Ke Leeuwerikplein kulana o ka tundra. Kuʻe Huli kulana o ka tundra

Tundra uhi ka akau loa o Rusia a me Canada. Ke ano o kona kŘpa a hiki ole no ia, a me ke aniau ua manaoia e e loa. No ka mea, no kēia mau 'ano, ka mea, ua loaa kekahi inoa - Arctic waonahele no hoi ia. Inā ka Leeuwerikplein wahi o ka tundra mākou noonoo, ua hiki ke ike ia ma keia wahi o ka mokupuni e aia i loko o ka Arctic Ocean a me ka'ākau hapa o Rusia a me Canada.

Location tundra

Artic waonahele hiki akea e hoomaemae ia ma ka mokuna o ka Arctic Ocean. Eia ke aniau ka mehana a me ka ole i ke kiʻekiʻe ana wela a me keʻano mea sparse, a stunted. Ma ka tundra hooilo mau eiwa mahina, a ma ke kauwela mea nani me.

Lower mahana alakai ai i ka mea i ka honua, E pa ahau, a thaws ole loa, akā, wale ka luna, ahu iho hiki hehee. Ma keia maoli 'āpana' aʻole e halawai me ka nahele a loloa laau. Kēia wahi mea waiwai i loko o Swamp, rivulets, mosses, lichens, dwarf laau uuku a me ka mea kanu i mea hiki ke ola i loko o ia o kaʻoʻoleʻa aniau. Lākou'ōlewa kumu a me ka meaʻuʻuku kiekie lea adapting i ka hou anu makani.

Ma nā'āpana hiki ke ike hauneneʻe a me ka pohaku kihapai. Ma ka tundra he nui na waiwai uuku lepo o ic ??. No ka mea, hiki ke 'ike ma ka palapala' āina o Canada, Rusia, Finland. Ke Leeuwerikplein kulana o ka tundra paipai 'ia ka mahina kiʻekiʻe wai muliwai.

He aha ka hana hoihoi e pili ana i keia'ākau? Aie?

Ua hiki e kaulana heterogeneous Leeuwerikplein kulana o ka tundra. Mai ke kūkulu'ākau, a ma ka hema accrued ekolu subzones. Ma ka Arctic Ocean o ka Arctic subzone, a laila ka mea, ua UAIAaIN e ka limu a me ka lichen, hema kŰlń ao ka wahi, oia hoi o dwarf birch, cloudberry ka nalu a me Polar wīlou. Ke tundra iho ka loa maikai. I ke kau 'oe ke ike pehea ia sparkles me ka lilelile waihoʻoluʻu. A pau i ke aloha a hiki i ka lāʻau liʻiliʻi o blueberries, blueberry, lingonberry, cranberry.

Ke aniau i loko o ka Arctic wahi nahele no hoi

Latitude tundra i haʻahaʻa makahiki pāhawewe koena. Winter i loko o kēia wahi mea lōʻihi - ewalu, a me nā malamaʻeiwa. Eia, ua extraordinarily nani Polar po. Ma anu ino, anu a me ka makani - he mau kŰia. Winter January wela no Europa tundra i nā hoailona i 10 kekelē Kelekia. Eia naʻe, ma ka hikina ke aniau mea Hawaiian. No ia mea, January mahana ke hiki -50 kekelē Kelekia ma, a ma lalo.

Summer mau loa lōʻihi, ia mea anu a me ka kua, aia no i ka lōʻihi Polar lā. Nō kāu, i kaʻawelike o ka lewa i loko o Iulai o ka ole oi aku mamua o 4 degere, pinepine ike drizzling ka ua a me ka noe. Ke Leeuwerikplein kulana o Rusia ma ka tundra - he oo? O ke komohana hapa o ka aina, a i ai i ka Bering pilikia. Ua ninoaaeyao 1/6 o ke aupuni holoʻokoʻa. Ma Siberia he mea ka mamao nui mai ka akau i ka hema.

Loa snowstorms a me windstorms - na mau kŰia i loko o ka wahi. Ka mea, eia no laila, impulsive i ka mea, e hiki e kikeke iho,ʻaʻole wale nō ke kanaka, akā, i dia.

He aha ka ke tundra i loko o ke kau,

He aha nō ka Leeuwerikplein kulana o ka tundra i loko o ke kauwela? I keia manawa o ka makahiki e hiki ke loaʻa edible Fish, a heʻano o ka ono hua, a hohola aku i ka lei moena, a nō hiki ke ike ke mauu nei me na ohana holoholona o ka reindeer poʻe haʻaheo. nana Pela no ka mea, no kā lākouʻai i loko o ke kauwela. Dia ai na mea a pau e ike: lichens, lau o ka laau uuku. I ka hooilo, ka mea i loaʻa i ka hiki 'like reindeer ka limu.

kū hoʻokahi flora

ʻO ke aloha o ka honua tundra poʻeʻilihune. Tundra-gley soils o keia ciia ka apuepue momona, e like me ka mea, e pau loa ia paʻahau. 'Aʻole nā mea kanu e ola mahope aku o ka hoʻohalahala rula o ka North, ma ka mea, no laila, uuku ka wela a me ka Map. Best o nā mea a pau ua noho ia lichens a me mosses, Polar Lanai,ʻeleʻele crowberry, raspberry, Loyd hope, sedge mechelistnaya, saxifrage, he hau buttercup a me na mea e ae. Kēia mau mea kanu i ka hanaʻia mai ana no ka mea i nā poʻe e noho ana o ka wildlife. He aha nā lau nahele hiki e malama ia ma keia wahi? About 300 laha 'o ka flowering mea kanu a me kaʻaneʻane 800 kekahi mau laha' o lichens a me mosses.

