GDR hi hereon

Kaʻa hana ku ai ma hope o ke Kaua Honua II i kauwahi o Kelemania, ua maikai na aa. Na GDR a me ka German aupuni Repubalika, uaʻaʻole he hoʻokahi wale nō agrarian aupuni. Noho iho la na mea kanu o ka hanalima ana me Auto Union, BMW lala a me kekahi mau liʻiliʻi poe. Kelemānia nā kānakaʻenehana e hoʻokaʻawale aʻo i loko o ka ia kula, no laila, i ka 'epekema a me ka hanalima kumu o ka aina ua ma ka pae kiʻekiʻe. He aha ka mea i loko o ka hopena i haohao mākou i ke kaʻa hana o ka GDR?

Park o hi o ke kaʻa GDR

GDR hi ka oko ao keʻano maikaʻi. Ua produces ole, a ike i na mea a pau, "Trabant", "Wartburg", EMW, "Horch", "Zwickau" a me DKV. Key hiʻona o ka ohua kaa o ka Soviet hapa o Kelemania, penei:

• mua-huila mea i manao ai;
• elua-mapuna engine;
• ka hoʻokele waiwai kino o ka duroplastic (ka hapanui);
• poe noonoo ole a me ka huluhulu kinona o ke kino.

He nui nā poʻe ma hope o ka mahele o Kelemania, i merged i loko o hoʻokahi nui ulia kaʻa ana i kapaʻia IFA ( "IFA"). Loa pinepine ia mea IFA ia i kona kalaka. Ka maikai-ike kumu hoʻohālike i waena o lākou - W50L - ua loa kaulana, a loaʻa iā ia he kaulana inoa "Ellie".

E mākou noʻonoʻo i nui au mamuli o ka GDR kaa, ka hoʻololi 'ana, a me ka manawa manawa a ka mea i puka mai ai.

DKW - German kaʻa

I ka moolelo o keia lehulehu hoʻomaka 'ia me ka mea uuku engine i ka paikikala. Iloko o ka Mahele World War ka hola koa? Iecaianoaaiiie i ua hoʻokumu. Akā, ua hiki ke nana mamua, a lawe mālama i ka ulu ana o ka nui ikaika engine ma ka kupono o na lilo o ka mea nana o ka huakai. Au i ka manao e hana i kekahi kaʻa i hiki hoʻolimalimaʻaneʻane a pau.

DKW-F1 ÷ i hookuu ia ma mua o ka kaua. Ua ua he mau-paukūʻolokaʻa, ea-ho'ēmi kaʻa. Aia ua kuokoa ka wehe a me ka ikaika aku māmā holo ami a ikaika aku māmā holo ami. "Ke kaʻa o ka GDR" - i hiki ke kapaia he kumu hoʻohālike DKW-F8. Ma waho aʻeo ka mea, ua modelc ka F9, i i hua mai i loko o ke kino, i combo. No ka pau o kēia mau machines ke alo-huila e pili ana i manao ai a me ka lewa-ho'ēmi mana pa alima ua typical.

I ka mea kanu, i hele hoʻokuʻu DKV, Aia ma Zwickau a me Eisenach. IeIIeYOA i ka momoku ahi machines no nā ana hoʻohālike F8 a me ka F9 ua IFA. Ua olelo mai o kona wale nô ma ka United kaʻa pūʻulu o ka GDR.

"Zwickau AWZ P70"

Ma hope o ka hooulu ana o DHQ he "Zwickau". DuropLAS T - kahi o ka plywood kino uhi me ka Mohai ili, ea, ua noi ia. He mea pono no ka ho okumu i ka lua haku mele 'ana o kekahi phenolic kēpau me ka mea hoʻonui pulupulu hulu melemele,. Aie i ka noho nanea ana o? Iecaianoaaiiuo, nanea a me ka hoahanau ikaika o ka mea koke loaa hiʻona i loko o ka Bedroom kaʻa kaiapuni.

E like me kona, hoʻokomo DKW-F8, "Zwickau" i ka transverse engine. Aia i Ua wai-ka huʻihuʻiʻana a me ka kaa uila'ōnaehana He 12 volts. Ke gearbox ua he ekolu-ke kahua. O ka mea i manao ai hiʻona e e kaulana kaula, kapa. He holo pono ma ka radiator ka huʻihuʻiʻana. 'Uhane o ka GDR, ka oaoieei-hiʻona a hiki kähähä, hahau mea mahalo ia i keia la.

