Ka Red Book o ka Volgograd wahi: kanu, na manu, na holoholona

Ka Red Book o ka Volgograd māhele - he kūikawā palapala hooponopono ana i ke kaʻina hana no ka maluhia o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona i loko o ka māhele 'āina. All mea o flora a? Aaoa e hookauwa aku i loko o ka palapala o ka papa, ma loko o ke alo o kela a me keia o ia mau mea na ka degere o ka rarity mai 1 (o nā kulanui o ka hoʻoweliweli ') i 7 (aneane). Aia ka he papa inoa o ka poe elele, ma ka kekahi lima e oi 0. kēia 'o ia hoʻi i ka mea nalowale mai o ka māhele' āina. Eia kekahi, i ke ano o ka Volgograd māhele 'āina, a he oiaio, ua nui loa pohihihi Eia kekahi laʻana o kona Poeikohoia, e waiho i loko o ka hana aaiaoe pali. Ua Ua hanaia i ka 2010. Ka Red Book o ka Volgograd māhele - keia mea,ʻaʻole wale na flora a? Aaoa, akā, pohihihi lepo ma luna o ka verge o ka ia'na.

moʻolelo

Nā ho'āʻo mua ia,ʻo ka lehulehu i na pilikia o ka maluhia o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona i nō i loko o ka kakahiaka nui 90-ies o XX kenekulia. Ua Ua laila, kuu ma luna o ka mua Red Puke o ka Volgograd māhele. Ka mea, ua ka mau kaulana 'epekema ka paʻi, a i ole loio i ikaika. Next, ka mea i hele mai i kekahi mau o kēia mau paʻi puke, a me wale i ka 2004, e like me ka manao paa o ke Poo o ka luna 'oihana, ka kūhelu papa i ua hookuu. Ma kona kumu, a ua i mai ke Book Red o ka Volgograd māhele: Animals (Volume 1), kanu a me fungi (Volume 2).

Ua pono e olelo mai i ka papa inoa o ka hoomaluia nā paena ka loa lawe lima: kekahi 'elele hoʻokoe' ia mai ia, oiai kekahi poe i i. Pela ka mea, ua, no kekahi laʻana, a me ka meaʻuʻuku noketura, ka poe i hui i ka papa inoa i loko o ka makahiki 2010.

I 2011th ka lolouila mana o ka puke i hookuu. Ua pono e olelo mai la ia i ke kuleana no ka Book Red o ka kūikawā Komite ma Environmental ka hoomalu ana no ka māhele 'āina. Ma kona kumu i hana i ka kūikawā Komisina, i epa me ke kahua o ka papa inoa o ka laha 'ana o flora a? Aaoa ma ka nele o kūikawā aiiay ana.

invertebrates

Ka papa inoa o ka palekana mea o ke ano Volgograd māhele komo pū 'elele o na pūʻulu a me ka papa. No ka hoʻomaka ka mea, pono e olelo mai no na invertebrates. No laila, i loko o ka Book Red o ka Volgograd nui māhele'āina lāʻau lapaʻau leech ua hui pū. Mākaukau kaua paha ma keia mau annelid i ka wai, ka makemake o nā muddy lalo a me ka mōakāka ka wai.

Ma helehelena kohu i ka leech o ko lākou mau hoahānau, annelids, akā, i ke kino ua iki flattened. Waha, e komo ai i ke ano o ke omo kiaha ana i invertebrate paka lākou iho ai - koko. Kēia huahana ua waiho i loko o ka'ōpū leeches mooolelo no ka lōʻihi manawa - he mau mahina. Ka a pau wahi a kūikawā koʻohune e noho i loko o ka opu ia, e ālai ia 'aʻe i ke koko clotting. Keia invertebrate kupono i kekahi koko.

Laha ana o ka leeches ma ka lapaau (ka mea kōkua alleviate i keʻano me ka varicose aa koko, likeʻole ili lesions) i ka papa kuhikuhiE ke kaupalenaʻana ololi - ka mea i loaa ma ka nunui mea. Naʻe, i kēia ololi nalowale ma hope o phlebotomy i kūpono hoomaka ia e hoʻohana ', a me ka poe i aoia ia auoiaea leeches hanalima me ka unahiʻole. Kekahi o ka ke kaupalenaʻana kumumea - ka emi o ka heluna kanaka o ka rana. Ka mea, o ko lakou koko leechesʻai ma luna o nā keiki.

