Ka nohona kiwikā pneumothorax: 'ehaʻeha ka, Symptoms,ʻike, a me ka iapaau ana

Ma ia i ka maʻi, me ka nohona kiwikā pneumothorax, pleural māhele o ka oxygen ma pele, i ka huina o ka a ua kiʻekiʻe e māhuahua. me ka hiʻona o ka nohona kiwikā o hana i ka hoike ana o ka pathology hou pili. Hana ua uhaʻi ia i pili i ka anal o ka lewa, mai ka ia maʻiʻaʻai ka pleura, a me ka impossibility o kona aʻe neʻeʻana. No ka mea, o keia, ma ka pahu āpana hoʻomakaʻu loa ka eha, no ka mea, he nui emi ma ka akemāmā buke, a me nā kaʻina hana o ka inhalation pilikia.

Oia ka pathological ana ua, ua ikeia no ka lōʻihi loa ka manawa, a ua pili kona helehelena me ka hopena o pulmonary tuberculosis. Akā, kŘpa a nei, ka mea i loaʻa i ka maʻi 'ōili mai koke. keia pathology ua diagnosed pinepine ina hanu pilikia pili me ka rupture o ka bullae.

ano

Pneumothorax kiwikā mea kūloko ma, a mawaho, a me ka mea hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ke kahuaʻano papa hana. Kūloko nānaina o ka pneumothorax ia lŘlŘ ma muli o ke poho i ka bronchi nui, a me ka alo o ka patchwork malamalama eha. Pleural lua ua piha i ke ea ma ka kina i loko o ka visceral pleura. Ma keia hihia ka mea hana me ka nohona kiwikā huʻa akemāmā'aʻaʻa a inspiratory lewa a hele, a 'aʻole i Exhale OAAIeOO kinoea hoʻi i ka akemāmā.

Ka mawaho helehelena o ka pneumothorax ua wehewehe aku ma ka mea ana i ke kūlana o ka nohona kiwikā i loko o keia hihia e ka pahee'aʻaʻa nā palapū o ka pahu. Inhalation'ōwili kihi a hoʻomaka e hoÿonui ai, i ka lewa hiki ke alalai ole komo i loko o ka pleural lua i exhalation, a me ka hoole mai oia ia lŘlŘ ka eha lua me ka lakou la hoolana ana ia i hope.

Nā kumu o ka maʻi

Ka nohona kiwikā pneumothorax i kekahi mau kumu no ka hanana. Loa pinepine ia mea he traumatic a me ka noho'na makaainana i ulu ano o ka maʻi.

Ke kumu o kaʻeha (traumatic) mea paʻa pneumothorax umauma trauma, pu ma rupture o ke akemāmā'aʻaʻa paha umauma penetrating eha. Pela ka mea, he 'ano kokololio "ka ponaʻana" ma luna o ka pahu pa weheʻeha, oiai ka bronchusʻeha mau e gape. No kēiaʻano o ka eha nā:

• iwiʻaoʻao fractures;
• gunshot a me ka pahi, eha i ka umauma;
• poho bronchus a esophagus haole kino;
• haule mai ke kiekie;
• discontinuities bronchi a me ka 'ole. d.

Noho'na makaainana i ulu pneumothorax ua wehewehe aku ma ka rupture o ka Hoʻololi 'hapa o ke akemāmā'aʻaʻa. He hoʻonui i ka ulu ana o keia pathology o na kēia mau maʻi:

• tuberculosis;
• bullous emphysema, ke akemāmā;
• cystic fibrosis;
• akemāmā abscess ;
• pneumoconiosis listen'ōlelo.

Ka hoʻopukaʻana aʻe i ke kūpono 'ana o ka noho'na makaainana i ulu pneumothorax e D. puʻu, luʻu, physical stress, a no laila, ma luna o.

symptoms

Maʻamau, i ka wa o ka nohona kiwikā pneumothorax ahonui mea ma ka noho pilikia ke ano. He malia, aia no he haʻi kaʻeha i loko o ka pahu, hiki aku i ka poohiwi maka,'ūhā mua a me ka abdomen. Helu kuhi puke i ka holomua hoʻomaka koke pokole o ka hanu, nawaliwali, cyanosis, aia no he lilo o ka ike paka i, hoʻonui intercostal hakahaka, Hoʻonui i ka pono ma kaʻaoʻao maikaʻiʻole ia ma o ka pahu. Palpitations pokole o ka hanu, hypotension, tachycardia - i kekahi hoailona o ka valvular pneumothorax.

