Kawaihae no Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy. mea kūʻiʻo hoihoi

Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna (makahiki o ke ola - 1892-1941) - he kaulana Lūkini haku mele. Ua ua i ke kaikamahine Tsvetaeva Ivan Vladimirovich (1847-1913), he nä känaka 'epekema. No kona hana ua wehewehe aku ma ka pilialoha maximalism, ka rejection o maʻamau o ke ola, make ka mea i aloha ai, loneliness mau noʻonoʻo. Major hoiliili ole o ka haku mele - "Milestones" (1921), paʻiʻia ma 1923. "Luncheon", "Mahope o Rusia" (1928). Ua Ua no hoi i kukuluiaʻi ma ka makahiki 1925 i ka satirical poem i kapaia "Pie Piper", a me ka mea e hiki mai ana - ". Poem o ke Kai" Kawaihae a Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy e e kūkākūkā i loko o kēia 'atikala.

ka ohana Tsvetaeva

Tsvetaeva Marina Ua hānauʻia ma luna o 26 September (kahiko kaila - 8 October) 1892 ma Moscow. Kona makua kāne, e like me mākou i olelo ai mamua, ua i nä känaka 'epekema i hana kūikawā i kahiko mōʻaukala, oe a me ka epigraphy. He ua i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā a me ka mua kuhikuhi (mai ka 1911 a hiki i 1913), Museum o Nice Arts. Ka mare mua i ke Kumu loa maikai, akā, ma hope o ka hanau ana o ke keiki elua, i ka wahine opio i make, a me Ivan Tsvetaev hou male Mary Mayne. I ka 1892, 26 September, keia mau ikea ke kaikamahine a loaa no ia i ka inoa o Marina ( 'o ia hoʻi, ka "kai"). No laila, hoʻomaka ke Kawaihae o Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy.

Mom, Meyn Mariya Aleksandrovna, make i ka 1906. He ua he pianist, he haumāna o Rubinshteyna A. G. kēia wahine i i he nui hopena ma luna o ka Marina. Ua moe au i kona kaikamahine i lilo i pianist. Naʻe, ke ao nei o poetry o Laielohelohe i ka opiopio Tsvetaeva oi ma mua o ka hana ana o ka manaʻo. Kekahi makahikiʻeono makahiki kaikamahine kakau iho la oia i ka pauku mua. Aʻaʻole wale Russian Marina, ke ahaʻia, akā, i loko o ka 'ōlelo Palani a me ke Kelemānia. He oiaio, ua pololei lawe mai i na kaikamahine (Marina, a me kona kaikuaana o Anastasia) makuwahine. Ka mea, loaa ka hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi loa. Kupuna kāne hapa-na hoahanau a me na kaikuahine - i ke kakaolelo, a publicist Ilovajskij Dmitri Ivanovich.

Kamaliʻi o ka wā e hiki mai haku mele

Kawaihae a Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy i loko o kona mau kakahiaka makahiki paha e ka mea ia ia ua he keiki, no ka maʻi makuwahine ola i ka manawa lōʻihi ma Germany, Kuikilana, Italy. Mai hemo mai i aʻoʻia i loko o ka gymnasium i piha i ka papa i kula hanai ma Freiburg a me Lausanne. Marina paʻa poeko Kelemānia a me Palani. Ua hoʻolohe ma ka Sorbonne i ka 1909, Palani moʻokalaleo papa.

koke kuokoa

Ma hope iho o ka make ana o ka makuwahine o ke keiki mālama haule iho ma luna o kona makua hokua o na kanaka. He ua mumulu mai i ka hana, no laila, ka mea hiki ole i hoʻolaʻaʻia lā a pau i kona manawa. I mea no ke aha la, malia paha, ua ulu na kaikamahine ma kela aoao o kona mau makahiki kuokoa, lilo hoihoi i kakahiaka nui ma ke kulana pili aupuni i loko o ka moku'āina, ka pilina me ka mea ku pono ke keka.