AWZ P70 kaʻa i ka laina iecaianoaaiiuo i ka 1955, a he mau flaws. Ma kekahi, e loaa komo i ka ukana pahu, na noho e kūkulu i, ua kuu iho la i pono. Nō naʻe, he ole palemoʻaoʻao puka makani. A makahiki ma hope,ʻikeʻia combi mana, i loaa i ka nui kīpaku, a me ka malamalama kaupaku i ka insulated kemikalaʻili. More haʻuki kükohu Ua hookuu ia o ka makahiki ma hope, a i ka me ka nui loa redesigned kino, akā, i ka hae no kēia mau machines engine.

Ke kaulana "Trabant"

Trabant ma Kelemāniaʻano "Sputnik". Ke kala ana o keia cult kaʻa i ee aku i ka 1957, ka wā o ka mua Soviet ukali i ee aku i loko o ka lewa. I ka huina helu o nā kaa, paʻiʻia ma lalo o ka inoa "Trabant", a me P70 mua, loa 3 miliona. Kēia kaʻa momoku ahi o ka GDR ua he maoli hōʻailona o ka aina. No mea pehea hoʻohana pākela i, "Trabi", a me ka mahalo i kēia mīkini he nui helu ana o kanaka ke "kū ma luna o nā huila." No laila, aha i keia kaʻa?

E like me kona, hoʻokomo "Zwickau P70", "Trabant P50" (e like me ka mana o ka P60 a me P601) i duroplastovy kino ma ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia iwi. Ka mana pa alima ua he mau-mapuna nona iho o ka 26 nā lika. i kekahi. a ua he 0.5 a 0,6 hano ka leo. Pake anuanu maila ua ma ka lewa. I wahie i ka carburetor ma ka umekaumaha i loaa mai i ka wahie pahu, a ua noho aiʻaneʻi, i loko o ka engine pahu. Chadyaschie engine ma hope lilo i nuiʻole. No ka mea, o ka mea ma ka "Trabi" ua he inoa kapakapa - ". Quadruple mokokailala mahiole a me ka mea mau"

Ka mua a me ka hope o ke kula, he kuokoa. Structurally, ka mea i hana ia ma ka transverse wai. Ua lawe mai kūlike loa kōmike hoʻokele kapa i ke aloha a hiki i ka hoowalaniaia iho au kapa. Part o ke kaʻa, 'ia no ka poʻe me ke kino kīnā, i he kalaka nui-akomi gearbox. EYI ho'ā 'hana lima ma ka Keaukaha, a me ka lālau ua hana koho ma ka hana electromechanicalʻaha kanaka.

I ka 1988, o ka "Trabant" Upgrade i P1.1 kŘkohu. Na ka papa kuhikuhiE loli - ka hou engine, mai HI Polo nona iho o ka 41 nā lika. i kekahi. a me ka hana ana i ka leo o ka 1.1 nā lika. Kaawale mai ka Classic sedan, Trabant i hua mai i loko o ke koa hale. Aia ua no hoi he kumu hoʻohālike o ka hamama ka pu no kaua a me ka aiia. Ohua hi o ka GDR, ka mōʻaukala o ka honua a ua ulu pu ia me ka hana, i ka mea hea ka mea me ka heluna kanaka. "Trabi" - kekahi o ia mau hi.

"Wartburg" mai ka GDR

Mark o ka GDR "Wartburg" kaʻa - i ka lua o ka loa kaulana ma hope o ka "Trabant". Ua akoakoa mau kaa i ka mea kanu i loko o Eisenach 1956 hou ma hope. Ke kumu no ke kaʻa i mālama ai e like me ka "IFA F9" a me ka DKW F9, i i puka mai mamua. Model inoa ua Wartburg 311. Akä naÿe i ka "Trabant" a me kona hoʻokomo, ka "Wartburg" i oi metala ma ka manao. Ke kino ua oi ma muli o ia mea i loko o ke kaʻa ua nui aku akea hoi.

I ka mana o ka mokuna 311 ma Wartburg ua 3-paukūʻolokaʻa elua-hahau ana. Normal lubrication'ōnaehana nō i ole, ua invented. No ia mea, mai ka uahi a no ka maluhiluhi ua i lohe kekahi a me ka kiʻiona mokokailala leo i ka wa a ka engine e holo. Nō hoʻi, e like Trabant, "Wartburg" i ka wai ka huʻihuʻiʻana. Nā pono o ke kükohu i loaʻa i ke 'ano o kēia au i kēlā mau makahiki nana.

