GRUB kīpaku loader o ka pae'ōnaehana'ōnaehana: napoo ana hōʻikeʻano. Mea hoʻonoho a me ka GRUB ke ola

More ma mua o ke kakini hou mea hoʻohana o ka pae'ōnaehana nenoai 'ē aʻe ma mua o Windows, ia he maikaʻi nui o ke kanalua, a skepticism aloha i ka hopuna'ōlelo "kīpaku loader" i loko o kā mākou mau lā. Aʻaʻole loa Logical kumu: i ka hapanui o nā malihini, i kona hoʻololi i ka hoʻohana 'ana o kekahi, emi, he pono ole ma ka makeke o ka pae'ōnaehana nenoai ma maʻamau o ke ola hoʻohana i ka ia Windows. Ua Uaʻike ihola i ka loa primitive loader a me ka aniani moakaka. A inā paha ia mea i kekahi mea i mea kō pono no ka awelika hoʻohana, akā, i ka mea ia manawaʻoki i ka functionality o ka mua loa hanohano a me ka versatile OS. Nolaila, a pau ka poe i manao e hoʻolohe i nā huahana ke IT-hana, e oiaio no e kama'āina me ka ao loader GRU, a hou me ka nui loa kōkua i loko o ka hana me ka mau ke hoʻohana nenoai ma kekahi kamepiula.

Universal koʻi no ka ole-paʻa nenoai

Mua o nā mea a pau, e mākou e hana ai me ka GNU GRUB inoa. Kēia hua h ÷ ailona mai English Luna Nui hoʻokahi Bootloader translates me "he hoʻokahi papa kuhikuhiE bootloader." Kona mea nāna i hana i ka pili-waiwai hui «GNU Project", i lilo kaulana i loko o ka IT-poepoe o ko lākou noa lako polokalamu. Ka loa ia GRUB inherently makana i ka 'ike no koho Download OS mea hoʻohana pono mai i ka papa inoa o nā kākoʻo pae'ōnaehana nenoai:

• Linux.
• FreeBSD.
• Solaris.

Ma keia hihia, GRUB hiki e hana me Windows. Eia naʻe, e holo i ka 'oihana, i mea ole' ana i kākoʻo 'ia e ka' ikepili o ka kīpaku loader, i kona mau kūikawā nuances mea mākou e nānā i hope ma ka au mamuli a me au mamuli.

Ke alanui o ka 'ike loea hou ulu

GRUB steadily ulu hiʻona i ka hp'pnphp kumu, a pushes relentlessly e hoʻomohala a me ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i ka loader i loko o ka wā e hiki mai. Ka loa mua hoʻokolohua o ka loader, haawiia keia i like GRUB Ka Hoʻoilina, nō Makuakane me na hana o ka hoʻokahi bootloader no UNIX-me nenoai. Ākea kākoʻo no ka mea hui (e like RedHat a me Novell) a me ka hāʻawi 'ana kikowaena haawi ia oi hooloihi ae i ka wā o ke ola me ka a pau.

Naʻe, i kēia mea loa, aole hopena ma luna o ka hou ia hana o ka bootloader, no laila mea hoʻohana loaa Ua rewritten ka polokalamu ma keia wahi o ka manawa kēia o ka GRUB 2. me ka laina maemae, apuepue i ka GRUB 2, e haawi mai i kekahi mea i loko o like me ka hoʻoilina GRUB Legacy, koe wale no ka inoa . I kēia lā, e like me ka paʻamau kēia o Ubuntu 9,10 pae'ōnaehana'ōnaehana, ka GRUB lua hou i ke aloha i kona oi holomua a me ka ikaika 'ole loa i papani ai ka mea hou e kūpono' ana o ka ua nui pono-ai i loko o ka Palapala Hoʻoilina i hala iho nei.