Kekahi 'elele o ka invertebrates, a iloko ona i kakauia na Book Red o ka Volgograd māhele - ka mānoanoa o ka pūniu muliwai mussel. Kēia bivalve, e noho ana ma ka māpuna muliwai maemae. Ka lōʻihi o ka iwi perlovitsy pono ma 7 knm ihoiho. Life expectancy mea he nui: clams i palapala, noho no 22 makahiki. I ka papa kuhikuhiE ke kaupalenaʻana ololi - ka mea hōʻemi o ka wai ka pono, a, me ia i kaʻilihune, ka ho'ēmiʻana o populations o ka muliwai o ka iʻa, a parasitize ka larvae o invertebrates aeaiiuo.

arthropoda

Mai ka papa o ka crustaceans mea i komo i loko o ka Book Red o ka Volgograd māhele 'āina, ka mea e e kaulana kauwela Szczytno. Keia ano o ka noho ana me ka loli mākou Honua miliona o ka makahiki ma luna, i kēia manawa dangerously hoemiia. Noho i kēia mea uuku crustacean ma kai kohola me ka hohonu HEN, mai 20 knm i 2 mau mika. Nō hoʻi ka mea kupono loko, na awawa,, auwai, waikahe kula mai. I Szczytno aia no he kūikawā nenoaiie o ke ola larvae hoʻomōhala i loko o ka pōkole makahiki, a hoʻomoe, a laila, nui koke lilo nā kiʻie oʻo. Kēia mea He mea nui kaianoho koholā ano i kai kohola, i hiki koke maloʻo mai. Eia hoʻi, e like me ka rula, ke'ākeʻakeʻa mai nō ma luna o ka meaʻai kaula i loko o kona kaianoho koholā. Eia naʻe, i ko lakou helu e emi ana no hoi ma muli i ka wai nōkahea (larvae e ole i manawa e hele aku ma o ka pōʻaiapuni).

Kekahi crustacean e ola ana i loko o puddles a me ka mea uuku loko - hirotsefalus horribilis. Ia, aole ia e poho iho, o kona kino wale nō 16 mm o ihoiho. Ke crustacean mea i mau noi, oia neiʻoniʻoni ma ka puddles ma ka huli ana i ka ai - plankton, holoholona, a me kaʻai. Hakaka ka lakou ma ka helu o nā habitats.

Tanimastiks loko kekahi manaʻoi hoomalu i loko o ka Volgograd māhele 'āina. Ke crustacean mea liʻiliʻi (13 mm) a pili i ka mea i hanau branchiopoda, nohoʻano nui i loko o aiaiaiia. Na ke kaupalenaʻana ololi no keia mea, i ka haumia ea o ka aina, i hana kona kaianoho koholā.

No hoi kekahi o ka poe liilii, crustaceans E e kaulana branhinektu ka poe liilii, a me ka streptotsefala groznonogogo. Ke kaupalenaʻana kumumea a habitats ka mea, e like me ka poe i ho'ākāka 'ia ma luna.

O nā 'elele o arachnids i loko o ka Book Red o ka Volgograd māhele' āina i hele mai ka moohueloawa nana Kaiwaenahonua. Ma ka inoa ka mea, mea hoike ma ka pono Luna o ka loa, akā, i kēia mau mea ola i loko o ka Volgograd māhele 'āina. Ka mea, makemake one soils: ma waena, wao akua mau mea, pono-e lalana ana ma o ka lā. Ka mea,ʻai ma luna o nā nā mea kolo: punawelewele, nahu, uuku Letra Kolohe Kai.

nā mea kolo

A pau i loko o ka Book Red o ka Volgograd māhele kākau 59? Ueo o nā mea kolo. E ka poe no ka i mea kaiapuniʻo makaʻu i ka loa, i ka mea, ka mea i 'ae' ia i loko o ka puke o ka helu 1 a 2 mai noʻonoʻo.