I ka 1965, o ka "Wartburg" ua undergoing modernization. Ua Ua ua me ka nui loa redesigned kino. Kaluakauwa laina i nā auou caiaiai pololei. Nā loli i ua helu 353. Large roomy kumu, a hiki hou hoopahaohao Ke Ana Hoʻohālike hale a me ka kalaka kona kalaka. Helehelena kaʻa kekahi reminiscent o ka Soviet VAZ-2101. I ka papa kuhikuhiE keakea ana o ke kükohu i ka ia 2-hahau engine. Small-unahiʻole, i? Iecaianoaaiiuo i ka "Wartburg" oi pipiʻi, ma ka Akä naÿe i ka ia "Trabi". Nohona ma, nae, o ka uku ua loaʻa, a me ka kaʻa i ana hoʻolilo i kokoke'āina.

Hope ke kūkulu houʻana "Wartburg" iloko i ka 1988. A laila, i ke kaʻa loaa ka helu 1,3 a loaa i ka maʻamau Hawaii mai HI Polo ka leo o 1,3 nā lika. Eia naʻe, no ka ponoʻanoʻenehana nahā i ua Ua ikaika, a ma ka makahiki 1991 i kuai i ka mea kanu mai ma Opel. At Wartburg i keia la, e like me ke koena o ka GDR hi - he rarity.

Soviet BMW

Ua ua ike ia ma luna o ka mokuna o ka Soviet Kelemānia (a East Kelemānia) i ka hola BMW. He aha ke ano o ke kaa i lawe i ka mea kanu, a i kekahi nationalized? Koke ma hope o ka kaua malaila i i BMW 321 a me BMW 327. ka hope kükohu mea he Classic haʻuki kaʻa i ka manawa. No ka mea, o kona kulana uʻi mawaho nānā aku o ka mīkini hūnā 6-paukūʻolokaʻa a me kaʻaneʻane 2-hano engine. I wahie komo ka engine 2 carburetors. 327 hoohalike hiki hōʻeleu i 125 km / h.

Ma hope o ka hoʻokumuʻo o ka GDR e hoʻohana BMW momoku ahi i lilo ole i ke Akua. Nolaila, ka mea i dala ma kona inoa - ", ka Eisenach Hawaii Hana Hou" EMW, i unuhi 'ia hoʻi A me ka mea mua kumu hoʻohālike o ka hou poʻe i loko o ka makahiki 1949, lilo EMW 340. Ua Ua redesigned BMW 326, a, ma ka mea, o ka mua iho kaʻa GDR. Loa redesigned kino, a waihoʻaneʻane kŰlń powerplant. Ano, i ke kaʻa ke holo elima o lakou. Ikehu ua, ua mahuahua no ka 4200 rev. / Min. Eia naʻe, ma muli o ia ka nuipa a nui o ka mea i kā mākou māmā ua emi o - 120 km / h.

3 produces ka hoʻololi 'ana EMW 340: sedan, ku hale a combi hale, a i ua hana o ka lāʻau. Ke kaʻa Ua hoʻohana nui i loko o ke aupuni lawelawe e like me ka makai, Ho 'Oponopono a me ke aupuni ma lalo nei. Ka hapa nui o na kaa i keia la e komo i loko o retrovystavkah a me ka mea naniʻeleu ola. He nui na oaoieei-pāʻoihana i ua hoʻohana EMW, a laila, e kû ana i loko o ka "Wartburg 311". Real GDR kaa, kiʻi, hōʻikeʻano o ka i hiki ke loaʻa i loko o kēia 'atikala i keia la - maoli rarities.

Kaa no ke apo no ka ihu lāhui - "Melkus RS1000"

Mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka heihei kaʻa mai ka German aupuni Repubalika, a ohi i ka uuku Workshop ma lalo o ka lima o Heinz Melkusa. Kēia kanaka i ka avid racer apo hookahi. Mua ia i wehe i ka kula holoʻana, a laila, ua ka manaʻo, e ohi i ke kanaka ma muli o "Wartburg" kânaka hi.

I ka 1959 hele mai la ka mua haʻuki Lolina o Melkusa. Ka palapala ka inoa ua puni hoʻi: "Melkus-Wartburg". I ka makahiki 1968, ua hoʻomaka 'hana ma luna o ke kino i loko o ka palapala o ka haʻuki coupe mai o Minvielle i. Kēia kükohu kuhi i ke 'ano o ka gull-'ēheu puka. E like me ka mana o ka mokuna hoʻohana 70 a 90 horsepower Hawaii ma ka buke o ka 1-1.2 nā lika. Mahalo ia ia, he heihei kaʻa e hiki aku ka wikiwiki mai i 165 km / h (no ka 9 kekona i 100 km / h). Ua hoʻololi 'ia i koho Melkus RS1000. Wale ma kahi o 100 kope i lawe. Eia naʻe, ma hope o ka make ana o Heinz, e hoʻomau i ka hana ma luna o ka hana ana i haʻuki kaa i ole hiki mai ana.

