻia nā prototypes mua, i i ikeia mamua, me GAZ-62. Ka mea, ua hoʻokumu 'ia i ka modernized kiko'ī mai lorry GAZ-MM nona iho o ka 50 nā lika. i kekahi. Kaba kalaka kona kalaka hoʻohana ma o ka GAZ-415, he kaʻa ulu ua hōʻike hewa no kēia palapala.

Design hiʻona

? Ac? O ka hou kāpena mea i manao ai ua i hoʻoili. I ka papa kuhikuhiE hana ua e ho okumu i ka mea a pau-'āina kaa, no laila, i ke kākauʻana i kau ma luna o ke kaʻa.

A fundamentally okoa hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha - ka engine aia ma luna o ka mua paepae komo huila - e 'ā me ka hōʻemiʻana kumu lōʻihi, e mahuahua nona iho.

First hookahi huila i me ka ia alo a me ka hoʻi Track, ka mea i alakai, ka wahie hoʻokele waiwai no ka mea mua-huila a holo hiki ke polokalamu JavaScript. Nū'ōlelo hope o na huila i ke one a me ka mud hoʻoikaika e hoʻonui kumumea hiki aku i ka loa ka mana hokii. Aoaao hihia i waiho ai i ka lōʻihi o ka propeller mau pua, a me ke alo, a hiki i ka hope paepae komo huila ua like. E kaukaʻi wehe ana o nā huila ke aupuni 'ma kalaka nui-elliptic lau punawai a me ke alo nō i papalua no hoi lakou-e hana neaa hawewe absorbers. Neaa lilo handbrake mea hoʻomaka.

I kakahiaka nui 1943, i ke kaʻa hoʻololi i ka cockpit, a me ka engine. Me ke kāpena mai "Studebaker",ʻo ia mau ae la ia a hiki i ka hopena o ka haawi lilo ole-Pili.

Ua hou? Iecaianoaaiiuo o keia kaʻa i ka makahiki 1948, me ka kāpena o GAZ-51. Ana GAZ-63 houʻano aha 5525 × 2200 × 2245 mm o.

Koa lako a pan ma ke kumu o ka mīkini

I October 1943 ma ka Gorky ulia kaʻa Plant hoomaka ae la e kūkulu i kekahi huila e pili ana ka hoʻoponopono-propelled mau pū, a me ka pū caliber 76 mm o. By May makahiki 1944, i ke kope mua i hookuu. Ma na aoao elua o ka pu, ua noho o ka Keaukaha a me ka luna-gunner. Ammunition oia o kanalima-ewalu leho. Au kaua i kēia kaʻa ma ka hope o ke Kaua Honua II.

Ma ia laua me ka hooulu ana ho o ke kalaka ma luna o kona kumu he kukui elua-paepae komo huila kapa kila kaa i? Ac? I ka makahiki 1947, me ka monocoque kino, i ike i ka BTR-40. APC Ua papahana no ewalu paratroopers. Wheelbase ua hoʻemi ma ka 600 mm o, ka engine mana e hoalaia i 81 nā lika. c., hoʻomāhuahuaʻoe i ka luna palena o ke kuapo alapine a me ka mōhai mea paʻa i pau koa lako a pan i mea.

Ua Ua kahikoia me ka mīkini pu BTR Goryunova nenoai, nā a oia no 1 260 nā papahu. Ka mīkini pu hiki ke lele aku ma na aoao elua o kekahi o na brackets eha. Ma ka ia brackets hiki ke hoʻouka kekahi mīkini pu DP, a ua kahikoia lakou paratroopers. Hooponopono hou ana o ka BTR-40A Ua hoʻolako me ka māhoe kaumaha mīkini pū KVPT. I ka makahiki 1993, he kapa kila nā limahana lawe aʻe mai ka hana.

Ma ke kaʻa GAZ-63 i hua mai i ka makahiki 1950 a me ka kaua mīkini rocket mea kaua BM-14 "Katyusha".

nuipa a? iecaianoaaiiuo

Mai ka hoʻomaka o ka Akuma ka o 1948, hoomaka ae la hū? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ka GAZ-63. Ano ma ka manawa ia i ana hoopaaia moku'āina ho'āʻo ma, i a lanakila lāua ma luna i pii ka ia 30 °, na ala e pii aku ai i 0,9 m + a me ka auwai i 0,76 ka m hohonu. Hokii no ka makepono kakolina A-66 kaulua mai 25 a hiki i 29 nā lika no 100 ei, e haawe i ka freeway - 2.0 m, ma ka lepo alanui - 1.5 m.