Education Marina Tsvetaeva

Ma ka manaʻo koʻikoʻi o kona makuwahine i ka manawa'ōpio wale nō Marina Tsvetaeva hele aku la i ke mele kula, a i ka home haʻawina mele. Akā, i kēia mau hana ma hope o ka make ana o Maria ka hou kūpono 'ole i. Marina a me kona kaikuahine i loaa i kona iniiaiie hoʻonaʻauao ma ka hale, ma lalo o ke alakaʻi o kona makuwahine. I ka makahiki o ka 8-9 makahiki, i ka wā e hiki mai haku mele pu me papa ma ka gymnasium Bryukhonenko HI, a laila, ma Kuikilana, ma Lausanne. Ua aʻo ma 1903 ma ka Hui kula, a laila, hele akula ma hope o ka 'ohana neʻe i loko o ka Palani kula. Tsvetaeva hoomau i kona mau haʻawina i loko o Hawaii, ma ka keena hookipa, ka hale o Freiburg. Ua hoopuni hāʻawi 'ōlelo, a laila ka mea, ua pinepine hoʻolimalima i loko o ka unuhi, no ka mea,ʻike hoʻokumu' aʻole e hoʻonui loaʻa kālā keia haku mele, e like Marina Tsvetaeva. Kawaihae, a poem iā ia wale nō ma hope o hoomaka ae la o kona make ana, e ho'āla i ka pono o na mea he nui.

Marina, hele akula i loko o ka makahiki 1908 a hiki i Paris, kahi ia i helu i ka Sorbonne. Aia ia i hoʻolohe i ka haʻi'ōlelo ma Old Palani moʻokalaleo.

Ka hoʻomaka o ka palapala, ai 'ha awina

Makakū Kawaihae o Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy hoʻomaka like penei. Ka mua ka palapala, ai ike maopopo ana i pili i ka pōʻai o ka Symbolists o Moscow. Marina halawai mai Briusov, a loaa he hopena nui ma luna o kona i poetry, a me ka haku mele i Ellios (Kobylinskiy Lev Lvovich). Ua komo i loko o nā hana o ka laau a me ka o Nuioka ma, Aia ma ka hoʻopuka puke hale "Musaget". No hoi i ka nui keiki noʻeau a me ka poetic honua o ka hale (i loko o ka Crimea), i ke akamai a me ka manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni haku mele Maximilian Voloshin. Ua noho ma Koktebel na manawa he nui.

Ka mua hoiliili ole

I kona mau hoiliili ole o ka poetry "Ja Album" (1910), a "The Magic ipukukui" (1912), like me ka palapala ma ka 1914 poem "kilokilo" hoʻokolokolo pono 'ano o ka hale kalepa (kiʻi, aniani keleawe, keʻena, keiki o), heluhelu, e hele ana ma ka Boulevard, mele, hana, pili me kona kaikuwahine, a me ka makuwahine simulated diary o ka uʻi schoolgirl. "Ja album aku" i hoolaa ai i ka hoomanao ana o Mary Bashkirtseva Konstantinovna artist mea e kālele ana diary, confessional kohoʻia. E like me ka palapala ma ka 1921, ka poem "Ma o ka lioʻulaʻula" shape Fabulous pilialoha Mele loaʻa i ka moʻolelo o ka haku mele ana.

hou hana

Mea laʻa a pilina me Sofey Parnok (a mākou nō hōʻike), i ka pōʻaiapuni o ka poem "loira" ikea i ka 1916. Iloko o ke Kanawai War hele mai i ka pōʻaiapuni me ke kuleana "Swan Song," a i hoolaa ai i ka heroism o ke keʻokeʻo luna. Aia i loko o kona mau hana, a poem, a me ka pilialoha liilii, e like me "he lioʻulaʻula", "Yegorushka", "Tsar kaikamahine".

