I ka invented ka paikikala? I ka moolelo o ka paikikala. I ka moolelo o reinventing ka huila

E like me kekahi mea hana mea hou i hana muaʻole mea hiki no me ka nui loa Nohie i ke ola ana o ke kanaka, he Bike ua undergone na kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o ka honua nei. Ma nā kūlana mua o? Acaeoey o keia kaulana i ka lā, uuku ua ikeia o ke kaa, a aho, he mea likeʻole ike, ka hapanui o ka i mea falsification.

prehistory

I ka moolelo o ka paikikala o ka hana mea hou i hana muaʻole originates mai ke ano o ka huila mua, a i kahi o 5-6 tausani makahiki aku nei. Kēia Kaka loa Nohie amo, akā, ua ua hō'ā ma manawa kanaka i ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka lio traction. E like me ka nele i ka hoʻoneʻe a me ka amo wale ulu i ka loa a me ka inquisitive e holumua ai mechanics a me nā kānakaʻenehana hoʻomaka manao e pili ana e pili ana i kekahi mea radically hou.

Ka mua prototype

Ano ka mea, Ua loa paʻakikī e olelo aku i ka makahiki invented ka paikikala, no ka mea, no keia mea, he mea pono e hooholo i ka noʻonoʻo i ka mua paikikala. About eha haneri makahiki aku nei, i ka Hōlani mathematician Simona Steven hele mai me seemingly muli o kona kulana impractical manaʻo. He manaʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka makani i ka mana , e hoʻoneʻe i nā luina, akā, no ka manaʻo o ia mau manaʻo mea lapuwale, no ka mea, he mea hiki ole i ka hooholo ia i ka makani e maikaʻi, a ināʻo ia e ia ma nā mea a pau.

Ma hope, nā kānakaʻenehana manao ia no ka halihali 'oe ke hoʻohana i kou mau ikaika. Ka mua ua kaa i kukulu i ka 1685, mai watchmaker Stefan Nyurnbera Farflerom. Ua ua he ekolu-huila kaa no ka neʻe 'ka mea i hoʻohana i ke kumu, hana ma luna o ka loina o ka neʻeʻana, i ua e huli i ka mea nāna e holo.

Akā, hiki pono ke noʻonoʻo i ka makahiki o ka lā ma luna i ka paikikala invented? Ka apuepue, no ka mea, ua ikea na wahi i kēia mau manaʻo, a ia mea paakiki e ike ai i ko keia kope o ka mua.

Rusia ka mua prototype

Ua i koe, a me Rusia, he mea no hoi ka ho'āʻo 'ana e hana ia i kekahi mea. I ka 1752, i ka pā kaua nä känaka 'epekema Leonty Shamshurenkov i hana i kekahi mea ua like no me ka laekahi paikikala. kapaia "samobeglaya stroller" Ua haawiia mai ai i kēia mea.

ʻEhā mau makahiki ma hope, Ivan Petrovich Kulibin, he luawai-ike lunaʻenehana, lilo iho la i ka mea nāna i hana a oi aku mamua o 30ʻana hana, mai kekahi mau wahi o ka mākaukau, invented ka ekolu-huila "samokatku". Ma keia mea i ka mea nāna e holo ma ka pedaling pūʻali pū i hiki ai i na huila ma ka luna 'nenoaiu o levers. Ano ia mea paakiki ke olelo aku nei au ma ka paikikala i invented a me ka mea i kona mea kākau, akā, i ka mua ho'āʻo e lilo i maikai iki iloko no ka wā e hiki mai discoveries.

Wai i ka mea mua?

Ua noʻonoʻo Pehea ka loihi a me ka paakiki o ka mōʻaukala o keia kaulana kaa ua manawa, noiʻi a me nā moʻolelo hiki ole hiki piha berita ma kēia pukana. Kekahi manaʻo ka mea, ua ka mua haku nui o ka pakebona Leonardo ka Vinci. Ma hope iho o kēia artist nui a me ka inventor haʻalele nui sketches a me ka lapuwale-ae la, he nui no na mea i ole i ua deciphered. Ma kekahi o kēia mau layouts Velikiy Leonardo pena i kekahi mea i 'ano like me kaʻiʻo nō o kēia paikikala. Malia paha mākou e kuhi ana ia i laila i hoomaka i ka mōʻaukala o ka paikikala?

