He aha ka ho'olālā pilikino?

No ke kanaka i hooholoia e makaikai i ka mea lolouila kamepiula, eʻoiaʻiʻo, e hele mai ma ka manawa "kamepiula kuhikuhipuʻuone". 'A'ole hiki ke hā'awi'ia kona ho'ohālikelike piha, no ka mea,'o ka ho'onui'ana i ka mana'o e ho'ākāka ana i nā mea a pau. Eia kekahi la'ana, i loko o ke'ano ho'okahi, ma ka wehewehe'ana, e uku nui'ia ka mea pūnaewele (kauoha, nā lekainoa, ka ho'omana'o), a ma kekahi - i ka mea uila, e komo pū ana me nā māhele o ka pūnaewele a me ke'ano o kā lākou hana. Ma muli o ka mea'oi aku ka hoihoi o ka mea'ona o ka mea'ona i nā mea, ma mua o nā kauoha, a laila e no'ono'o kākou i ka nīnau mai kēia'ao'ao.

'O ka ho'olālā'ana i ke kamepiula he ala ia o ka ho'onohonoho'ana i ka pilina o nā papa hana i kūkulu i ka computer. No ka ma'alahi o ka'ike,'ike'ia nā wehewehe o nā'ano ko'iko'i o nā mea nui.

Ho'onohonoho nā papahana o kēia ao i nā'ōhulahula'ikepili i hā'awi'ia e John von Neumann i ka makahiki 1946. 'O kahi hi'ohi'ona'oko'a he alakika e hana i ka hana, kahi i ho'onoho'ia ai nā mea hana a me nā'ikepili i loko o ka pahu ho'omana'o ho'okahi. Incidentally, ua wehewehe ke kumu o ka kamepiula kuhikuhipuʻuone av Neumann (Neumann) ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o nā mea a pau kēia kamepiula' ē aʻe. Eia na'e, ua lō'ihi ka manawa e ho'ā'o ai e ha'alele i ia mea.

Akā ho'i i nā pūnaewele e ho'oholo ana i ka'ano o ka pilina o kahi kamepiula pilikino. Oiai na kumu o ke kumu Me mīkini kapaia he kikowaena aaioee pa alima (CPU), nae, ma ka manao o ka Classic kamepiula nenoai, keia mea debatable.

'O ka kumu nui, i'ole hiki ke koho i kahi o ka ho'olālā rorohiko i ho'ohana'ia,'o ia ka motherboard. Ma luna o ia mea ka laina laina (nā pahi) ma waena o nā mea a pau e pili ana i ka motherboard (a me kekahi) ma o nā mea ho'ohui a me nā awa. 'A'ole nā papa uila o ka honua, no ka mea, ua ho'oikaika'ia kēlā me kēia mea e hana me kekahi papa'oi o nā mea hana.

'O ka mea hana pūnaewele ke kumu helu o ka'ōnaehana holo'oko'a. Ho'ohālikelike'ia'o ia e kahi microcircuit nui me nā piliona o transistors i loko, e hana i nā poho hana. 'O nā papahana holo no ka ho'opau'ana, ua ho'ololi maoli'ia no ka mea ho'ohana (unuhi'ia) i loko o ke code machine a ho'oholo pololei'ia ma ka mea hana pūnaewele. 'O ka'oihana o ka computer e ho'oholo nui'ia e ka'ano o ka PPU.

'O ke'onike lohi, e like me ka mea i hō'ike mua'ia, e nānā'ia ana e nā laina loea. E like me ke kuhikuhi'ana o ka pūnaewele hō'ike'ia ka pilina:

• CPU a me ka hipa kāne modules;
• Ma waena o nā awa o nā pūnaewele waho e pili ana me ka RAM. Aia kekahi mechanism e hiki ai i nā'āpana ke hana me ka ho'omana'o pūnaewele me kahi mea ho'oponopono kūikawā, e ke'ake'a ana i ka pūnaewele pūnaewele;
• Ma waena o nā awa o ka motherboard a me ka CPU.

'O ka RAM he māhele kūpono o kēlā me kēia pūnaehana'ikepili,'o ia ka mea helu ma'alahi. I loko o nā kamepiula, ua ho'okō'ia nā transistors memo i loko o nā microcircuits i ho'okau'ia i kahi pepa kikokikona me ke'ano o nā leka'āpana'āpana. Ho'onoho'ia kēlā me kēia pā i ka pūnaehana pili o ka motherboard. Hō'ike ka papa CPU i ka hanauna i kāko'o'ia o nā modem RAM. No ka laʻana, ina ka Intel Core2Duo unu lawelawe ua papahana e hana me DDR2 hoomanao, i ka hope Kora komo ai i ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka wale DDR3.

Kaawale mai ka hana ana, aia no he fundamentally okoa ʻano o ka iaiyoe. Ke pani'ia nei, ma mua, e nā mea hana i nā diskini magnetic (disks).

Ma waho a'e o nā pūnaewele i loko, aia ka nui o nā mea i waho. Ho'olea wale iā lākou he hiki ke ho'olako i ka pilina o ke kanaka a me ka mīkini. Eia kekahi la'ana, he'ōkuhi, he'iole, he kīpiko, kahi pākiko, a me kahi scanner, ka mea pa'i puke, a me nā mea'ē a'e. - eia kēia mau polokalamu i waho, me ka'ole e noho ana ka computer i pahu pahu ma'alahi, he mea ia.

'O kēia hana e hā'awi wale i ka mana'o nui o ka ho'olālā o ka computer. Hiki ke loa'a nā'ike piha aku i nā mea i ka Internet.