He aha ka kalapona monoxide? hakakino 'ole

kalapona monoxide, iʻikeʻia e like me ke kalapona monoxide, i ka loa ikaika hakakino 'ole, mea inert i ka Nine Inch ka waiwai a me ka mea poorly wailana i loko o ka wai. Kēia hui Ua hoi loaʻawahia wā kuu i loko o ka naehana'ōnaehana ua i pili ai i ke koko hemoglobin, a me ua pohaku hoolilo i oxygen i nā'aʻaʻa a me nā loko.

Nine inoa a me ka haʻilula

Kalapona monoxide ua iʻikeʻia ma nā inoa, a me ke kalapona monoxide II. I ka maʻamau o ke ola, ka mea, ua ana kapaia kalapona monoxide. Kēia o carbon monoxide mea he nahesa niho kinoea, colorless a me ka tasteless, odorless. Kona Nine Inch haʻilula - HI, a me ka nuipa o ka hookahi lātoma mea 28,01 g. / Mol.

Waiwai ma luna o ke kino

Kalapona monoxide e hoopaa ana i ka hemoglobin e lilo carboxyhemoglobin i ua ole e hali ana nona iho ka oxygen. Inhalation o ka mahu ke kumu CNS poho (Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana), a me ka suffocation. Ke kūpono muli o ka oxygen ke kumu headache, pōniuniu, ua hoʻemi naau i kela a me naehana hanu ana, e alakai ana i unconsciousness, a mahope make ana o ka meaola.

ʻawahia kinoea

Kalapona monoxide ua hua mai la ma ka hapa'ā o ka waiwai i loaʻa ka kalapona, e like me ka na'ā kiko'ī. Ka hui 1 ka loaʻa o ke kalapona'Ātoma covalently e paa ana i kekahi ka oxygen'Ātoma. Kalapona monoxide mea nuiʻawahia, a me ia mea i kekahi o ka loa e like me ka kumu o ka ona e kaʻapu kōheoheo nā hualoaʻa a. Waiū ke alakai i ka naʻau a me ka pōʻino 'ē aʻe nā loko.

He aha ka ka hoʻohana o kalapona monoxide?

I loko nō kona mea kaʻawahia, kalapona monoxide ka loa pono - i ke aloha i ka 'enehana laekahi' o ka mea e ho okumu i ka pau huahelu o ka nui huahana. Kalapona monoxide eia nae i keia la ua noʻonoʻo i ka contaminant mau makana i loko o maoli, akā,ʻaʻole i loko o kekahi dala e like me, no kekahi laʻana, o carbon dioxide.

Kuhihewa i ka poe i manaoio i ka mea, aole pili o ke kalapona monoxide ma ka ano. CO mea hoʻoheheʻe i ka hoʻoheheʻeʻia pele pohaku ma kiʻekiʻe a paÿa i loko o ka honua o ka aahu. Ka maʻiʻo o ka kalapona oxides ma ka lua pele loli aʻe mai ka emi o 0,01% ia 2%, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka lua pele. No maoli keia hui mea,ʻaʻole he mau waiwai, e pololei ana i ke ano maoli kinoea hoʻomehana honua nei,ʻaʻole e hiki.

Nine Inch mall

Kalapona monoxide (CO haʻilula) pili i nesoleobrazuyuschim a indifferent oxides. Eia naʻe, ma ka wela o ka +200 ^e C ia reacts me ka paʻakai hydroxide. I loko o keia Nine Inch kaʻina hana o ke kahua o ka paʻakai formate:

NaOH + CO = HCOONa (formicʻakika paakai).

Waiwai o ka kalapona monoxide ma muli o kona resilience. Carbon Monoxide:

• hiki ke reacted me ka o oxygen: 2CO + O ₂ = 2CO _2;
• hiki o reacting me halogens: CO + Cl ₂ = COCl ₂ (phosgene);
• Ka mea, i ka hanana waiwai e loaa maemae i eliiaʻi, mai kā lākou oxides: Fe ₂ O ₃ + 3CO = 2Fe + 3CO _2;
• ho okumu i mea hiki ke hooheheeia carbonyls: Fe + 5CO = Fe (CO ) _5;
• pono wailana ma ka chloroform, aceticʻakika, ethanol, benzene a me ka'amoniuma hydroxide.

Ka 'ole o ka lātoma

Mau nā'ātoma o ka a, ma ka mea, o ka lātoma o ke kalapona monoxide (CO), ua hoʻopili Triple hoopaa. Elua o ia i hanaʻia ma ka merging pa-electrons o ka kalapona nā'ātoma me ka oxygen, a me ke kolu - i ke aloha i ka mea kūikawāʻano papa hana ma muli o ka noa kalapona 2p orbital, a me ka 2p-huina'ine hui o ka oxygen. Kēia 'ole hoʻolako i ka lātoma o kiʻekiʻe ikaika.

