Teutonic Papa a me Rusia: kū'ē

History, e like me ka makou i ike, ua hai. Over ke kenekulia i hala, i ke koena o ka mana ma luna o ka geopolitical palapala i loli na manawa he nui, ikeia oia, a nalowale moku'āina, i ka makemake o ka poe koa i hoounaia'ku na luna i ka ino, i ka pakaua, ma ke kaawale ana aina e make ana, he nui na tausani o ka hihipeʻa o na koa. Ke confrontation o Rusia, a o ka Teutonic Papa mea i laʻana o ka pono, e hoʻonui i ka ai-kapaia "Western cia" ma ka hikina o 'Eulopa, i pau ai ma ka ole. Ke ninau aicieeaao, pehea ka nui o lakou i ka manawa o ka naita lākou poʻe kaua e ka lanakila.

Ka loiloi mua kulana home 'ole

I ka pau ana o ka umikumamalua o ka kenekulia Koro Rus i ke aupuni 'ma ka oihana i hiki ke wehewehe aku ma ka ike' aoʻao o "ma waena o ka hāmare a me ka kua." Batu hana ma ka hema-komohana, liona luku a me ka hao wale disparate Slavic na'lii. paipai 'ana i ka Teutonic Naita i hoomaka ai i ka hapa o ka Baltic. Ke kaʻakālai pahuhopu o ka Karistiano kaua, i ka Pope hai aku, o lakou i ka lawe ana Catholicism a hiki i ka ike paka i o ka lāhui 'ōiwi heluna kanaka, e hana ana paganism. Finno-Ugric a me Baltic ohana, ua nawaliwali kū'ē i loko o ka oihana koa ano, a me ka kaua o ke kahua mua o ka ulu hala loa ana. I ka wā mai ka 1184 a hiki i ka hopena o ke kenekulia mua, he helu o ka lanakila aeia, e hoʻoikaika i ka pomaikai, e hookupaa i ka Riga kākela, a consolidate i ka bridgehead no hou aggression. Nae ka mea Europa crusade Rome kūkala i ka 1198, ka mea, ua ma luna o ka manao, e lilo i kekahi ano o ka hoopai no ka mea pio i loko o ka'Āina Hemolele. Nā Papahana a me ka oiaio pahu hopu ua loa loihi, mai na aʻo mai o Kristo - ka mea, i ka haʻi pili aupuni a me ka waiwai, akä,. Ma nā hua'ōlelo, ka Crusaders hele mai i ka aina o Estonians a Livonians e loot a me ka hopu. Ma ka palena hikina o ka Teutonic Papa a me Rusia ma ka hoʻomaka o ka XIII kenekulia zaimeli, he pono ole palena.

Koa o onei loiloi mua ke kahua

Pilina Teutons a Rus ua luna ', i ko lakou ano i hana ma ke kumu o ka ka pukaʻana koa-kālai'āina realities. ʻIliahi He pili alakai i pokole kuikahi nei, a me ka olelo ana aku i ka pagan ohana, ka wā i ke kahua dictated kekahi mau rula. General Christian ka manaoio, naʻe, i ole e hiki i ka Naita i nā alualu i ke kulekele o ka lāʻau i ka Kakolika manaoio o ka Slavic heluna kanaka, a kena ae la i kekahi mau manao. 1212 Ua kaha maha ma ka oihana koa kai eʻe hui umikumamalima thousandth o Novgorod a polochanskogo kaua ma ka helu o nā pale. Kēia Ua ukali e he manawa pōkole truce. Teutonic Papa a me Rusia komo aku la i ka wā o ke kue ana, i ka poe e mau no ka makahiki.

Western nā ho'āpono XIII kenekulia

"Chronicle o Livonia" Henrik kekahi mau 'ike e pili ana i ka pua ana o ka hale kākela Novgorod Wenden i ka 1217. Ua lilo enemi o na kēia kanaka Kelemānia a me ka Danes i makemake e Haiʻina mai lākou'āpana o ka Pie o ka Baltic. Ka mea, hoʻokumu he outpost, he pā "Taan Lynn" (e mau maka). Kēia i hana nā pilikia, a me ka poe e pili ana i ka a me ka lako hou. Ma pilina me kēia, a he nui nā kumu, ka mea, he e pinepine ae la oia Hooponopono Hou kona koa kūkulu 'ia, a me ka Teutonic Papa. E pili ana me Rusia loli Hawaiʻi Ka Uluwehi O Ke kaua ma luna o outposts hoomau, koi ana nui e loan.

Naʻe, i ka mea kaua mea,ʻaʻole loa pahuhopu nei me ka 'iʻini ma. Pope Gregory IX, e hoʻomaka piha-me ka unahiʻole koa hana wale mai,ʻaʻole i lawa ka hoʻokele waiwai kumu waiwai , a, ma ka hou i ideological ana i hiki ia, e kū'ē i ka Lūkini ikaika wale aneiai blockade o Novgorod, i i hanaia i ka 1228. I kēia lā, i kēia mau hana a makemake e kapaʻia nā ho'āpono. Ka mea, i ole i holomua, ka Gotland poe kalepa ole i ke kaumaha ka waiwai no ka pono o ka papalʻano pākīkē pono kīvila a no ka hapanui loa AOON kāhea aku a ke no ka blockade.