Ke ea hoʻomaka koke loaa i loko o ka pleural lua hiki i cardiac paha pulmonary insufficiency, kūpono i ka make ia lŘlŘ. Ma ka hopena o complications o ka maʻi nā empyema pleural effusion, a kū'ē.

lapaʻau '

Kauka me ka hoʻomanawanui ninaninau hōʻike subcutaneous emphysema, ka backlog i ha ma kaʻaoʻao maikaʻiʻole ia ma o ka pahu, flattening intercostal hakahaka. E ho ohana X-Ray malamalama akomi i atelectasis a offset ma kaʻaoʻao ola o ka mediastinum malu.

Pleural puncture me ka manometer e leie aku, eʻike mai kekahi i kekahi e hamama ana, a me ka paa hou mai la kiwikā pneumothorax. Inā wai a mea e noho ana, ka wehena ua lawe mai no hoi ia noiʻi a me ka pleural effusion ma ke kelepona hele haku mele 'ana a me ka microflora. E kuhikuhi i ka wahi a me ka nui o pleural fistula, hoʻomaka PalekanaEND_LINK thoracoscopy a me ka plevroskopiyu.

lapaʻau

Ka iapaau ana mua o valvular pneumothorax E e pahuna ma decompression o ka mediastinum a me ka akemāmā, a, e hana ia e like me ka 'āwīwī i hiki. E lawe mai i kēia hookuuia transthoracic puncture ole thoracostomy me obligatory ka hoʻokō 'ana o ka OE nōkahea Byulau. Wale nō ma hope o ka hoʻomanawanui na manipulations e kaʻi aku i ka haukapila no ka hou lapaau.

E stabilize i ke ano o ka hoomanawanui, ka mea, ua lawelawe ole-narcotic a me ka narcotic analgesics, mea'ōnaehana mānowai koko lapaʻauʻia, antibiotics, antitussives.

He nui no ka neʻeʻana i ka nohona kiwikā a hiki i ka paʻa pneumothorax. E hana i kēia au e mau omo i ka pleural lua. Inā ka lewa pele aɃe no nōkahea, kēia Hōʻike he sila lua. Nōkahea lawe aku oe i nā lā o ka piha wehewehe ana o ke akemāmā ma hope, ina ka mea, ua hookupaa iho la ia radiographically.

Inā ka malamalama mea,ʻaʻole hiki ke palahalaha ae, keʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau kanaka o ka pneumothorax. Poho thorax pono suturing o ka eha a me ka thoracotomy. Inā he mea i ka pilikia o ka hou-hoʻonaʻauao o ka noho'na makaainana i ulu pneumothorax kiwikā, laila, pili i kaʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau lapaau o ka nń ku maʻi. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka pathology hana segmentectomy, bilobektomiyu, marginal akemāmā resection, lobectomy, pleurectomy, pleurodesis, a me nā uao ai '.

Pilikia kōkua i loko o ka maʻi

Aia mau wahi, i hiki i ka hoʻomanawanui i koi ka manaʻo kōkua ma ka nohona kiwikā pneumothorax. E malama i kona ola, oe e:

• e mālie i kekahi kanaka;
• e hoolako ia me ka hoʻohana i ka hou lewa;
• Eʻimi 'inikua aʻo koke.

First kōkua mea e puncture ka mānoanoa kuikele pahu pā pōhaku. Manawa a hiki i keia ia mea hiki ke koke ho'ēmi i kiʻekiʻe puʻe i loko o ka pleura.

Kāohiʻana a me ka prognosis

Complication o ka valvular pneumothorax mea he kŰia akemāmā maʻi pale pneumoempyema, cardio-pulmonary insufficiency. Manawa e hoomakaukau 'inikua kōkua e kōkua loaʻa ai ke ola.

Maʻi Kāohi ua pahuna i pale ulia. Eia hou, i ka oaeouee nana pulmonologist, tuberculosis a me thoracic surgeon kuhikuhi i nā mea maʻi me ka pulmonary pathology.

ka hopena

Penei, ka nohona kiwikā pneumothorax ua kuhi noho pilikia loa maʻi i loko i ka hopena o keia kōkua hiki aku i ka make. Nolaila, e hoomanawanui i me keia pathology e mau nīnau aku i ke kauka, a me 'āwīwī i hiki.