Eia naʻe, mai ka kinohi mai a hiki i ka mea hoʻomaka e ike i GRUB 2 - oi hiki ole i ka hana, like me ka mea mua mana, ke kīpaku loader. No laila, ma ka mea e hoʻopale mea hoʻohana ku e hiki pilikia a me ka pilikia, e hoʻomau 'ia e kekahi mea, a piha i ka nani mea kiko'ī, ka naʻauao o ka mea e lawe piha ka lanakila o na HOU a pau o ka hope mana, a me ka loa o ka hailonaʻana no ia:

• Kōmi kākoʻo (pōʻaiapuni, rula, DEBFULLNAME, a me ka oihana).
• Ka mea kiʻi mau ' kō ke kohoʻia e hoʻololi i keʻano o ka loader e hoʻopiʻi kanaka hoʻohana ho'āʻo iho au i (GRUB 2 hiki ke eaaei hoʻololi mai o kaʻeleʻele, a keʻokeʻo o ka papaʻaina a hiki i ke kaila nunui-i nā pōpō pahu).
• Manawa kūpono o ka hōʻeuʻeu podgruzki modules. Kēia e ae, e hoʻonui i ka functionality mea,ʻaʻole ma kaʻaha ke kahua, akā, 'ana i runtime.
• Hoʻokaulike me kekahi mau architectures.
• I hoʻohuiʻia kākoʻo no ka ukana Mac OS.
• I hoʻohuiʻia ka pilina paʻa hana me ka waihona nenoai like: FAT16, FAT32, NTFS, i kekahi mana ext, XFS a me ISO
• Keʻa-anuu 'ano o ka mea hoʻonoho nō e ka mea e hiki ai i ka hoʻouka GRUB2 me kaʻokoʻa kuhikuhipuʻuone
• Ke hoike maluhia pololei ana o ka hihia o problematic wahi, i hiki.
• Paa kuʻia mai ka kahiko GRUB Legacy, i mua hiki ole e paa no ka hope hoʻokaulike.

E noke ana aku ma lalo o GRUB kapa no ka pono ka mea e e ea ae GRUB 2 mana, a mākou i uhi i ka piha no kēlā inexperienced hoʻohana.

Ua lohe ka mea e pili ana i ka LILO?

O ka holo ana,ʻaʻole wale he hookahi GRUBʻom kaupalena hoʻohana wae ai OS nā kaʻa hāpai. A like analogy o LILO - ka bootloader ka Linux (i ka Linux Loader), i mea nō,ʻaʻole loa haalele i kona pilina. Aka, ma ka lokomaikai o ke GRUB E noʻonoʻo i kekahi mau kiʻiona hiʻona i ka pololei competitor nae maopopo leʻa hiki ole kaena.

• LILO Kākoʻo ke hoʻoukaʻia kŰia ke kau wale 16 ka wā GRUB i ke kākoʻo mai o ka kona palena helu o configs.
• GRUB hiki ke hoʻoili ma ka mea ulana pukapuka, kūloko hiki ole ke olelo mai no LILO.
• Eia hoi, LILO 'aʻole ole i ka noho luna ana o ka pä mau', i i loihi ua maʻa i ka pono o nā mea hoʻohana o ka hope loa kēia o ka GRUB.

Na wale na hiʻona o nā ka loader ua i koi 'ia kēlā me kēia manawa, e i hoʻouluulu i nā hoʻololi i loko o ka' ike no. akomi koe kuleana pili i ua lōʻihi ua nele i loko o ka hui kālepa loader Linux. GRUB 2 no hoi hiki ole kaena ia o ka hiʻona mākaukau. Akā, e lawe i loko, no keia kekahi kaʻao ka mea maʻamau o hana nuance, ka LILO ma kekahi mau heluʻai haalele i kona competitor, no laila, loaʻa nui a oi laha i waena o ka hale kamepiula mea hoʻohanaʻo ia.

