He aha ka pyrolysis? Wā i ka manaʻo o ke kaʻina

He aha ka pyrolysis? He aha ka manaʻo nui o ka mea i no ka mea laekahi Nine Inch oihana puolo? Mākou e hana aku me ke kahe ana.

Ma ka pyrolysis o hydrocarbons

No laila, he aha ka pyrolysis? Ka wehewehena o kēia kaʻina komo ai i ka thermal decomposition o ka ke aloha i huiʻia me ka alo o ka oxygen. Malalo iho a hiki i ka disintegration o kaʻaila, lanahu, ka laau. Ma hope o ke kaʻina produces hoʻololi kemikala kinoea, e like me nāʻaoʻao me nā huahana.

kaʻina Hiʻona

pyrolysis naoh ua lawe mai i ka wela o ka 800 a hiki i 900 degere. Kēia kaʻina ua noʻonoʻo i ka iniiaiie kekahi no ka ho okumu ana o'etolina. Kēia unsaturated hydrocarbon mea nui i feedstock no keʻano o ke aloha i huiʻia: benzene, divinyl propylene.

laau pyrolysis

Arguing no ka mea pyrolysis, ua hoailona oukou ia ia no ka manawa muaʻenehana keia mea Nine Inch aaioee o ka aila a me ka kinoea i ua Palapala Sila Nui AA Summer i ka makahiki 1877. He aha ka ka pyrolysis o ka laau? Kēia naoh ua lawe mai i ka wela o ka ma kahi o 500 degere. Ua Ua pili me ke kahua o ka noho pilikia eiiiiiaiou ia Nine Inch huahana like aceticʻakika, charcoal, kēpau, acetone. Ua haawiia i ko makou aina nei i ka "waiwai" o ka nahele i loko o Rusia hana nui mea kanu no ka wahie pyrolysis kaʻina.

pyrolysis neoneo

Pyrolysis o ka wao akua o ka kūikawā papahana no ka luku ana i ko ka hale ona wao nahele. ʻO ka manaʻo pohihihi o ka pyrolysis o Ka lula ea Ke, papale hainaka, na ke aloha neoneo aie i ka mea i ka ea okoa enehana, i OAOOUIEeE me ka nui loa, mai ke kaʻina hana o ka aaioee'ē aʻe paa pono hana.

I ka haku mele 'ana o na mea he nui i neoneo ka luaipele, chlorine, phosphorus, a ma hope o'okesaside (ho okumu ana o oxides) kuai waiwai volatility. Ke pyrolysis huahana mea i hoʻoweliweli 'ana i ke kaiapuni.

A hiki i ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o chlorine me ke aloha waiwai i hanaʻia ma hope o ka pau 'ana o ka decomposition kaʻina hana, he mea he ea puka ka loihi o noxious i huiʻia e like me dioxins. I mea e paʻa mau huahana hoʻokuʻu akula uwahi, pono i ka kūikawā mea hoʻonoho o pyrolysis. Oia ka hana pono nui mea koina.

No Europa'āina, a nui? Aneeo nui o ka pilikia o ka hoʻopōʻaiapuni o ka wa kahiko papale hainaka, laholio eiiiiiaiou a i hookoia kā lākou hana ke ola. Aie i ka mea i ka aoao maoli aila feedstock mea irreplaceable wale nā minelala hao, E ke hoʻohana 'ana i ka mea i kā mākou mea i kiʻekiʻe kumu waiwai.

O ka hale a me ka? Ieoaeunoai'ōpala hoʻi ke kiʻi i ka nuiʻano o nā waiwai o ke aloha a me ka'okanikaʻole haku mele 'ana, no laila ia mea nui, e kūkulu i keia hanalima wahi.

Polymers a me ka papale hainaka, he he nui waiwai maka mea. Ma hope o aaioee ma ka haʻahaʻa-mahana pyrolysis hiki ke loaa wai a hapa iki o ka paʻa kūhohonu loa hydrocarbons (kemikala aila), he combustible kinoea, kalapona i koe a me ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia kaula. I ka kuni tons laholio luhi o ua hoʻokuʻuʻia i loko o ka lewa o ka mea o 270 kg o ka kalaponaʻeleʻele, a ma kahi o 450 kg o gaseousʻawahia waiwai.

hoʻololi kemikala kinoea

Kēia hui o ka hydrogen a me ka kalapona monoxide (2). Ma ka hanalima me ka unahiʻole ka mea, ua loaa ia ma ka hoʻokō 'ia' mahu e hoʻoponoʻia o ka methane, gasification o ka lanahu, methane'okesaside aaioee o ke aloha neoneo. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka 'ike loea hou a produces ka hoʻololi kemikala kinoea, ai ka lākiō o ke kalapona monoxide a me ka hydrogen hiki ĸokoĸa ana nä pane ma ka laulā o ka mai 1: 1 i 1: 3.

Mawaena o ka nui palapala noi o ka maka mea e lawe ia wahi aku kūikawā manufacturing metanola a me Fischer-Tropsch hoʻololi kemikala. Ua pili ia i ka Nine Inch naoh i ia lŘlŘ ma ke alo o ka hōʻeleu. Ua ninoieo i loko o ka huli ana o ka kalapona monoxide a me ka hydrogen i loko o ka likeʻole ma o ka wai a hydrocarbons. Holo nōhie me catalysts (accelerators) keia AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN ua koho cobalt a me ka hao.

Ke specificity o kēia kaʻina hana no ka hiki e paka kemikala mea no kā lākou palapala noi i loko o ka palapala o ka kemikala lubricating aila a me ka wahie.

