Ke anatomical 'ole o ke kanaka anus

Anus - o ka hapa hope o ka naʻau liʻiliʻi, ma i ke kino Ka Wailele O ka paepae ( 'o ia hoʻi, koena o ka meaʻai neoneo).

Ka 'ole o ke kanaka anus

Anus kaupalena sphincters a i hana nāʻiʻo. Oia Muscle apo i pono i ka pāʻana i ka puka a me ka panina o ka anus. I ke kanaka kino, elua o anorectal sphincter:

• Loko oia hoi o ka hanaʻia naʻe o ka'ōlohelohe Muscle o ka rectum a me ka mea e malama i ka ike paka i. kona lōʻihi mea, mai ka hapalua a hiki i ekolu a me ka hapalua kenimika.
• Mawaho oia hoi o striated Muscle a me ka lāʻau ma ka ike paka i. Kona lōʻihi loli aʻe mai ka elua a hiki i elima a me ka hapalua kenimika.

Ua welau anus loira palena pau, i mea heʻoi hoʻololi squamous mucosa naʻau i ka distal anorectal Canal i loko o ka ili e uhi ana i ka crotch. Ka ili, i loko o ka loira wahi ana ma luna o ka pigmented (a laila he uala eleele waihoʻoluʻu) a wrinkled ma muli o ia i ke alo o ka mea mawaho sphincter.

I wa, ke anus ua ke aupuni 'oi dorsally ma mua i loko o nā mākua, ka hola iwakālua millimeters mai ka coccyx. Ke anawaena o ka anus, mea nō kāu ekolu i eono mau kenimika, a me ka wai lōʻihi papa koa mai ka ekolu a hiki i elima mau kenimika. Ma waho aʻeo ia ka sphincter, i loko o ka rectal panina i hoʻomākaukauʻia ka loaʻa o nā nāʻiʻo e hookiekie ae i ka anus a me na nāʻiʻo o ka pelvic diaphragm.

Ka 'ole o ka anus hiki ke maheleia i ekolu pauku.

1. Mucous ma keia pauku ua hoomakaukau me lonikū pā, ma waena o i i loaʻa lua pao (loira sinuses), kahi o ka lua i ke aupuni 'Anal glands.
2. Area uhi multilayer palahalaha epithelium.
3. hookaawale kēia multilayer lole komoʻuʻuku nona keratinized squamous epithelium, a ua hoomakaukau me ka lehulehu, a me ka sebaceous hou glands a me ka lauoho.

Ke anus a me ka rectum ua ulu circulatory lātike hoʻokahi, e like me na mea he nui nā aʻalolo a hāʻule pahū, hiki ka noonoo e hookaulua i ke kanawai o ke defecation, a me ka pinepine o ka kumu o neurogenic constipation.

I ka 'äina o ka anus

Nā hale e pono pāʻani aku me ka loira Canal, - he rectal ampoule a me ka sigmoid AeXIeAaOIePEAaI. Ke loira Canal o Nyos i loko o ka perineum. Front o ka rectum mea e pili ana i ka seminal vesicles, vas deferens ampoules, ka bladder a me ka prostate gland i loko o nā kānaka. Wahine no hoi i ke aupuni 'o ka mua vagina a me ka uterus. Channel terminates anus. Ma hope o ka mawaho sphincter hoʻohana anococcygeal ligament ua pili i ka coccyx.

Ma ka crotch wahi ma ke kua, a ma ka aoao o ka anus hooponopono hui kaulua ischiorectal lua me he prism shape a piha me ka momoma'aʻaʻa, i ikea ai nä olonä a me nā ipu koko. Ma ka frontal mahele puka i ke kinona o ka triangle mauna. Ke kīloi paʻewa pa o ka lua i hana obturator Muscle a me ka ischial tuberosity (loko ili), medial - a mawaho sphincter Muscle i hoala i ka anus. Ka hope pa o ka lua hana coccygeal Muscle a me kona hope na kaola e hoala ka anus, a me ka alo - transverse perineal nāʻiʻo. Adipose'aʻaʻa, i ua aia i loko o ka lua ischiorectal lua, hanaʻia ai ka hana o ka laholio resilient cushion.