All-huila a holo kaʻa o ka GDR

GDR hi hiki ole kaena kea, eia nae, he maoli a pau-huila a holo (4 × 4) machines, i mea ole puunaue. Ka loa mua ua "Horch". Waho kai ka mea, ua ka Horch 901, akā, i ka inoa ua okoa - HK1. Aia ua lele V-type engine, a he 80 ho'āo ai. i kekahi. ma ka buke o 3,6 nā lika.

Ka lua o ka eha-huila holo kaa i hua mai ma ka mua lala o BMW ma Eisenach. Main inoa - P1, akā, ua'ē aʻe nā koho: EMW 325/3, KFZ 3. By kaʻa i ka 2-hano 6-paukūʻolokaʻa mana pa alima o 55 nā lika. i kekahi. Ma mua o ke kanu loa hou ma lalo o ka "Wartburg", e hoʻokele i ka hana ma kahi o 160 mau'āpana P1.

Ke kumu o eha-huila a holo ÷, ka GDR i manao like P2. Ua Ua hua mai la i ka ike ole ia "mea 37" iloko o ka manawa mai ka 1955 a hiki i 1958. ma kahi o 1,800 huahelu i hua mai la i keia manawa. Externally, ke kaʻa ua loa manoanoa. Angular pelane o ke kino i ua paha ua nike i ka paka. Akā, no kēiaʻano huna ikaika 6-paukūʻolokaʻa engine o 2.4 hano ka leo i 65 nā lika. i kekahi. a me ka pōkole-huila-a holo kumu.

Ka hope kūpono 'ana o ke GDR akamai ua lilo i kükohu p3. Ua lilo lepo,ʻae, a hiki hou - 330 mm o. Helu o Hawaii "lio" i mahuahua i 75. A lilo iho la oi presentable ano o ke kino. Eia ua he 4-ka māmā holo e manual a me 2-māmā hoolilo hihia. Oe ke ka laka 'ana i ka waena palena pau.

Light kona kalaka "Barkas"

'Uhane o ka GDR, a i ka momoku ahi IFA inoa maoli i nā huahana o kekahi hui. One ikeia vans a me ka malamalama ia i kona kalaka i "Launch". Two-mapuna engine o ka "Wartburg" He oiaio no i ka mea maikaʻi loa pāʻoihana. Ma keia hihia, "Barkas" he kuokoa wehe i ka ikehu no kēlā me kēia huila. Mahalo i ka mea mua-huila a holo kāpena palaoa i loko o vans ua ka loa undervalued. Kēia kōʻiʻo Kalaiaina a puni.

3-paukūʻolokaʻa engine me ka buke o ka 1 hano hangʻia kaa mai ai i 8 kanaka i 100 km / h. Ka mua kēia o "Longboat" i ka inoa V 901/2 a ua ua me ka ka hāʻuleʻanaʻaoʻao puka. He hua mai la ia i ke kaa ma ka 1951-1957 makahiki.

Ma hope o ka hoʻololi 'ana, he mau kaa me ka engine, mai IL: "Moskvich 412". Kēia hāpana Ua inoa Barkas B1000. Hope, i ka 1989, ma ka "Launch" Ua hoʻouka kekahi kakolina diesel 4-mapuna Hawaii mai HI. 'inideka hoohalike pela hoʻololi i B1000-1.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o "Longboat B1000" loaa he nui helu o specializations. Here he:

• microbus;
• kaa no ka ambulance;
• ke ahi kiko'ī;
• kaa no ka resuscitation;
• insulated vans.

GDR hi "Barkas" he nui i loko o koi. No ka manawa a pau o ko lākou? Iecaianoaaiiuo ia i hoʻokuʻu aneane 180 000 huahelu.