A hāpai GRUB: a pau nā nuances a me nā mea kiko'ī o ke kaʻina

Mai ka hoʻomaka ', eʻoiaʻiʻo ia oe i ka lākou o Ubuntu, a i kona kīpaku pā hōkū (LiveCD). Omaka i ka'ōnaehana, e pono e kapa aku i ka maʻi pōkoleʻoneki Ctrl + Alt + F2, a laila,? Aaeno ia i loko o ka kēia mau kauoha:

- sudo hoʻohui-e akamai hoi-waihona ppa: cjwatson / grub,

- sudo hui-kiʻi IeAIIeXIAaIEN && sudo hui-kiʻi e hoʻouka grub2,

- sudo IeAIIeXIAaIEN-grub2.

A hiki ina oe i ole hoʻouka kekahi Ubuntu, akā, he mea he LiveCD, ke kaʻina hana koe ka mea like me kekahi wale moku like. Ma hope o booting mai ia kīpaku pā hōkū, koho "E ho'āʻo Ubuntu" - pela oe e holo i ka'ōnaehana me kekahi loli ma kāu kamepiula. A laila, hoʻomau i ka hoʻouka GRUB loader i loko o ka oia e like me ka maʻi pae o ke kahea.

E hōʻoia i ka hoʻouka kekahi mana o ka bootloader hiki grub-e hoʻouka -v kauoha, e like me 'ana a me ka loa hoʻoili Ubuntu.

GRUB hoʻomaka kaʻina

E like me ka mea paa o ka kīpaku loader GRUB E hoʻouka i kuhikuhi EUIAaIN ka MBR karaima ma kou iho. MBR - he kaiaulu na ka haku kīpaku mooolelo (mai ka 'ōlelo Pelekānia. , No ka Haku ke Kumu o ka kīpaku ka Record) i loaʻa i loko wale:

• iniiaiie kīpaku code (446 nāʻai);
• paku papa hōʻike no nā iniiaiie a me ka haumāna paku o ka paʻakikī pā hōkū (64 nāʻai).

No ka mea, o ka mea uuku ka leo o ka MBR kaiaulu, olalo GRUB fits i loko o nā conditional kūlana:

1. Ka MBR ke aupuni 'pili ana i ka AEI IAOOOIeEEeE (a e ia i loko o kekahi o ka paakiki a holo, ma ka manao o ka mea hoʻohana). He no ia, a, e e hooponoponoia ia mea, ma nā mea a pau o ka kīpaku pae, e hoomaka ana ma ka lua o ke kahua.
2. Lākou AEI IAOOOIeEEeE ka loaʻa o nā mea a pau AEI a me kaʻikepili e pono ai no ka GRUB. Inā iʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka lua o ke kahua o ka AEI IAOOOIeEEeE, ke kīpaku kaʻina hana e e 'ōlelo a me ka mea hoʻohana mua i ka hana lima wae i kīpaku hoʻonohonohoʻia, mai ke kauoha laina.

Oia ke 'ole e leie aku ka haawe ana i ka e ma nā kaiāulu GRUB configurable a me ka'ōlewa ma mua o na mea he nui' ē aʻe analogs, ma i ke kaʻina ua Nohie i kekahi i kā mākou compactness.

Ka loa mau hoʻohana hooluolu mai ia kauoha

Nui kūpono o ka hana ka lewa i loko o ke hooluolu mai ia ano, i ka hope loa kēia o GNU GRUB, AUOO a me ka hoʻonohonohoʻia uea 'a e hoomaona mea hoʻohana. I mea e kiʻi iā ia, e holo ikaika aku nei i ka "C" kī ana hōʻike i ke kīpaku 'ike no, a laila, e i kupono kou komo ana i nā kauoha oe wale:

kauoha	hōʻikeʻano	Laʻana o nā manaʻo kōkua i loko o ke hooluolu mai ia
ls	Universal kauoha no ka hana me ka papa helu paakiki kipaku aku ai, a i pohā. Ua hiki ke hoʻohana i ka hōʻike 'ana i nā mea o ka waihona.	ls / kīpaku / grub
	Kona hoʻohana e haawi piha lāliʻi o ka loa i kekahi māhele. Ma keia hihia, no ka waihona'ōnaehanaʻano e e makemake ai ma luna o laila, e koho ia, i ka UUID, a me ka lā o ka hope loli.	ls (HD *, *) * * - pā hōkū ka helu a me ka paku helu ma luna o ka mea e like
popoki	IeEeAUUXAAaO 'ike e pili ana i kahi o ka hoakaka waihona.	popoki / ala / filename
makefile linux	Mea like GRUB Kernel-kime o ka maikai kahiko mana o Legacy, e leie aku e download Na ka hoakaka Linux Kernel.	makefile linux fayl_yadra option1 = waiwai option2 OPTION3
chainloader	Ke hoolilo o ka hooponopono ana i kekahi kīpaku loader ma luna o ke kaula. Ke loader E E huli wale i loko o ka pauku, i ua hoakakaia e like me he kumu (o ka papa, a me ka hana i ho'ākāka 'executable waihona).	chainloader / ala / filename
mole	I ka hoʻohana 'ana i ke kauoha me kekahi mea kiko'î ka mea hoʻohana e loaa' ike e pili ana i ke kumu-pauku, e like me ka pono me ma luna ia o ka waihona'ōnaehana type.	mole
	Emi, he pono ole (no ka mea, o ka pahiki o ka pololei ole hana) ua hoʻohana 'ia e hoolilo i kekahi kumu pauku.	mole (HD *, *) * * - pā hōkū ka helu a me ka paku helu ma luna o ka mea e like
huapalapala	Loa pinepine manawa i kona kumupaʻa a me ka hana hoʻohana i ka 'aʻe' i ke kumu-paku ma luna o ka pā hōkū.	i mole = (HD *, *) * * - pā hōkū ka helu a me ka paku helu ma luna o ka mea e like
huli	Forum Search 'Amelika UUID, i' ae 'ole ma ka hōʻike hewa i hoakaka ia waihona. ʻO kēia mau ki e hoʻohana i ka hoakaka i ka huli kiko'î: ? u (a --fs-uuid) - huli i ka mokuna ma ka UUID; H ( 'ole --label) - huli no Tag pauku; f (ole --file) - huli no i kekahi waihona; N (a --no-floppy) - skipping ka wā o kéu ka floppy holo; mau (ole --set) - Loaa ia i pauku e like me ka waiwai o ka haawi mai ee iaaanu aey. Ka hui, e hele mai i loko o mākaukau ina o ka helu ana o nā pā, a i pohā "lele", no ka mea, o ka mea i ke kime i kumu a me ke kēpau, e wahi, a ma ka pauku hewa o ka mea hewa pā hōkū.	huli -u uuid_nuzhnogo_razdela huli -l pauku mark huli -f / ala / filename
lsfonts	Ka hōʻike 'ana i ka papa inoa o ke hoʻoukaʻia nei nā kinona hua ma ka minute.	lsfonts
kōkua	Hoʻohana 'ia no ka hōʻike' ana i ka holoʻokoʻa papa inoa o ka loaʻa hooluolu mai ia kauoha.	kōkua
	A i 'ole, e hōʻike' ana i na kauoha i hoʻomaka me ka kekahi pu ana o ka hōʻailona.	kōkua ke - ia ka kōkua no nā kauoha a e hoʻomaka ana me ka mau. kōkua i - ka hōʻike 'ana kōkua ma ka huapalapala kauoha.
terminal_output.console	Ka hoʻololiʻana iʻeleʻele-a-keʻokeʻo ia ka waihoʻoluʻu gamut.	terminal_output.console
background_image	Hoʻololi i ke kāʻei kua kiʻi i loko o maoli manawa. Wale ka mea kōkua ma ke koho ana i keia koho Font manao, no laila, i ka mea e hiki i ka mea i haawiia mai kāʻei kua. 'Ōlelo Aʻo: ke kauoha' aʻole e hoʻololi i ka helu palapala koho - i ke kiʻi koe ma ke kāʻei kua wale nō i loko o kaʻikena Ahaolelo a na kekahi shutdown.	background_image / ala / filename
kīpaku	Kīpaku i ke kamepiula.	kīpaku
reboot	Reboot i ke kamepiula.	reboot
oopa	Pani ia i ka kamepiula.	oopa