A nui shortcoming o keia kaʻa i Ua volatility ma kiʻekiʻe-māmā cornering. ʻae ua 270 mm o me ka hāiki Track, ka mea maoli i ka permeability o ke kalaka, akā, me ka mea ulu kūpono ana ma ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka rollover cornering a me hillsides. Keia ua oiaio ka oi aku ma kiʻekiʻe a GAZ-63, e like me vans paha poʻina nalu.

Ma ke kauwela o ka makahiki 1968 ka mea i hookuu ia hope i? Iecaianoaaiiie kaʻa. No ka mea, a pau manawa 474 tausani. 'Uhane o okoa ka hoʻololi' ana i lawe. Ka mea, Ua hoʻolilo i ka'āina Socialist, Finland, ka Middle Hikina, Asia a me Africa.

waiwai hoʻolilo

Ke GDR, Poland, Czechoslovakia a me Yugoslavia ma hikina Europe, Vietnam, North Korea, Laos a me Mongolia ma Asia, Cuba,ʻApelika Waena aina - ka moku'āina, i pau ai ke kinoea-63. Price mea hoʻolilo o kaa ua haʻahaʻa. Lako a lako i loko o ka fraternal kōkua o ke aloha'āina.

Wale aku no i lako ole wale ke kumu o kükohu eha-huila a holo kona kalaka GAZ-63 a me 63A, 63P akā, i kona hooponopono hou i loko o ka mea hoʻolilo a me ka Tropical XAaOOEN, kaa paleia lakou? Ieaoa 63E, nā kaʻa'ōhua ma luna o kēia kaʻa a me nā ana hoʻohālike.

Eia hou kekahi, ma ka North Korea mai 1961 ma lalo o ka hao inoa Sungri-61 Sungri-61NA, a ma Kina mai 1965 ma lalo o ka hao Yuejin NJ230 a me NJ230A i ma ka Soviet laikini kaa ma luna o ke kumu o keia mīkini.

Ke kaua ma North Korea Soviet koa kona kalaka huila a holo hoao iho la ia e ka maoli kaua mīkini a hoʻolimalima i ka hoʻomaopopo pono o ke koa.

poe koa e kaa

Prior i ka makahiki 1950, ia i ka lāʻau, a laila, hiki ke hooheheeia a me ka laau puka, a mai ka makahiki 1956 i ke kaʻa kāpena - he a pau-mea hiki ke hooheheeia. Ka mea, ua cramped a me ke anu, iaia? Aaaoaeuiuo manao wale nō iʻikeʻia i loko o ka makahiki 1952, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i ka mālama '-hoʻomaka progrevateli hoʻouka kekahi ma kaa me ka hoʻomaka o ke? Iecaianoaaiiuo.

Pili i ka hoʻoponopono pola me kiʻekiʻeʻolu mau papa moku Hing lonikū aoao i hoʻolako pono me ka mau papa noho no transporting i ke koa. Tailgate ua palupalu. Hoomaluia mai ka malie uhi mai iāʻoe i'ōʻia ma luna o eha arcs lele akula i loko o kūikawā noho. Kaa kiʻekiʻe o ka halelewa, he 2810 mm o.

Ua hoʻokāʻoi aʻe ana i ka functionality o ke kaʻa, a ia ia ke kaula oka eeia lawe nona iho i mau tona.

Army offroad kona kalaka GAZ-63 Ua hoʻohana 'e lawe aku nā limahana, towing mea lapaʻau, no ka mea hoʻonoho o ka hakakā' iniha, kapuaʻi.

ka hoʻololi 'ana SUV

Major ka hoʻololi 'ana aku-ala kona kalaka he elua wale.

Ma ia laua me ka waihona ipu ho hua mai la ia me ka hoʻololi 'ana o ke winch ma ka mua hope o ka elongated maoli GAZ 63A no ka pakiko-malama a me nā kaa ma pilikia alanui ana. Ke winch me kekahi kaula lōʻihi o 65 m + actuates ka propeller kona kumu i kekahi mana lawe-aku, mai ka EYI a me ka holo ikaika ulu mai i 4.5 m. Lawelawe alaplpa ke kaupaonaʻana o ke kaa 240 kg oi ma mua o ke kumu o kŘkohu.