A wahi moʻolelo

Aristotle o kahiko Greece ho'ākāka 'ia ma kaʻawahia fumes i lawe ma ke ahi lanahu. Ke loaʻano papa hana o ka make i ike. Naʻe, i kekahi o nā kiʻina hana kahiko o ka hoʻopaʻi i ka laka kue i ke kānāwai i loko o ka mahu keena, kahi a ka embers lakou. Ke Greek kauka Galen? Aaeaaaaony i loko o ka lewa, ua kekahi mau loli i i ka hewa ina ana.

I World War II, ke kinoea hui me impurities o ka kalapona monoxide, Ua hoʻohana like me ka wahie no ka kaa ma kela mau wahi o ka honua, a ma laila he kaupalena nui o ke kakolina a me ka kakolina diesel wahie. mawaho (me kekahi mau 'ia) nā mīkini uila charcoal' ole ka lāʻau kinoea i ua hoʻokumu 'ia, akā, i ka läÿau, o ka lewapuni naikokene, kalapona monoxide, a me dala uuku o nā kinoea lako i ke kinoea mīkini kāwili. Kēia i ka ai-kapaia laau kinoea.

Ke'okesaside o kalapona monoxide

Kalapona monoxide hua mai la i loko o ka hapa'okesaside o carbonaceous i huiʻia. CO ua hanaʻia ka wā lawa ka oxygen e paka kalapona'okikene lua (CO _2), no kekahi laʻana, i ana o ka umu ahi, a maloko'ā engine i loko o ka puni iho la ka makahiki. Inā o oxygen Ua makana, e like me kekahi'ē aʻe ka lewa lehulehu o ka kalapona monoxide'ā, houʻia uliuli malamalama, ho okumu i carbon dioxide i, ikeia like o carbon dioxide.

O carbon dioxide ua hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia a hiki i ka 1960s o ke kenekulia hope no ka Kalaiaina kau iho iauaeoia, sayings a me ka paio hahana maoli nō, ia ia me ka hapa o ka wahie me he makakoho ke keʻena. Kekahi keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loko o kēia loea e like me smelting hao nō paka kalapona monoxide me he he hopena ia. Ka pilina hoʻi CO ua oxidized e Makeke ₂ i mehana ea.

Ua loaʻa kekahi CO i loko o maoli?

Ina paha he nui kalapona monoxide ma maoli? Kekahi o kona mau maoli me Kinohi kumu i photochemical reactions i loko o ka troposphere. Mau keʻano o ka hanaʻana i ea ae ia e hiki ke paha ka hola 5 × ¹⁰ December kg konohiki Kaʻu mo'kūikena; oday. I waena o nā kumu, e like me ka olelo maluna, he mau lua pele, ahi nahele a me nā 'ano o ka'ā.

hakakino waiwai

Kalapona monoxide i ka molar nui o 28,0, aʻo ka mea iki Emi mai ka paʻapū o ka lewa. Bond lōʻihi ma waena o nā nā'ātoma - 112,8 micrometers. He kokoke lawa ia i kekahi o ka mea ikaika loa Nine Inch paa. Nā kumu i loko o ka huipūʻana me CO i kahi o 10 electrons ma ka valence iwi o kekahi.

E like me ka rula, o ka ke aloha carbonyl i huiʻia he mea he papalua hoopaa. A ano hiʻona o ka CO lātoma ka mea ia lŘlŘ ma waena o nā'ātoma ikaika Triple hoopaa i kaʻana like electrons me ka 6 3 pili hakakino orbitals. Mai ka eha o ka i kaʻana like electrons originate mai ka oxygen ma'Ātoma a me 2 wale mai kalapona, kekahi e ku e mau pili orbital electrons o O _2, ho okumu i ka kūpenu iho ia i 'ole dative hoopaa. Kēia ke kumu C ← O polarization o nā lātoma me ka uuku kauoha "-" ma kalapona, a me ka meaʻuʻuku kauoha "+" ma ka ka oxygen.

Ke koe mau hui pu orbitals ua noho ma ka kaki huna o ke kalapona, a hoʻokahi ka oxygen. Ke lātoma Ua asymmetric: oxygen ma ka mea i oi aku huina'ine nuʻa ma mua o kalapona, a ua hoi kānaka ikaika i hoopiiia, like me ka io o carbon.

? eaia

I ka hana, loaa kalapona monoxide CO ka mea, ua lawe mai ma ka paio hahana maoli nō i ke carbon dioxide i me ka hookipaia o ka lewa a me ka wai ohu me ka lanahu.

CO ₂ + C = 2CO;

H ₂ O + C = CO + H _2.