Postinstallation GRUB: AUOO a me ka pono keia mau mea i loko o ka lako polokalamu

I ka papa kuhikuhiE AEI IAOOOIeEEeE ma GRUB2, e like me ka mua kēia o ka Legacy, mea ole /boot/grub/menu.lst, a ua /boot/grub/grub.cfg. Eia naʻe, pono hoʻoponopono i ia pointless - ia e paha me kēlā me kēia loli hoolaia ma ka palapala koho waihona / a pela aku / ka paʻamau / grub, a me nā moʻolelo keaka papa kuhikuhi /etc/grub.d.

Na / a pela aku / ka paʻamau / grub hoʻonohonohoʻia holo nōhie kaupalena 'e hou-download Na ka maʻamau wahi, a / a manawa make' ike no:

• Ma ka paukū mua o nā loli kuleana GRUB_DEFAULT aiao kona waiwai ua hōʻikeʻia e ka aia helu i loko o ka kīpaku 'ike no. E koho i kekahi 'ē aʻe'ikamu, ka mea hoʻohana pono i kona prioritization o ka mau papa (e pono e nānā i nā mea o ka /boot/grub/grub.cfg, a loaʻa i ka makemake mau ukana ma luna o ka mooolelo). Mākou E ole hoopoina helu rula: ka muaʻoi ua ia i ka waiwai o ka 0, ka lua - 1, i ke kolu o ka - 2 a pela ma ka.
• Ma kīpaku 'ike no make kali hou aku; hoʻopili like GRUB_TIMEOUT aiao nona ka waiwai i haawi ia ma quotation hoailona Hōʻike i ka helu o nā kekona manawa a kēia kiʻi i Konakele. Ke hoʻoponopono o keia aiao mea hoʻokahi tricky hiʻona: kau i ka waiwai o ka "-1", ka screensaver, e līʻia e like me na lōʻihi me ka hoʻohana Nāna e koho i ka'ikamu.

He poʻe o nā moʻolelo keaka ma /etc/grub.d i nā mea a pau hoʻouka kekahi ma luna o ka kamepiula'ōnaehana a me ka nucleus, ho okumu i ka kīpaku 'ike no ka grub.cfg. Search no ka Kora naʻEsau, a me ke hoʻohana nenoai, niioaaonoaaiii halawai mau walaʻauʻana: 10_linux a me 30_os-prober. 40_custom AEI apono 'oe e hoʻololi i ka GRUB ma ka pepa i kou mau haawe kumu, i mea pono no ka hana me ka mauʻano o ka'ōnaehana olalo-mai (e hoailona oukou ia no kekahi loli ka mea, e hoopau i ka hakahaka laina, a me ka hope wahi o ka ukana a pau o ka banal manaʻo eʻaʻole e hōʻike).

Eia naʻe, a he hiki pono o ke ala, e hoʻoponopono i ka GRUB ma Ubuntu'ōnaehana - auoiauo Grub-Customizer. Manawa i kona pono io a me ka intuitive mau ', ka mea, o ka pono koho, e kele i ke kīpaku loader mea kūpono no ka inexperienced malihini,. E? Ac holo i ka maʻi (Ctrl + Alt + T), a laila, kekahi e kekahi, komo ia i loko o ka kēia mau kauoha:

- sudo hoʻohui-e akamai hoi-waihona ppa: danielrichter2007 / grub-customizer,

- sudo hui-loaaʻi ka IeAIIeXIAaIEN,

- sudo hoʻokomo-kiʻi e hoʻouka grub-customizer.