Ka 'ole o ka wahine anus

Ma ka wahine kino ka rectum alo mea e pili ana i ka vagina, a me ka hope, ua kaawale mai ka lahilahi, ahu iho Denovile-Salishcheva. No ka mea, o na mea mall hiʻona o ka anus a me ka rectum i loko o nā wāhine me infectious a me ka neoplastic Luna e hoopuni komo mai kekahi lua a hiki i kekahi, i hiki aku ai i ke kahua o ka rectovaginal fistula like me ka hopena o keʻano o nā palapū a me ruptures o ka perineum i ka nahunahu hanau.

Ka 'ole o ka anus i loko o nā wāhine hiki aku ai i kona helehelena i loko o ke ano o ka hoʻonaʻauao' ana i lalo a iki nei iluna mua. Ka mea, ke kaila keia i ka mea i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka haawi hoʻonānea nāʻiʻo o ka perineum a me na nāʻiʻo e hookiekie ae i ka anus, lilo aku i ko lakou ikaika i ka aelike.

Hiʻona o ka anus i loko o na kanaka

Ka 'ole o ke kane anus mai kekahi oko ao. Men (ka oi aku muscular) anus nana e like me ka funnel. Ka mua pa o ka loira Canal mea e pili ana i ke kukui o ka urethra a me ka apex o ka prostate. Eia hou, i ka mānoanoa o ka maloko sphincter na kanaka ma mua i loko o na wahine.

I ka hana ana o na anus a me ka rectum

Rectum kuleana no ka wehe neoneo waiwai, mai ke kino. Eia hou, ma laila ia lŘlŘ he kinowai omo. Penei, ma ka dewatering a me ka ua e feces hoʻi i loko o ke kino, e huli hou ma kahi o eha nā lika o ka loli no ka lā. Together me ka loli omo hoʻi microelements. Rectal ampoule mea he? Aieeeua no feces, a hiki aku i ka hoʻomāhuahua o hyperinflation liʻiliʻi pā ho okumu i ke aʻalolo impulse, a like no o ke koi aku ia i ka defecation (defecation).

A, ano, ke anus hana. I loko o ka ikaika anakahi uila, kona sphincters ka pāʻana i ke kala o feces (defecation) a me nā kinoea OAAIeOO mai o ka naʻau liʻiliʻi (flatulentsiyu).

pathology anus

• Hikoko.
• Hemorrhoids.
• Hernia.
• Ke Kula Kaiapuni 'mā mucosa (cysts, loira māwae pōhaku o Puna, ulcers).
• Hoʻoʻino keʻano o ka hanaʻana (abscesses, abscess, proctitis, fistulas).
• Congenital moku'āina (loira atresia).

spasm o ka sphincter

I kulike ai me ka 'ole o ka anus e typical hoike ana mai o na pathologies o ka intestinal'āpana. Mawaena o ka loa e like me ka symptoms o spasm o ka sphincter (mawaho a maloko), a mea he eha paha discomfort i loko o ka anus.

Nā kumu o kēiaʻano mea:

• ka noʻonoʻo 'pilikia;
• hooloihi ae i constipation;
• maʻi li nui i loko o ka wahi o na paha mawaho sphincter;
• excessive innervation.

Alaila lōʻihi like hoʻokuʻu akula:

• Hooloihiia spasm wehewehe aku ma ka loa eha e hua ole retract e lawe, he pono ole analgesics.
• Transient spasms - ulia pōkoleʻoi kaʻeha i loko o ka anus, hiki i ka pelvic ami a me tailbone.

Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka pono spasm hiki e:

• iniiaiie (ma muli o ka neurological pilikia);
• haumāna (ma muli o ka pilikia i loko o ka loa gut).

Hoike ana mai o keia symptom mea:

• i ka helehelena o kaʻeha ma muli o ke stress;
• i pau ka moni eha i defecation 'ole hoʻohana' ana i mehana ka wai;
• Huʻiʻeha ua IIeEeAIEUIeXAIIUE ma ka anus, a hāʻawi i ka coccyx, pelvis (perineum) a me ka'ōpū.