Ia i kona kalaka "IFA"

No ka mea hopuna'ōlelo "kona kalaka" Elisa "Ua hiki ole i ka ike wale nô o ka kekahi kaʻa i ka kekahi, ae hoʻomaopopoʻia. I kekahi manawa ka mea, ua he hailona no ka hilahila, akā, e ho'ōla ua noʻonoʻo IFA kona kalaka W50L kaʻa me ka lahui inoa" Ellie ", ke palapala W i loko o ka inoa pili ia i ke kūlanakauhale, i kahi mea i ke hoʻololi keia kaʻa - Werdau a palapala o ka L -. i ke kulanakaukale, i kahi mea ua hua mai -, ka helu 50 Ludwigsfelde mai nei i ka kona kalaka ke lawe 50 quintals, a me 5 nā kana.

IFA W50L he kakolina diesel mana mokuna mua me 110 nā lika. ka, a ma hope o nā loli -. me 125 nā lika. i kekahi. Ua produces he nui helu o ka hoakaka o ka kona kalaka. Aiaʻoiaʻiʻo he firefighters, nā manuʻioʻio, dump ia i kona kalaka,ʻeli rigs. Ka Hawaii photo o koa kona kalaka o ka GDR hiki i ke depicted ponoia mai W50L.

Kona kalaka "Ellie" i ka nui koi, a ua nui kaulana,ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o East Germany, akā, i kahi e. Ka USSR Ua hoʻohana pū Hoʻololi 'kona kalaka, a me ka flatbed kona kalaka. Over ka holoʻokoʻa 25-makahiki 'alemanaka mai ka mea hoʻoili iho oi ma mua o 570 tausani huahelu.

Na ia i kona kalaka "Robur"

"Robur" mea he meakino-hana ia i kona kalaka, ua hanaʻia i loko o 1961 ma ke kūlanakauhale o Zittau. Lo Model 2500 ke lawe mai i 2,5 tona o ka payload. Aia ua no hoi he kakolina diesel kēia LD 2500 a me nā mea a pau-huila a holo koa hoʻokolohua o aia 1800a, nana i ka waiwai o ka 1,800 kg.

I ka 1973 ua ka hooponopono hou i loko o ke ala o ka hoʻoulu i ka lawe 'auhau. Ano, kakolina diesel kaʻa hoala 2,6 tons, a kakolina - 3 a me 2 tona. Ua lilo nui ikaika Powertrains. 75 "lio" Ua lilo kakolina "Robur" a me 70 - kakolina diesel. Kaba noho ua hoʻololiʻia a me kekahi neo? Aaiiai? 3 kanaka.

Ke kaʻa uaʻaʻole like mahalo me ka IFA W50L, a ma ka hapalua like-70s hoomaka ae la e lilo i obsolete. Aneane pau ukana GDR kaa, kiʻi o ka i hiki ke ike i keia 'atikala, i ka mea angular' ano apau loa. Akā, i ka papa kuhikuhiE nahā i ua, o ka papa, iiaie oaoieei.

Pono hale multikar

GDR kaa he pāka hi a me ia i kona kalaka. Akā, i waena o ia mau mea, ua mau 'ikamu i Multicar. Kēia kukui-hana ia i kona kalaka no kela hana. Onipaa no ka hana multikary, a hea - Multicar. Ua mau ae pono i ka 2005.

First multikary GDR manao no ka hoi o ka makana o ka waiwai i loko o ka, aee ?? a me ka hola akea maikai. Kēia kakolina diesel kaa DK2002 a me DK2003. Hope, ke Hoʻololi 'kükohu DK2004 i ka inoa o Multicar M21. Kēia kona kalaka kekahi i ua progressively elaborated. Inā i mua o ka Keaukaha ke ku wale ia, a laila, noho iho la ia, a ho'ōla lilo i papalua kāpena multikara.

GDR nā kaʻa'ōhua

Ma waho aʻeo i ka paka o ka hi, a i kona kalaka ma ka GDR he ua he kaʻa'ōhua manufacturing poe. Ka mea, i hua mai ma kekahi hana Fritz Fleischer. Brand S1 a me S2 nā kaʻa'ōhua i kūkulu i ke kumu o IFA H6B. Ma na 70s ka mua kumu hoʻohālike o ke kino, a auou caiaiai i ka inoa: S4 a me S5, kekahi me kekahi. 'Uhane o ka GDR hoailona S4, S5 a i ka hopena o ka 80 i ka hoʻolako i ka hana nui, no ka mea, ke kaawale mai ka haole "Ikarus" nā kaʻa'ōhua i loko o ka Union ua ole hou.

kahi o ka hopena

Noonoo pono i ka GDR kükohu kaa, e ike i ka holoʻokoʻa mōʻaukala o ke kahua. Awkward a unsightly-nana kaa, ua piha kōkua kanaka o ia mau manawa. A i keia manawa o ka GDR hi - pono curiosities.