A inā Grub-Customizer polokalamu unuhi lau nui ia ia i ka pono hana ana, e maopopo loa maʻalahi i loko o ia:

• List hoʻonohonohoʻia - Ka 'ike no ka hoʻopaʻa' ana i ka wa a kou kahua. Aia ua lawe mai i ka loli prioritization o na mau.
• XIX. Palapala koho -'ōnaehana ukana ma ka paʻamau, e like me ka ho'ākāka 'ana o ka halihali manawa.
• Helehelena - Hoʻoponoponoʻana mawaho manao kīpaku 'ike no.

Ma waho a'e o nā'ano like'ole o nā kūlana, pono ka mea ho'ohana e ho'olohe pono i ka polokalamu i'ike'ia i ka'ike'ana me ka GRUB,'o ka ho'onohonoho a me nā diagnostics e lilo i mea maika'i loa aku:

• Super Grub pā hōkū - i ka mea a me ka pono koʻi lipi e koke hou kīpaku. I ka manawa like, hiki ke hana me GRUB a me LILO wale nō, akā, me Windows pū nō ho'i. Holo mai ka CD, nā pūnaewele a me nā disd disppy.
• GParted - paku luna hoʻoponopono pā hōkū i pohā, holo 'ana mai o ka CD. Me ia, hiki iā'oe ke hana i nā hana me nā māhele a me nā pūnaewele pūnaewele ma luna o lākou, e like me: ka hana'ana, ka holoi'ana, ka ho'oulu'ana, ka nānā'ana, ka ne'e'ana a me ke kope.
• SystemRescueCD - Linux distro pela papahana no ka poino ke ola.
• TestDisk - he pili i ka hoʻoponopono i leie aku oe e diagnose, a hana hou i like kaawale i pohā a kīpaku pā hōkū loa.

Pehea e ho'ouka ai ke kāpili pahu i Windows?

'O ka mea ma'amau,'a'ole hiki i ka GRUB ke ho'okūkū iā Windows x86 ('a'ohe kumu kūpono), no laila e pono ai e ho'okumu i kahi mechanical start chain. E hana i kēia, e pono e hoʻokomo i kekahi mau laina o kekahi kauoha ma ke AEIAa IAOOOIeEEeE grub.cfg:

- po'o inoa Windows,

- rootnoverify (hd *, *),

- makeactive,

- chainloader +1,

- kāma.

'O kahi hi'ohi'ona a me ka ho'ākāka piha'ana o ka mea hope i hā'awi'ia i loko o ka pākaukau o nā kauoha hō'olu'olu. I kēia manawa, ua hiki mai ka hihia kūpono i ka wā e pono ai ka hana. Eia na'e, ma mua o ia mea he'elua mau papahana ho'olālā Windows like'ole:

• rootnoverify (HD *, *) - na ia mea like huapalapala kumu. Hō'ike i ka GRUB e pili ana i kahi o ka māhele kahi e noho ai ka'ao'ao ma hope o ka pahu kapili, akā'a'ole e kau'ia (no ke kumu maopopo loa hiki'ole iā GRUB). E 'oluʻolu hou e hoailona oukou i ka hapa (HD *, *) - ua ka pā hōkū helu, a me ka paku helu pakahi ma ka a, e hoʻouka Windows.
• makeactive - hui hoʻolako ka hoakaka kumu paku kīpaku you.

Ano, i keia kauoha chainloader +1, a? Aaeaao a pau houʻana mai o ka Download ponoi kīpaku Windows.

'O ka hopena,'o ka kauoha hope hope e ho'okumu i ka ho'omaka o ka kāpili, a ma hope iho hiki iā'oe ke holo ma ka holoholo ma ka pūnaehana hana i wae'ia.