I ka 1958, kona kalaka GAZ-63P, i hookuu ia mai ka huila slippage, e hana me ka uniaxial semitrailer haawe ana nona iho no i ka eha tona. Ka hope huila o ke kaʻa kauō i ua nū'ōlelo. A me kekahi makahiki, o ka mea kanu, hoomaka ae la ka hana kalaka kaʻa kauō GAZ-63D. Ma kona mea i manao, e like mua ka hoʻololi 'ana me PTO gearbox , a me ka ÿole mechanical auoiaea no e hoohauhee ana i ka tipperʻano papa hana semitrailer mea i manao ai.

Special kaa ka nānā 'ana ma luna o ka SUV

Wahie ia i kona kalaka, aila ia i kona kalaka, waiu poʻina nalu, vans, lawe lima? Eeiai oiiaa, 'inikua kookoo a me coaches, disinfection mea hoʻonoho, i ka hoʻohewa-epaepa huila machines hele ana ma luna o ka muli o GAZ-63. Firefighter kaʻa palapala, a kau iho, pahu kuu mau OEeAAaO Vargashinsky kanu ahi-kaua lako a pan. Staff eke a me ke ahi i kona kalaka i hua mai la i ka Moscow kanu ahi kiko'ī.

No ka mea koa, ma ka hou ana i ke kumu o Ke Ana Hoʻohālike, 'inikua kookoo a me coaches, paleia lakou mehana a me ka pilipaa pilina o machines he disinfection a me ka ua DDA-53A no sanitization i loko o ka mahinaʻai o nā limahana, a me ka disinfection disinfestation o ke kapa a me ka lako a pan. Mea hoʻonoho mahu ieoaeunoai lako me ka kinowai wahie a me ka wahie, ka mea a ka pae'ōnaehana puʻe ua ka lewa eha, ieoaeunoai-accumulator, he lima EII ni, paroelevatorom, i ka hoomalu ana i hoʻomākaukauʻia, ka mea e wehe ae disinfection keʻena elua a me ka ua me ka umikumamalua nui pale.

oaoieei-ano

Mai ke kanu mea kokoke i ka ia manawa i hana mai i kekahi poe koa kona kalaka sīwila GAZ-51, o ka hapanui o nā 'iniha, a me nā lāliʻi i hoʻokahi, i aeia ma manawa e ohi i kēia mau machines ma ka hookahiʻaha kanaka laina, i laila, e emi i ke kāki, a Nohie i kaʻaha kanaka hana.

Pake koa SUV hoʻouka kekahi me ke kinoea-51-ʻeono Carburetor nizhneklapannym ka leo o 3.5 tausani. Cu. knm. A uuku mana lako 70 ho'āo ai. i kekahi. a me ka mämä holo 65 km / h compensated hookoe i piha haawe me refueling 780 ei.

Two wahie poʻina nalu, ka papa a me ka iiaciiie, haawi dala o ka wahie ka aneane 200 nā lika o ke kakolina. GAZ-63 (kakolina diesel)ʻikeʻia i loko o kekahi mau nā kinolau a me ka maemae improvised poe paahana a hiki i kēia manawa.

EYI ma keia eha-kaʻa, lālau - hookahi-pā hōkū, maloo, ma ka hoolilo hihia - mau pae a me Splitter, a ua lako pono ia me ole wale i ka ka ho'ēmiʻana, akā, no hoi no ka pololei EYI e ho'ēmi i wahie hokii ma luna alanui.

GAZ-63 i he Hardy a, undemanding a me ka oluolu i ka hana, i ke kiʻekiʻe maneuverability, mahalo i kēia mau 'ano i hua mai la no ka aneane iwakalua makahiki. Ua hiki ke ike manawa,ʻaʻole wale nō i waena o kânaka - me ka mālama i loko o Competition, akā, no hoi ma na alanui. Kona kumukuai fluctuates ma luna o ke kaʻa 60 a hiki i 450 tausani, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka ano a me ke alo o kanaka maoli māhele a me ka ekalesia.