Kornegryz krasnoloby - ka hope manawa keia uhini lele e ola ana wale nō i loko o ka Lower Volga māhele 'āina, ike i loko o ka'āina i loko o 1994. Ka wahi mea kaianoho koholā - Lake Elton.

Kekahi miomio o? Ueo - chafer i laumania. Kēia 'elele scarab' Oi ka makemake e noho i loko o ka, kahiko laau kahiko. A pau no ka mea, chafer larvae hoʻomōhala i ka popopo wauke, a me nā mākua hanai ma ka laau SAP. Most makemake lāʻauʻoka noʻAsetarota, akā, i kekahi i loaʻa ma ka hua laau e like me na ohia a me ka ohia. Hoemi i ka helu pili me ka ohi ana o ka wa kahiko kalana.

Loko o hoomalu ma ka Volgograd'āina, a me ka uhini lele mai o kaʻohana o nā weevils -chetyrehpyatnisty stefanokleonus. Kēia insect lehu oho kīnā 1.5 kenimika ma ka lōʻihi. He makemake ko kaianoho koholā - ka hehi, i hoolakolako larvae i loko o ka lepo. 'ō'ō palau ana ia a me ka mahi ana i hou aina - ka papa kuhikuhiE ke kaupalenaʻana ololi.

Hoomaluia wahi a Letra Kolohe Kai. I ka inoa i kekahi mau ano: dandelion ka mu, Saturnia Pavonia, acontius Titania, heʻulaʻula tiga mu, Dawn zegris, Lucyna, neolycaena rhymnus. Ka nalowale ana o keia insect? Ueo ua pili i ka lukuia'na o ko lākou mau habitats: ulu lāʻau, a me nā grasslands laau uuku.

iʻa

Kekahi mau poʻe e noho lā ma ka loko ia no hoi i ka pono o ka kūikawā hoomalu i loko o ka palena o ka Volgograd māhele. Eia nō kekahi laʻelaʻe 'ia. Mua, ka mea, o ka lamprey, ka Caspian a me Ukrainian. Inā i ka la mahope i ike ia ma ka Volga kiaha nei (ma ka Sura River), ka Caspian i noho ai iʻaneʻi, hoʻokahi houʻana, akā,ʻaneʻane nalowale ma hope o ka hana ana o ka Volgograd makua. Ukrainian lamprey uuku Caspian: he kino lōʻihi o 20 knm, oiai ka hope a hiki i 55 knm.

Animals o ka Volgograd aina, helu ma ka Red Book - ia mea no hoi kela ano keia ano o ka iʻa. Penei, he pakahi aku la ia hoomaluiaʻaneʻi starlet. He He lâlâ 'uuku o kaʻohana o nā sturgeons, i hiki 125 kenimika ma ka lōʻihi. Moana ka makemake o nā liʻiliʻi invertebrates, i kekahi manawa ai caviar. Ka mea, e ola ana i ke 30 makahiki. I ka papa kuhikuhiE ke kaupalenaʻana kumumea - poaching (i waiwai ai ka iʻa) a me ka wai haumia ea. Sturgeon makemake i ke aniani akaka wai.

ʻaneʻane nalowale, mai ka wai mai o ka aina o ka trout, beluga Azov a me ka Volga herring.

mea kolo a pau

He aha nā 'elele o ka loaʻa o ka Book Red o ka Volgograd māhele' āina? Animals kona like, loaʻa nō kekahi 'elele o na mea kolo.

No ka laʻana, copperhead vulgaris. Oiai keia nahesa mai o ka ohana colubridae no ka poʻe mea,ʻaʻole pilikia, e pepehi like hoʻi me kā lākou mau habitats - woodland? Ii, pono e lalana ana i kekahi ma ka lā. Copperhead hiki e kekahi poʻo i loko o ke kala, a me ka hulu-mea eleele paha hoi i eleele. Kona papa likeʻole - ke koa, maalo ae la oia ma ka maka.

Hoomalu ma ka Volgograd māhele mau ke ano o na nahesa: zheltobryuhy a me ka quad. Mau colubridae maikai piʻi akula nō hoʻi laau, kahi a lakou e ko lakou mau ai. No kekahi kanaka,ʻaʻole mea i hoʻoweliweli '.