mua kope

Ka oihana ka lā o ka hoʻokumu o ka manawa mua ua manaoia e e 1808, ka wā o ka Parisian nä känaka 'epekema i hana mai i kekahi mea iloko olaila o nā huila, a me ka ai pili aku ia me ka lāʻau crossbeams, akā, ka mea, i ka loa mua paha i ole i ke kōmike hoʻokele huila a pedals. Pehea i ka oni ana? Loa puni hoʻi: ka mea nāna e holo kipaku ia ma na wawae o ka honua.
'O kēia ka mua kūlana kiʻekiʻe no ka neʻeʻana i me ka nui loa i loko o Hoʻololi' elima makahiki ka German ululāʻau Carl av Dreiser, ka mea hoʻololi i ka manao ma ka hanaʻana i kekahi o nā huila,ʻo ka lāʻau mua.

Nui na makana no ke kūpono 'ana o ke kau paikikala i loko o kona keia ano i ka mea hana o ka hana Dalzelya i papahana kahunapule une lōhai'ōnaehana, no laila, ua lawe aku i ka hana mai ma ka lima. Akā, me he mea nāna e holo lima i loaʻa luhi koke, Dalzel hoʻololi i kona hana mea hou i hana muaʻole, a iʻoiaʻiʻo i nā levers a pau hoʻoneʻeʻia kumu o nā wāwae. Loa paha, keia i ka manawa, i ka wa o ka huila i invented, like kokoke i hiki i konaʻiʻo nō o kēia nānā.

Dalzelya e piʻi like i i alakai i ka nuipa a? Iecaianoaaiiuo a me ka hoʻohana 'ana i kēia mea, akā, o Laielohelohe wale no ka noonoo ana o ka Manufacturers, ka poe i ike i ka mua paikikala hana hoihoi toys. Hoʻoholo ihola lākou e hoʻouka hou i ke kolu o ka huila no ka maluhia o ke keiki, akā, me ka mea nō e waiho ana no he rarity a me ka ia i ole he ākea.

Ka mua kila Bike

I ka makahiki 1865, i ka mua kila Bike i nā kānakaʻenehana i lilo ka 'ōlelo Palaniʻepekema Michaux a me Lallement i hanaia i loko oʻEulopa. Naʻe, i ka huila o ka mea, he mau laau me ka hao Park. Ma kēia mau Ke Ana Hoʻohālike, ka mua huila ua me ka nui loa hou hoʻoneʻe (ka mea e hiki aku i ke anawaena o 1,6 m), no laila, i ka mea kope mua ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa inoa "punawelewele".

Ke kaupaona ana o ia huahana ua ma kahi o 35 kg, a me ka mämä holo i ka i ka mea hiki ke loaʻa ua like me 12 a hiki i 20 km / h. Wā, hana i kēia mea, i mai la lakou i ka mea, ua kokoke paʻakikī e kahu ai, a hiki i ka noho ma luna o ka Bike ua pilikia.

I ka 1869, ma ka Bike mua ua hoʻokahi hou nā loli, nana i hookumu i ka Pelekāne Cowper. wale He pākuʻi me maʻamau poepoe nā mea pilihao, e Nohie i ka papa o ka pa alima.

A pau ka paikikala i invented i loko o kona kēia palapala?

I ka hope loa ano o ka mea kuai i ka 1884, ka wā i ke alo a me ka hope huila o kila o ka ia nui. Ua Ua hoʻomaka 'ia e ka mea i ka mua huila, a ua nui nui mahope, kena ae la he nui traumatic wahi, i hiki.

i kapaʻia ka "paikikala" Ua haawiia mai i ka hou nā loli. He loaa koke hiʻona a puni ka honua, a ma ka hopena o ka XIX kenekulia ua kāinoa mua o ka loa Popular kaa.

No laila, summing mai, ka mea e e kaulana ia ia mea paakiki, e haawi aku i kekahi mau lā o ka wā o ka huila i invented, no ka mea, ua undergone nui loli hope o kona inception. Heʻoiaʻiʻo nō, he mea wale nō i ka mea i kona manaʻoe hoʻokumu i ka lima i loko o ka hailona ana o kanaka. Paha, ua hiki ke lawe paikikala like hana mea hou i hana muaʻole. Eia naʻe, ia mea i loko o ka mea uuku loa detract mai ana he ākea hiʻona e hoʻokele i loaa keia kaa i ka i loko o ia o ka pōkole wā o ka manawa.