Ka nā kaʻao o ka poe a pau o "Teutonic Naita"

More a emi holomua paipai aʻo kai eʻe i loko o ka'āina hoʻoili o ka Naita hana mau i ka noho alii ana o Yaroslav Vsevolodovich, ma lalo o Yuriev lanakila i lawe mai i ke kulanakauhale a hiki i ka papa inoa o ka hoʻokupu o Novgorod (1234). I mea, a kohu pono no ka mea hū ike paka i ke kiʻi o ka poe a pauʻaʻahuʻia i loko o ke kapa kila o ka crusaders, Lūkini hoʻopio o ke kulanakauhale, hanaia ma filmmakers (nō hoʻi Sergeem Eyzenshteynom), ʻae nō hoʻi, ia mea,ʻaʻole pahuhopu nei me ka mōʻaukala oiaio. Naita, he nui positional paio, ho'āʻo ana e malama i ka mea kukulu i mau pāpū ma a me nā hale aliʻi, kēlā wā i kēia wā wahi kāʻeʻaʻeʻa Pilisetia ma luna o ka wiwoʻole, e like me adventurous. Teutonic Papa a me Rusia ma ka ke kanakolu o ka XIII kenekulia i okoa mau kumu, a me kā lākou pilina Hawaiʻi nui a me ka oi ole i loko o ka lokomaikaʻi o ka Kelemānia komohewa.

Alexander Nevsky

Ka inoa alii o Novgorod pono ka lanakila ma luna o ka Swedes, ka mea i 'aʻa i ka lele i ka 1240 ma Lūkini ka lepo, ma ka waha o ka Neva. Manao "pae" mea ma kēlāʻaoʻao o kanalua, a me ka poe hou, akā, ua ka hoao ana i ka oihana koa alakaʻi (makua kāne kula) alakai i kona poe koa uuku i loko o ke kūpono '. Ka lanakila i ka uku no ka ikaika, a me ka mea, ua i ka hope. Kekahi crusade ia Rusia o ka Teutonic Papa, hoomaka lakou e ka Naita i ka 1242, i pau ai i ole no na aggressors. kaua manao, i i a laila, ua kapaʻia ka "Kaua ma ka Ice" Ua brilliantly hāpai a ana hoʻokō. Prince Alexander Nevsky i loko no nā 'o ka'āina, ka hoʻohana' ana naʻee nā kaʻa mokulele, hoʻolālā i ke kōkua o ke iā Goga, i loaa mai kona mea koa kōkua, ma ka mau, e pili nā mea a pau i loaʻa kumu waiwai, a me ka lanakila, ua hoonani mai la ia i kona inoa ma ka makahiki. Ma ka lalo o Peipsi haʻalele nui enemi koa, a me ke koena o na koa i make a hoopio iho la ia. 1262 ua hoailono aku la i loko o ka mōʻaukala buke e like me ka lā o ka Novgorod kuikahi me ka Lituania alii Mindaugas, a me i ka pua ana i lawe Wenden,ʻaʻole loa holomua, akā,ʻaʻole nele: ua kena ae la i ka hui koa o kaʻenemi nui ka pōʻino. Ma hope iho o kēia hanana, ka Teutonic Papa a me Rusia kokoke oki ae koa haʻawina no nā makahikiʻeono. He maikaʻi no ka Novgorod ma luna o ka mahele o spheres o ka ole o ka aelike.

Pau 'ana o ke kaua

All kaua e hele mai a hiki i ka hopena. A pau i ka lōʻihi confrontation, i hele pu Livonian Teutonic Papa a me Rusia. Pōkole hai i ke i o ka hope Episode o ka nui loa-makahiki kue - kaua o Wesenberg, e aneane poina. Kona paa ana i Pepeluali 1268, a hoike mai i ka impotence o ka hui Denemaka-German poʻe hao wale, ka poe i imi e hoole i ka pono KUMUMANAʻO NUI kulana home 'ole i loko o lākou ka lokomaikaʻiʻia mai. Ma ke kahua mua i ka Naita e hoʻokele i oust i ka oihana o ke koa alakaʻiʻia e ke keiki a Alexander Nevsky, Dmitry. Kēia i ukali ia e kekahi counterattack o elima tausani poʻe hao wale, a me kaʻenemi holo aku la. Formally, o ka hoouka kaua ana i loko o ka huki: Russian kaua nele, e lawe i ka pakaua hoʻopilikiaʻia e ia (paha, e like me ka pilikia a me ka ua i manaoia no ka makau o ka nui pōʻino), akā, i kēia a me nā ho'āʻo emi pīhoihoi, e lawe i ka Initiative Teutons pilikia. I kēia lā ka mea, e hoohalike ai wale malamaia nā pā kaua.