He aha ka hopena cathode-ray

Malia paha,'a'ohe mea e like me ka mea i'ike'ole i loko o kona ola i nā lakohana e loa'a ana i ka cathode-ray tube (CRT) paha i kā lākou ho'ohālike. I kēia manawa, ua ho'ololi maika'i'ia kēlā mau'olu'olu e ko lākou mau analog i kēia manawa e pili ana i nā pale aniani-kristal (LCD). Eia nō na'e, he mau'āpana kahi e pono ai ka pipili cathode-ray. Eia kekahi la'ana, hiki'ole ke ho'ohana'ia nā LCD i nā'āpana o ka'āpana o ka'ā'ī. Eia na'e, ho'okahi mea i maopopo -'o ka holomua o nā'ōhula hō'ike'ike e hopena i ka pau'ole o ka CRT. He wā kūpono ia.

Cathode Ray şarkı: mōʻaukala o ka hanana

Hiki iā ia ke no'ono'o'ia'o Yu Plukkera, i ka makahiki 1859, i ke a'o'ana i ka hana o nā metala ma lalo o nā mana o waho, ua'ike i ke'ano o ka ho'oku'u'ia'ana o nā'enela elementary - electrons. 'O nā kukui'ekuhi i ho'onoho'ia ua kapa'ia he mau cathode. Ua ho'okomo'o ia i ka nānā'ana i ke'ano o ka luminescence'ike'ia o kekahi mau mea (phosphor) i ka wā e pā ai lākou i nā kukui'elepona. Hiki i nā'ōpena cathode-ray hou ke hana i ke ki'i ma muli o kēia mau mea'elua.

Ma hope o 20 mau makahiki, ua ho'okolohua'ia e ho'onā i ke alaka'i o ka holo'ana o nā electron e ho'opi'i'ia e ka hana o kahi māla waho. He ma'alahi kēia e wehewehe inā mākou e ho'omana'o i ka halihali'ana i nā mea kūpono'ole i ke'ano o nā māla a me nā elela.

I ka makahiki 1895, ua ho'onui'o KF Brown i ka pūnaewele mana ma ka pahu a no laila ua ho'omalu'ia ka ho'ololi'ana o ke kikowaena o nā kahapili'ole ma ke kahua wale nō, akā, na kekahi hi'ohi'ona kūikawā paha e hiki ke ho'ololi, a wehe i nā mana'o hou no ka ho'ohana'ana i ka mea i hana'ia. I ka makahiki 1903, ho'okomo'o Venelt i kahi cathode-electrode ma ke'ano o ka cylinder i loko o ka pahu pahū, a ua hiki iā ia ke mālama i ka ikaika o ka hāmele i ho'onā'ia.

I ka makahiki 1905, ua ho'onohonoho'o Einstein i nā hoohalike no ka helu'ana i ka hopena o ka photoelectric a ma hope o 6 mau makahiki, ua hō'ike'ia kahi mea hana no ke ki'i'ana ma kahi mamao. Mea nana i ulana i kekahi lāʻau ' ia e kaʻume mākenēki ke kahua, a me ka mea pihana malama o ka'ōlinolino waiwai.

I ka manawa o nā hana CRT mua,'a'ole i mākaukau ka'oihana e hana i nā pale me ka nui diagonal size, no laila ua ho'ohana'ia nā leona ho'onui e like me ka ho'oholo'ana.

Ke kelepona kaulā puhi

Mai ia manawa, ua ho'ololi'ia ka mea i ho'ololi'ia, akā ua ho'ololi'ia nā loli, no ka mea,'a'ohe mea hou i ho'okumu'ia i ka hana o ka hana.

Ho'omaka ka kino ke'ole'a me kahi'upena me ka ho'onani'ana o ka pehu. Ka waihoʻoluʻu a pau kiʻi manaʻo, i ka lilo o ka ili honua ua kapa komo iā ia me ka kekahiʻanuʻu ekolu ano o phosphors (Red, Green, Blue), e hāʻawi ana i ka luminescence ke kala ma ka huina'ine mea ulana lole komo. No laila, aia'ekolu mau'āpana (pū). No ka'ōhū'ana i nā electrons kāpili'ole a me ka hō'oia'ana i ka poho kūpono i ka wahi i makemake'ia o ka maka, ua ho'onoho'ia kahi leki kila ma waena o ka pūnaha cathode a me ka mākia phosphor: kahi mask. Hiki ke ho'ohālikelike'ia me kahi ku'iku'u e'oki ai i nā mea nui loa.

'O ka ho'oku'u'ana o nā electrons e ho'omaka ana mai ka piko o nā'ōpili wela. Holo lākou i ka anode (electrode, me ka ha'awina kūpono) i ho'ohui'ia i ka'ao'ao conical o ka pahu. Eia kekahi, ke ho'ohuli'ia nā poho e kekahi pahu kūikawā a hā'ule i loko o ka māhele o ka pūnaewele ho'opi'i. Maalo ae la oia ma ka papa manamana haule ma o ka makemakeʻoi ma luna o ka pale, e kauoha ana i ka huli ana o kona kinetic ikehu i loko o ka malamalama.

Kiko Kiko

Ua'ike nui'ia ka nānā'ana me ka'ōpana cathode-ray i ka papa hana o nā'ōnaehana kamepika. 'O ke kūlike o ka ho'olālā, ka hilina'i nui, ka hana'ana i nā kala pololei a me ka hiki'ole o ke kali ('o nā milliseconds o ka pane pane ma ka LCD) ko lākou mau mea nui loa. Eia na'e, i kēia manawa, e like me ka mea i'ōlelo mua'ia, ua ho'opi'i'ia'o CRT e nā māka'i LCD maika'i a'oi aku.