Hoʻokolokolo me Rodzevich hooeueu ae la i ka mea i hanaia o ka hoiliili ana o "poem o ke Kai" a me "poem o ka mauna." Ma Paris, malaila ua hope wa e ohi o Marina. Kēia 'ohana neʻe i ka 1928, mai ka Lepupalika Czech. Ua noho unpublished, akā, ka hapanui o kona mau poem. Marina i ke olaʻano nui unuhi Pelekane, a makakū ahiahi.

pōʻino

Ka nui pohihihi Efron ohana (kane o ka haku mele), a me Tsvetaeva, mea ua paipaiʻia ia e neʻe i ka Soviet Union i ka 1939? Mamua White luna, Efron, ka poe i kaua paakiki e ku e ka Bolsheviks, anapu koke manaoio aku i ka lanakila o ka communism. He la hou ia ma Palika me ke kaiāulu no ka mana i ka NKVD, i hana mai ai me ka hoi ana mai o ka emigrants i kā lākou'āina. I ka 1937, mua i hele mai Moscow Marina Tsvetaeva ka kaikamahine, Ariadne (ka mea i hopu ia ma mua kekahi meaʻokoʻa) i. Ma hope iho o ia Sergei Efron pakele, e like me ka mea i Ua compromised ana me ka NKVD ma Palika. Marina a me kāna keiki kāne ma muli o kana kane a hiki i ka pau ana o ka hana i ka hana o ka wahine aloha i.

Ka hope makahiki o ke ola ana o Marina I.

ʻO kēia mau hanana pau kona Kawaihae. Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva ua hoano e i ka hopu ia ana o kana kane, a me ke kaikamahine a ma ka 1939, ia shattered i ka haku mele. Ua Ua waiho wale ia me kana keiki George. A me ka pilina me ia, hao nui rapt noonoo, he hui. Loa uuku au no ka mea, o ka mea a pau o kēia i loko o nā makahiki, Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna. Pōkole Kawaihae o nā lā hope makahiki o kona ola 'ōlelo kēia i ka ona e kekahi hanana. August 31, 1941, ma hope o ka evacuated i Yelabuga ma ka pili ana me ka outbreak o ka Apana World War, Tsvetaeva kaawe ia iho ma luna o ke Kama muliwai, i loko o ka hale keʻena, i i ua anao? Aou ia ia me kana keiki. Ua loa i loaʻa i ka halekupapau o Marina Tsvetaeva, hoʻowahāwahā i nā hoʻoikaikaʻana o kona kaikaina Anastasia, i i rehabilitated i ka 1959, a me kana kaikamahine Ariadne (rehabilitated ma 1955). Ma 'Aukake 1941, ma Moscow, i pana e Sergei Efron.

Oia mea he manawa pōkole Kawaihae o Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna.

Value hanaia'na haku mele

Mākou e hoihoi i loko o ka haku mele, Eia naʻe, i ka wa a ke ola i ole kali no iaia. Ua i, e hele pololi, a me ka recitals a me ka hoiliili ole deservedly i ole mahalo ma o kona wā. Currently, nae, Tsvetaeva mea rightfully kekahi o na elele koʻikoʻi loa, o Lūkini poetry o ke kala, Age. Pōkole Kawaihae o Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna a me kona mau poem i komo i loko o ke kula laulā maʻamau. I kēia lā ia mea nui kaulana poem, he nui no ka poe i lilo i kaulana Romance, hoonoho iho la i ka mele. Ano,ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o Rusia akā, i lulumi mai ke nânâ i ke aloha a me ka hoʻomaopopo pono o Marina Tsvetaeva. Pōkole Kawaihae ma English Marina Ivanovna, no kekahi laʻana, i hanaia e na kākau. Ma ka Netherlands, ma Leiden, o ka hale ua aia ma luna o ka pā pōhaku o i i kākau poem Tsvetaeva (kiʻi i hoikeia ma lalo nei).

Mea kūʻiʻo hoihoi mai i ke ola o Tsvetaeva

Personal ola o ka haku mele (oia ka ii i i makemake i ka olelo, i kapa ia ia iho i ka haku mele) mai kona hana,ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawaleʻia. No ia mea, ia mea e pono ke kamailio e pili ana i kekahi mau hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo mea i hāliu aku i kona ola. Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva kakau iho la oia i kona maikai mau hana ua pau i loko o ke aloha, ma ka manawa o ka ikaika mea naʻau inā pilikia ka haumāna.

