Harmonic oscillator: ano a me ka hana

ʻanoʻenehana holomua ua lawe mai ma ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o physicalʻike manaʻo, discoveries ma quantum kahua a me nā mahinaʻai. I ka Ia manawa inventing hou manaʻo a me accessories, ma i ia mea hiki, e lawe mai kela haʻawina, a wehewehe i kaʻike manaʻo o ka microworld. Kekahi mauʻano papa hana o ka harmonic oscillator, rula o ka hana ua ikeia mai na elele o ke kahiko maikai ana.

I ka manaʻo a me kona? Ueony

Harmonic Oscillator - he me mechanical'ōnaehana i mea ma ka noi, a ua ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka helu kaulike o ka laina palena pau coefficients me ka ikaika nui. Ka simplest examples o ia mau mea - i ka haawe ana ma ka luawai, pendulum Acoustic nenoaiu, i ka noi o ka hakakino? Ueo a me na mea e ae.

Conditionally ke hoomaopopo i ka hahai ana i ke ano o na manao:

• A noʻonoʻo harmonic oscillator - 'aneʻi i ka'ōnaehana wā wehe' ia mai ke koena kulana ma lalo o ka hana o ka kaua F, i hiki ke hoʻohikiʻia ma ka haʻilula F = -kx, kahi K - kupulau a eia i o ka'ōnaehana, m - offset. Ma ke aha ka F o ka wale ke keʻena e loli ai i ka oscillations.
• Laina harmonic oscillator - 'aneʻi ka noi mea i loko o ka pelane ma pololei ka alanui. No hoi, ua kapaʻia kēia'ōnaehana he hoʻokahi-dimensional oscillations ana ma lalo o ka hana o ka quasi-laholio ano.
• Popopo kükohu - 'aneʻi ma ka'ōnaehana i loli ai ke kū'ē ikaika, a ua kuhikuhi aku i ka neʻeʻana a me ka hana i kupono i ka mämä holo o ke kuekueni. Ma keia damping kaʻina ua nō kāu wehewehe aku ma ka aiao ka ole Ana, a kapa Q ololi. Kēia waiwai He he waiwai o ka'ōnaehana e hoʻoholo i ka lākiō o ka waiho waho ikehu i kona make ana i loko o kekahi oscillation au.

E ho ohana o ka mea

Keia mea ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o nā kulaʻano nui no këia i ke ano o ka oscillatory nenoai. Ke quantum harmonic oscillator hoʻohana ma o ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i ka hana o photons hehee wale. Nā hopena o ka ho okolohua hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia i loko o nā kula. Penei, na physicists mai ka Institute Amelika loaʻa i ka beryllium nā'ātoma e waiho i ka mamao 'ano nui mai kekahi i kekahi, ke launa pū' ana ma luna o ka quantum pae. I ka hana o kēia mau (particles) e like kino (metala kala) i loko o ka nunui, hele i loko o ka holumua ai-returnable ano analogous harmonic oscillator. Beryllium Ion, naʻe kāohi nui mamao, ka mea haahaa ikehu mail huahelu (quanta). Kēia Kaka apono 'e hoʻolaulaha IT-loea, a me ka hoakaka i ka hou pāʻoihana i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ke kamepiula lako a pan a me ka uilaʻoe.

Ke harmonic oscillator Ua hoʻohana 'ia ma ka loiloi' bila mele. Kēia papa hana ua kapaia spectroscopic haʻawina. Ua Ua loaʻa i ka loa i ka pilina paʻa'ōnaehana mea he haku mele 'ana o ka eha mea hoʻokani pila (Q). A Contemporary hana i ka hapanui anharmonicity.