ʻike, o pathological keʻano o ka hanaʻana

• Me tomography hiki huai ae polyps a me nā'āno'ē ho okumu.
• A biopsy ua hoʻohana 'ia ka hoʻoholo' ana i ka malignancy o kaʻeho keʻano o ka hanaʻana.
• Anoscopy (rektomanoskopiya) ua hoʻohana 'ia e Loiloi i ka moku'āina o ka anus mucous i pono like no ka lawe ana i ka biopsy mea.
• Anorectal manometry. I kulike ai me ka 'ole o ka anus (e nānā kiʻi, ma luna,) ua lawe maiʻike, i hoʻomākaukauʻia Muscle (sphincter) anus. Ka hapa nui o ka manawa i ka loira nāʻiʻo i maximally hohola i ka pāʻana defecation a me ka flatulentsiey. I kanawalu-kumamalima pakeneka o ka basal leo o ke loira hoʻokō maloko Anal sphincter. I Ina o ka lawa ole nele o ōhumu ma waena o nā nāʻiʻo o ka pelvic palaoa a me ka loira sphincter e hoʻomōhala ana i diskheziya e hoike mai ai ia pilikia o ka defecation a me ka constipation.
• Rectal ninaninau. Kēia iaoia hōʻike i ka hernia, prolapse o ka na naau oʻu, uterus, hemorrhoids, fistulas, māwae pōhaku, a me nā maʻi 'ē aʻe o ka anus a me ka rectum.
• 'Amelika anus. Ma ke kumu o keia ao, ua hiki ke lawe i ke alo o ka hikoko, e hoomaopopo i ko lakou wahi a me ka nui, e huai ae hemorrhoids, a no laila, ma luna o.

Discomfort i loko o ka anorectal māhele 'āina

Ke anatomical 'ole o ka anus mea i kaʻili i loko o kēia wahi mea pakahi aku la ia ikepili koʻikoʻi, a me kona pā i hoʻokoe'-kaʻaeʻana i kou niho, pinepine constipation a diarrhea hiki hale koʻohune, i hiki ka hopena ma ka discomfort, mea ukiuki loa, ka ohane, ala a me kaʻeha.

E emi mau symptoms a me kā lākou Kāohi e e.

• Holoi i ka anus, a me ka ili a puni ia i ka wai me ke kopa (i ka weuweu e hoʻomaloʻo nō i ka ili, a, me ka hopena, e alakai i ke ahiahi, oi aku discomfort). He mea pono, e haawi aku koho i kaʻehu "Kavilon" a me ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka waiʻona noa wipes (e like me ka' Ia pepa nāuki mai i ka ili).
• Ka ili, i loko o ka loira wahi pono e maloʻo.
• He mea pono ia i ke'ākeʻakeʻa mai i ka ona mau anal. No ka laʻana, e waiho ana holika "Dimethicone" hana i ka aiiay Auana ma luna o ka ili a puni o ka anus.
• E ho ohana i ka mea lāʻau lapaʻau me ka pauka, (e laʻa me, talc a cornstarch). Ka mea, e hoopili i ka mālama '-ua holoiʻia, a maloʻo ili.
• Ka hoʻohana a disposable hiloʻia, a me ona mau-Komo 'o ia nā pale poʻohiwi.
• Ka hoʻohana o "breathable" huihui, a kapa mai maoli mea noa e oki ai i ka hua i ka hoʻohāiki 'ana.
• Ma ka hihia o fecal incontinence, i ka wa i kou pono e puku i ka huihui.

lapaʻau

I ka hookohu o ka ua Inc hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ke ano o ka maʻi. A hiki i ka spasm o ka sphincter ma luna o nā mea a pau hoʻopau i nā kumu i kena ia. Eia hou, e ia laxatives, antibacterials, anesthetics a me spasmolytics i loko o ka palapala o ka mea poni / suppositories, e like me physical Inc, uila, palapala noi, lomilomi, anakahi iki enema. Me ka ineffectiveness o ka makeʻe kulana lapaʻau ua lawe maiʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau hana.

Hemorrhoid lapaʻau ua lawe mai ka hoʻohana kūikawā ihoiho a me ka hinu, e like meʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau ki ina hana like. Congenital kāna hana (atresia o ka anus) i ka pono o kokeʻoki kino. Hikoko o na anus malamaia lakou ma ka pu ana o ka pāhawewe a me ka chemotherapy, e like me ka meaʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau ana o ka hikoko. Mawae ma ka anus kahi pono treatable me kūikawā bato,ʻai, ka hoola ana i ihoiho a me holika, e like me surgically. Hernia a rectal prolapse hoʻopauʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau ki ina hana like.