Ke hana'ia nei ho'i i ka ho'okomo'ia o kahi kīpī pa'akikī'a'ole ho'okahi, akā'elua mau'ano a'oi aku paha o Windows. A laila lawe mai i ka pilina paʻa mea hoʻomaka me kekahi mau kauoha, e hūnā / hōʻike (ʻili / unhide) paku mea wale unrealistic. 'O ka laina lalo, inā i loko o kahi waihona ho'olālā GRUB he hūnā o kekahi mahele o ka pūnaewele,'a'ole hiki iā Windows ke heluhelu i ka helu. A inā'ike'ia ka paukū, a laila hiki ke halihali'ia pēlā.

Inā he nui nā pūnaewele hana, e koho mua i kahi'ano like āu makemake e halihali ai, a laila e nānā i kona wahi kūpono - pono'oe e'ike i kahi o ka māhele o ka mākini lepili i ho'onohonoho'ia. Eia kekahi la'ana, aia'elua mau'ano like'ole o Windows, i ho'onohonoho'ia ma ka'ao'ao mua a me ka'elua o ka māka like ho'okahi, a pono ka mea ho'ohana e ki'i i ka lua. No ka hana'ana i kēia, e ho'okomo i nā ho'ololi i loko o ka menu.ish e waiho nei:

- po'o inoa Windows,

- hide (hd0,0),

- unhide (hd0,1),

- rootnoverify (hd0,1),

- makeactive,

- chainloader +1,

- kāma.

I e like me ka mea mua kivila hāpanaʻili a me ka unhide kauoha i ua hoʻohuiʻia, ma i ka mea hoʻohana ke sua i ka makemake pae'ōnaehana'ōnaehana mai o ka hoakaka paakiki pā hōkū paku.

Ke ho'ouka hou'ana i GRUB i ka hihia o nā pilikia ko'iko'i

I loko o ke'ano o nā pilikia palekana, he mea ma'alahi ke ho'iho'i'ia GRUB. E hoʻomaka ka hoʻoiliʻana i ka mea hoʻonoho LiveCD, wehe i ka maʻi pōkoleʻoneki CTRL + Alt + T.

Ma hope o kēia, ua ho'okomo mākou i kēia mau kauoha i kēlā me kēia:

• Sudo grub-install / dev / sda - ho'okohu i GRUB i ka MBR (sda - kōpae pu'upu'u);
• Loa'a hou-grub no Sudo - huli no nā mea papa'ē a'e ma ka pa'akiki (e like paha, Windows).

I kēia manawa, koe wale nō ia e ho'opau hou i ka kamepiula a e hō'oia i ka holomua o ka ho'okūkū o ka mea hou.

'O ka hopena o ka palekana no ka holo hou'ana

'O ka pono o kahi pūnaewele palekana i ho'okomo'ia i loko o ka loader load GRUB ke'ike'ia inā'ike'ia ka nui o nā loli i loko o ke ka'ina / var / log no ka kākau'ole o ka'ike i loko o lākou e ulu a'e i nā puke i hō'ole'ole'ia. I kahi papahana hana ma'amau, ho'olako'ia nā lawelawe kūikawā, ho'opa'a'ia a holoi i kēia mau papa i ke'ano kūikawā. No laila, ma ka hapanui o nā hihia, pono'ole ka ho'ohana pono'ana o ka mea ho'ohana i ka manawa e nānā ai i ko lākou leo.

Eia na'e, ua ho'omaka'ia kēia mau lawelawe wale nō ma hope o ka ho'okō'ana o ke pūnaehana hana. Ma mua o kēia,'a'ole i nānā pono'ia ka nui o nā waihona log i nā mea a pau,'o ia ke kumu i ka hopena o ka hā'ule o ka pūnaewele i mana'o'ole'ia a me nā hope hou, e ulu ana nā lā'au i ka nui. A laila, e ho'omau'ia ka ulu'ana o ka ulu'ana me ka lō'ihi e like me ka lō'ihi loa o ka hopena o ka hopena o ka'ōnaehana. Ma hope iho, hiki i kēia mea ke alaka'i i ka ho'opihapiha'ana o ka māhele i kahi e waiho'ia ai ka pūnaewele / var / log, a hiki'ole ke ho'omaka i ke'ano hoihoi.