He nuiʻino novels e noho ana i loko o ka Marina o ke ola, akā, wale ke aloha ua hala ma ka holoʻokoʻa ola o ka haku mele - o Sergei Efron, ka mea i lilo kana kane, a me ka makua kāne o kana mau keiki.

I hoʻolaunaʻia ma ia ua pilialoha, ma ka Crimea i ka 1911. Marina, oiai ka i opuu ae haku mele, noho 'aneʻi ma ka kono o Maximilian Voloshin, me kona pili hoa.

Sergei Efron ma ka Crimea hele mai e hoola ma hope o ka hokii, e like me ke ola ma hope o ka he pepehi anaʻia iā iho o kona makuwahine. Mua i loko o ka makahiki 1912, ma January, ka mea i mareia. I ka Ia manawa, Tsvetaeva ka kaikamahine, Ariadne. Naʻe, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i ka Marina ua nui mahalo e kana kane, 2 makahiki ma hope o ka hanau ana o Ali (i ka ai-i kapaia o ka hale Ariadne) kona plunges ia ilalo kona poo i loko o ka hou puke. A me keia manawa i ka wahine, haku mele a me ka unuhi Sophia Parnok aloha Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna. Pōkole Kawaihae no na keiki, o ka papa, 'aʻole i hōʻike' ia. Painfully ua hoano e Efron kuko o kāna wahine, akā, kala aku. I ka 1916, ma hope o na paio a me nā mōhai aku, Tsvetaeva hope wawahi i me Parnok, a hoi aku la i ka ohana.

Ma hope o ka hoolaulea aku ai me kana kane i ka 1917, Marina i hanau i Irina, a ua lilo ia ia ka poho, no ka Tsvetaeva, ka mea i makemake i ke keiki. Efron komo i loko o ka neʻeʻana o ke keʻokeʻo, kaua me ka Bolsheviks, no laila, haʻalele ma hope o ka kipi, Moscow, a hele aku la i ka hema, kahi ia i komo i loko o ka pale o ka Crimea. He emigrated pono ma hope o Denikin ka poe koa i hope make.

keiki a me nā noho iho Marina Tsvetaeva ma Moscow. Neleʻohana ua, a ua, e kuai aku i na mea e ai ai. Eia naʻe, e hoola i ke kaikaina kaikamahine, ma muli naʻe o nā hoʻoikaikaʻana, ka mea hiki ole ia i ka makuwahine. Ira make i loko o ka malumalu, mai ka pololi, kahi ana i haawi Tsvetaeva, me ka manao ana i ke keiki, eʻai maikaʻiʻaneʻi.

Marina i ka hookaawale ana me kana kane ola i kekahi mau hou novels, akā, ua hoʻoholo ihola i ka 1922, e hele i Sergei Efron wale aku no. i ka wā o ke pio i loko o ka Lepupalika Czech ua pili i kāu wahine, Marina halawai mai me Rodzevich, a kekahi poʻe paʻa moʻolelo manaoio i ka makua kāne maoli o George, i ka lōʻihi-kali keiki, i hānauʻia ma ka makahiki 1925. Akā, kauoha aku ia o Efron. He ua pinepine 'aloʻahia ka Marina Tsvetaeva (Kawaihae, hoihoi' kūʻiʻo mai ke ola o ka a mākou i kūkākūkā), a ua lilo ia hanau i ke keiki, i kana kane. Pela, ka mea, ua hapa 'ia' ua hoola hoi ia i ko lakou mau hewa a ua ikeia ma hope o ke kaikamahine make i loko o ke kia-hoʻokahuli aupuni Moscow.

'O kēia ka haku mele Marina Tsvetaeva. Kawaihae, hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo mai i kona ola, manaolana, ulu nō keʻano o ka makemake o ka mea heluhelu, e hoʻomau mau makamaka, a me keia ao alohilohi i ka Luna o ka poetry o ke kala, Age. Paipai heluhelu i kona poem. Maoli loea hana hana Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna. Pōkole Kawaihae (i ua kapaia ke kala, Age, ka manaolana no) i hanaia ma ka mea hiki paha ke panee i loko o kona hana.