Specificity o ka loaa ana

He aha ka ke kemika o ka naoh? E ka ho'āʻo e pohihihi mai i ia mea. Definition o pyrolysis i ua kūkā mai luna, a me ka manawa kālele ana ma luna o nā hiʻona o ka Nine Inch kaʻina. Fischer-Tropsch kaʻina komo ai reacting ka methane me ka oxygen. Naoh huahana i kalapona monoxide a me ka hydrogen. Ke naoh i alkane moʻo hydrocarbon a me ka wai ka ohu. Ua i hana hydrocarbon huahana ma hope o laua hoomaemae ana ua hoʻohana 'ia e hana i kekahi kemikala aila.

pyrolysis Meaning

Kalapona monoxide kinoea a me ka hydrogen kinoea i hanaʻia ma ka hapa'okesaside o ka laau a me ka lanahu. Ka manaʻo nui o ia ke kaʻina hana o ka kahua o ka puaʻa hiwa paʻa maka mea (wao hydrocarbon ole lanahu) hydrogen a me ke kinowai ai hydrocarbons.

Ka wā nonoxidative pyrolysis o ka paa neoneo mea a ianoiyuaa a ma ka Nine Inch hana hua hoʻololi kemikala kinoea. Kekahi no ka mea, ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ke kaa wahie ole hou aaioee ma ka hookauwa ana'ku i ka Fischer-Tropsch naoh. Inā pono, e hoʻohana i ke kinowai wahie like paraffins a me Lubricant noi Nohie Nine Inch enehana.

Inā he mea pono ke hoʻonui i ka nui o ka hydrogen hua mai la ia e kekahi loli ma ka buke o ka mahu ua hoʻoneʻe ma keia helu kaulike Nine Inch equilibrium. Ma ia ka hihia, ma hope o ka pau 'ana o ka naoh he hydrogen a me ka o carbon dioxide.

icai? enehana

Ma hope o ka Kaka, i loko o 1920 ma Kelemānia noiʻi Hans Tropsch a me Frantsem Fisherom, 'ike loea pinepine ae la oia modernized, hou. Ke kiʻekiʻe o ka helu ana o kemikala wahie, hana ma ka pyrolysis i loko o Kelemania, i 124 tausani barela no ka lā. Oia i anakahi ola i loko o ka makahiki 1944.

modernity

Kēia manawa, ma laila nō nā nui poʻe, i mea hoʻohana ma Fischer-Tropsch 'enehana kona. Hapanui kakolina diesel i wahie hua mai la ma ka pyrolysis o South Africa, mahope'okesaside huahana hana.

Mau noonoo ana ua Nine Inch enehana haawiia loaa ma hope o kānakaʻepekema, hoomaka ae la e nana i aoao e paka haʻahaʻa-ka sulfur kakolina diesel waiwai hiki ia oe, e i palena iki poino i ke kaiapuni. No ka laʻana, US poʻe a ianoiyuaa a feedstock i koho Coke a charcoal, haawi ana wai a hydrocarbons o kiʻekiʻe e like ai.

I loko nō o ka mea i ka pyrolysis kaʻina hana o ka waiwai nui 'enehana i hiki ke hoʻohana' ia ma ka pālākiō nui, ka mea, ua pili ia me kŘpa a kiʻekiʻe mea koina no ka hoʻoponopono 'ana a me ka malama ana o ka mea hoʻonoho. No ka nui Manufacturers, keia mea he deterrent, no ka mea, he ka welelau o lakou ma ke ao nei kaʻaila kumukūʻai.

ka hopena

World lanahu me ke koe i nui kupono. Ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana like me ka wahie i kahi ku ai i ka depletion o ka nui aila. Nā kānaka kālailai 'ole i loko o ka aila a me ka kinoea hana, e hoomaopopoia e ma ka pyrolysis ke paka kiʻekiʻe-kbps hydrocarbons. Ka mea, e hoailona oukou i ka kūpono wahie i ole wale he kiekie? Aneie hana e like me ka wahie kaʻaila, akā, i pono oluolu i nā mea kūʻai mai ma luna o ke kumu kuai huahelu. Ma ka hihia o kekahi hui malu pu ana o Fischer-Tropsch a me biomass gasification mea hiki ke kamailio e pili ana i ka'ōleloʻana mai iā iaoia no manufacturing i revolvingʻano ulia kaʻa wahie.

Kemikala maka mea i loaa mai ma ka pyrolysis o ka lanahu i nâ wale nō ka wā i ke kumu kuai o ka aila ma luna o $ 40 o ka barela. No ka mea? Iecaianoaaiiie o ia i ka läÿau, o hydrocarbons mea pono i ke kālele 'ana ma ka laulā o kaʻehiku i eiwa ieeeea dala no he kanawalu tausani pahu o kemikala wahie. Loea pili me ka pyrolysis kaʻina hana, ike e kaiapuniʻo iwaena o ka loa environmentally aloha. I mea no ke aha la i loko o nā makahiki, he nui ka ulu 'aina ke uku nui noonoo ana i ka hooulu ana o ka hou epekema no ka hana hydrocarbon mōʻalihaku, a makemake ae ia lakou, e ne e ma kahi o ka hana kuʻuna aila maka mea. Mamuli no o kaʻanoʻenehana HOU a me ka hana hou kaulahao pyrolysis kaʻina ua lilo me ka nui loa ho'ēmi a hiki i ka loaa i ka kiʻekiʻe-e like ai ke kinowai ai hydrocarbons. Ke kūpono huahana Ua hoʻohana 'ole wale i wahie akā, i no kekahiʻano o ke aloha' ona.