Ma muli o kēia pilikia i hiki i ka pūnaewele GRUB, i ho'ohui'ia ma GRUB, e pale i nā reboots cyclic, ka huahana o ka menu "GROUB" hangi, e kakali ana no ke kikowaena o ka mea ho'ohana. Ho'opili'ia ka palekana e ka waiwai o ka'ikepili helu li'ili'i, i ho'ākāka'ia ma ka hōka /boot/grub/grub.cfg. I loko o kēlā me kēia e haawe Ua kau like recordfail = 1, a ma ke kahua hope ka'ōlelo huna e kīpaku recordfail = 0. A inā'a'ole i ho'okū'ia kēia hō'ano hou, ho'onele loa'ia ka ho'ouka'ana i ka ho'okae aunoa a ua ho'ohana'ia ka mālama GRUB like.

No keia mea, / a pela aku / defaul / grub ee iaaanu aey GRUB_RECORDFAIL_TIMEOUT imi, a haawi i ka pono a hiki i ka helu o nā kekona manawa a GRUB kuhikuhi kahua paʻa, e kali no ka hoʻohanaʻana i loko o ka wa e kaawale aku o ka'ōlelo huna recordfail mai ka 1 a hiki i 0. Ma hope iho ua aua oe i loli sudo IeAIIeXIAaIEN-grub kauoha, No laila e pale ai i ka palekana mai ka loopback hou.

Iā wai ka mea e pono ai? No nā kikowaena wale nō a me nā kikowaena i'ole kahi keyboard no nā'ike I /'O. Inā'ole, i ka hihia o ia mau pilikia,'a'ole hiki ke hāpai i ke kumuhana i nā mea a pau. 'A'ole i ma'alahi ka holo'ana o ka holo'ana o ka holo ka'a a'oi a'e ma muli o nā pilikia o ka mana ai'ole no nā pilikia o ka polokalamu.

Ke wehe'ana iā GRUB a me ka ho'i'ana iā Windows: wikiwiki, mālie a me ka'ole

Inā loa'a iā'oe kekahi nīnau "Pehea e wehe ai GRUB a ha'alele i ka mea ho'oili pahu o kekahi pūnaehana hana'ē a'e?", Pono mua ka mea ho'ohana e makemake i kona'ōkuhi disk / kālaiwi. E mākou kālailai nā mea a pau i loko o ka ua alodio hoʻohālike: he mea hoʻohana Holoi i ka manaʻo, mai kou Linux pahu, e waiho ana i loko o ka hopena wale kekahi Windows, akā, i ka mea ia manawa ka mea hiki ole ke hoʻoili no i ka hewa Grub hewa. No ka ho'oponopono pono'ana i ka pilikia, pono'oe e ho'iho'i i ka ho'okaumaha'o Windows x86 / 64:

1. E ho'ohāme'a mai ka pūnaewele ho'onohonoho, ma mua o ka ho'onohonoho'ana iā ia ma ka mea nui i ka wā i ho'okomo'ia ai i ka BIOS
2. Ke ho'onui'ia mai ka mea ho'okomo pūnaewele, e koho i ka pale'ana o ka pūnaewele.
3. Mai ka papa inoa i'ike'ia e koho mākou i ke laina kauoha, a laila e ho'onoho mākou i kēia mau kauoha i kēlā me kēia:

• BOOTREC.EXE / FixBoot.
• BOOTREC.EXE / FixMbr.

Ma muli o ka hiki iā'oe ke wehe GRUB no nā hana he nui, ma hope o nā hana kūpono a holomua mākou i ka kamepiula a me ka loa'a'ole o nā pilikia a mākou i hana ai i loko o ka pūnaewele Windows.