Ka hope hoʻi i kapaʻia ua ka kūpono läÿau, ua mahu a me ka hoʻololi kemikala kinoea. Ma lalo o keʻena hoʻokolohua kumu, kalapona monoxide II ma ka hookauwa ana'ku i ka ke alohaʻakika kia sulfuricʻakika, a hana like me ka dehydrating Agena:

HCOOH = CO + H ₂ O;

H ₂ C ₂ O ₄ = CO ₂ + H ₂ O.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE symptoms a me kōkua me ka CO kaʻapu kōheoheo

I kalapona monoxide kaʻapu kōheoheo? Ae, a nui loa ka ikaika. Kalapona monoxide kaʻapu kōheoheo o ka loa e like me ka kŰia a pau ma luna o ka honua. Ka loa, he pono ole symptoms i:

• i ka manao o ka nawaliwali;
• nausea;
• pōniuniu;
• luhi;
• irritability;
• ilihune ikaika loa ka makemake;
• headache;
• disorientation;
• blurred hihiʻo;
• ka luaʻi;
• maʻule hou ihola nō;
• convulsions.

Waiū a hiki i keiaʻawahia kinoea hiki i nui poino, a hiki pinepine e alakai i ka loa-makahiki maʻi pathological ana. Kalapona monoxide Ua hiki no ma o na la 'inoʻino loa i ka fetus o ka wahine hapai. Mōhai, no ka laʻana, ma hope o ke ahi, e i kōkua koke. i ka manaʻo pono, e kahea aku i ka ambulance, e komo i ka hou lewa, maemae kapa hampering hanu, soothe, pumehana. Loa kaʻapu kōheoheo ua ana ia ma lalo o ka hooponopono ana o kauka i loko o ka haukapila wale.

palapala noi

Kalapona monoxide mea, e like me ua oleloia, meaʻawahia a me ka weliweli, akā, ka mea, o kekahi o na kumu o hui i i hoʻohana i ke kālā no ka hana no ke aloha hoʻololi kemikala. CO ua hoʻohana 'ia e paka maʻemaʻe i eliiaʻi, carbonyls, phosgene, kalapona sulfide, meto ka waiʻona, formamide, onaona aldehydes, formic ʻakika. Kēia waiwai a pau no hoi hoʻohana ua like wahie. I loko nō kona kaʻawahia a me kaʻawahia, ka mea, ua pinepine hoʻohana like me ka maka mea no ka hana kela waiwai i loko o ka Nine Inch oihana puolo.

Kalapona monoxide a me ka o carbon dioxide: aha ka ke unuhi?

Monoxide a me ka kalapona'okikene lua (CO a me CO ₂₎ e pinepine kuhihewa no kekahi i kekahi. He mau kinoea i odorless, colorless, a me nā i ka hopena maikaʻi 'ole ma luna o ka mea'ōnaehana mānowai koko nenoaiu. He mau kinoea i komo aku i ke kino ma inhalation,ʻili a me ka maka. Mau i huiʻia ka wā paku ole ia i noho meaola kaʻana i ka helu o symptoms - headaches, pōniuniu, convulsions a me hallucinations. Ka hapanui o kanaka apuepue e i ka likeʻole a me ka mai e ike i ka fumes kaʻa a no ka maluhiluhi kinoea me CO, a me CO _2. Loko o ka mea ulu i loko o ka lehulehu o kēia mau kinoea hiki e hoʻopōʻino i kanaka ola a me ka maluhia, paha i kā lākou mau keiki. He aha ka ke unuhi?

Ma kiʻekiʻe nā hoʻohui like o nā hiki e ona. Ke koena unuhi moe i loko i ka CO ₂ mea he pono maoli kinoea, pono no a pau mea kanu a me ka holoholona ola. CO mea ole commonplace. Kēia ma-huahana oxygen ma-noa'ā. Ka pilikia Nine Inch oko ao i ana CO ₂ i kekahi kalapona'Ātoma a me ka mau o oxygen'Ātoma, no ka mea hoi wale HI lakou i kekahi ma ka kekahi. O carbon dioxide mea ole-flammable, oiai monoxide Ua oi paha e hopu i ke ahi.

O carbon dioxide ua maoli ai i loaʻa i loko o ka lewa, kanaka a me na holoholona ha o oxygen, a exhaled i carbon dioxide, a laila, he poe mea hiki ke ku imua o ka uuku dala. He kinoea ua i koi 'ia no ka kāʻamaʻai ka mea kanu. Eia naʻe, kalapona monoxide 'aʻole i ana maoli ai i loko o ka lewa, a hiki i ola pilikia a hiki ma haʻahaʻa nā hoʻohui like. Ua kinoea nuʻa Ua hoi okoa. O carbon dioxide ma a oi ke kaumaha o mua o ka ea ole, oiai ke kalapona monoxide mea he uuku maʻalahi. Kēia peculiarity Ua laweʻia i loko o ka mooolelo i kukulu i ke kūpono nā mea e loaʻa ka mea nalo i loko o ka home.