Ka wale Luna o ka mea kolo o ka Book Ula o ka Volgograd māhele, pilikia i kānaka - moolele Nikolsky. He nahesa i ka palahalahaʻeleʻele waihoʻoluʻu. Ua Oi ka makemake o nā hua deciduous nahele i loko o ka muliwai awawa. I ka papa kuhikuhiE ke kaupalenaʻana kumumea - kaianoho koholā ka make, trapping a hoʻohuihui me ka maa moonihoawa.

manu

Kekahi papa o ka holoholona e i hoomaluia e ka Book Red o ka Volgograd māhele, - i ka manu. Ka mea, he 54? Ueo. E ka loa kūlana mākou noʻonoʻo.

Mua, e lohe i ka poeikohoia o ka Duck. He uuku keʻokeʻo, a me ke kinikini i teal, a keʻokeʻo-hina Duck a me ka ferruginous Duck. Hope manu - he loa ke nānā malihini Volgograd māhele aie i ka mea i ka mea, aole loa aiacayueony. Nō hoʻi ma luna o ka helu o ka Duck lakou aloha ia kanaka oicyenoaaiiie aayoaeuiinoe pili i ka lukuia'na o ko lākou mau habitats. Akeakea kuleana holoholona - kekahi ololi.

Manu o ka waiwai pio kūikawā e hopohopo nei o ka cop, Pallid Harrier, i oi aku ke kikohukohuʻaeto lā, Saker manu lele, Peregrine manu lele, a uuku iho Kestrel.

Mai Galliformes E līkaia grouse a me ka bustard. Ka manu mua noho ana ma nahele kihi holoholona, i ka lua o ka makemake o nā hehi. Lākou mauʻenemi - kanaka. Bustard nalowaleʻana aku ma muli o ke kūpono 'ana o ke hehi ma lalo o ka aina arable, a me grouse no ka hapanui loa aie i ka ke aliiwahine imi mea hihiu ana.

mammals

Mammals o ka Volgograd aina, helu ma ka Red Book - he Lūkini Desman (kona heluna kanaka ua aneane nalowale ma muli o ka wai haumia ea, a me ka luku ana o na ana), a me nā rodents ('ākau ekolu-a hiki i jerboa a me ke awakea gerbil). Moana mau mea e hopohopo nei mea wale ka Luna o ka weasel ohana - ligation.

mea kanu

'Aʻole wale nō i malama? Aaoa Red Buke o ka Volgograd māhele. kekahi mea kanu i poe. E kekahi o ia iā mākou hoʻokolokolo ai. Ua ua olelo mai ia oe ke halawai i keʻano o? Aaoa - mai mosses a me lichens i fungi.

Penei, ma lalo o kūikawā hoomalu ia i ka Red Puke o ka Volgograd wahi i ka mea kanu i nā 'elele o ka bryophytes. A hailona no ia. E helu i ka pakahi aku la ia pohihihi keia: anomodon longifolia, klimatsium treelike, taksifillum vissgrilli, enkalipta zavitoplodnaya.

Of Fern mea e hoʻolako Marsilio bristly. Kēia hanana kanu ola i loko o ka wai? Aiaiiuie kino, no laila kona heluna hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka nui o ke kimu ole i loko o ka makahiki. Nō hoʻi,ʻo ke kaupalenaʻana ololi o ka oicyenoaaiiie aayoaeuiinoe o ke kanaka: no ka hooulu ana o kaʻai no ka mauu nei no.

Pela hoomaluia primroses a me ka Volgograd māhele 'āina. Red puke hele mai i ka mea e malu ai, no ka laʻana, peony kaumaha-hana, i blooms ma kakahiaka May. Kēia pua nani aʻo ua Kaʻahumanu noonoo, i mea no ke aha la ia mea pinepine ole no bouquets. Eia kekahi, o ka wahi waiho kokoke ana i hehi i mauu nei no. Kekahi primrose Red Book - Lūkini grouse, no ka ohana daylilies. Tulips Gesner a dvuhtsvetkovy no hoi i malama ka Book Red o ka Volgograd māhele. Mea kanu komo i loko o laila, ka mea, ua papaia e loko, a hoʻohana 'ia paha no ka hana.