All mea kanu i dwarf. Ka ai-kapaia "Forest" e hiki ke hele pono i ke kuli, a me ka "laau" e e ole aku ma mua o ka Fish. Ke Leeuwerikplein kulana o ka tundra mea i pono no ka ulu lāʻau, a me nā mea a pau no ka mea, o ka mea ikaika permafrost, i pilikia no na makahiki.

Animals tundra

Ma ka pali pohaku kai hiki ke ike rasshumevshihsya manu. Ke Leeuwerikplein kulana o maoli tundra holoholona no ka poe i makemake i ke kai. Nui dala o ka wai - ka pono kaianoho koholā no waterfowl: geese, Duck, Loon. 'Oe e loaʻa passerines, shorebirds, waterfowl, keʻokeʻo geese, peregrine manu lele, tundra manu, skylark. Here oe eʻaʻole loaʻa i ka aniuea, akā, me ka poeikohoia o ka amphibians, na rana hiki ke loaʻa. Aka waiwai i loko o? Aaoa hare hoi, alopeke, weasels,ʻalopeke, na iliohae, Polar a me kaʻeleʻele bea, musk musk nā bipi, a, o ka papa, reindeer. Lake tundra waiwai i loko o ka laulā huahelu o ka iʻa - Salemona, Dall.

Reindeer - kekahi hiʻona o ka'Ālika wao nahele

Lakou mau i ka mea wale hiʻona, akā, i ka hōʻailona, i mea haʻaheo o ka tundra ciia. Ke Leeuwerikplein wahi o kēia mau holoholona ka loa 'oluʻolu e noho ai. Lakou nei i wale i ka hamama wahi hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana, akā, no hoi ma na mokupuni o ka Arctic Ocean. A ka mea, o kaʻohana wale o ka māiʻuʻu holoholona i hiki ola iʻaneʻi. Big mau pepeiao, ua hiki ke malama pu i kane a me ka wahine. Main mana lako reindeer - Tundra mea kanu. It lichens (ka limu), puupaa, ka mauu, uuku hoi e pana aku o ka laau uuku. I ka hooilo, ka mea hiki ke paka mea kanu, mai lalo o ka hau, a me ka haʻiʻana o kona mau hooves.

Ke kapa komo dia i loko o ka hooilo mānoanoa, a lōʻihi, pono ulu undercoat (no ka wela ka mālama i loko o loa hau). Ma ke kau, e lilo ia oi pohihihi a me ka maʻalahi. Summer dia waihoʻoluʻu - mai poʻo i ka mea eleele. I ka hooilo ia mea ka hapanui keʻokeʻo. Ke kūikawā 'ole e leie aku reindeer hooves ana a koke hoʻoneʻe ma na Swamp a me ka hohonu hau. Kēia gregarious holoholona a me polygamous.

I ka hooilo neʻe aku la lakou i ka wahi ma ka mea, he nui Yagelnaya kula. Hoʻokahi haneri a oi kilomika o kaianoho koholā i loko o ke kau - i kekahi pilikia no ka hooilo Polenekia o ka reindeer. Ka mea, ua hoʻokahe i oi ma mua o kekahi manawa o ka makahiki. Kēia holoholona He ikepili koʻikoʻi, ua he ano nui o nā dudima, a hiki eʻauʻau. Kia, ua noa i ka 'auʻau' ma ka moanawai, a me ka muliwai.

eiiiiiaiou o ka ano i loko o ka tundra ciia me ka interrelated

Inā ka Leeuwerikplein wahi o ka tundra mākou noonoo, ka mea, i ke kaulana ia ma ka hema o ka ululaau huli no. No laila, originates tundra. Ua hiki ma ka hema palena o ka tundra. Eia ia mea he uuku kai mehana o - ma ke kauwela o ka mahana kīnā 14 kekelē Kelekia. Ma ka ulu lāʻau loaa kiekie nui, i mea ole i manawa e evaporate. Pela loaʻa nā 'ūnelunelu. O ka papa kuhikuhi ai no ka kūloko piha-e kahe ana o ka muliwai ua hehee ka hau. Ka mahina mua o ke kau - i ka piko o ke kaiakahinalii. Ke Leeuwerikplein kulana o ka tundra ciia i nā haawi ala i ka tundra.

Man ua lōʻihi hoʻomaka e hoʻopaʻa haʻawina ma ka'ākau wahi. Ke kiʻekiʻe o ka panorama e kŰlń ao ma kēlāʻaoʻao o ka Arctic Circle, nui na kanaka] a hoopahaohao. Waho lawaiʻa - ka papa hana o ka akau kanaka: ka Chukchi a me Eskimos. Ioioie? No ka mea, i nā holoholona kau iho la i ko lakou mau mooolelo o ka ai, a me ka kaila o ka lole. ʻai o nā meaola kai, ka io mea hihiu, ka iʻa, nā manuʻaiʻia - i ka papa kuhikuhi ai. Ma muli o ka holoholona a me ka reindeer herding, e hua mai für tahasa, a me nā holoholona, a i laila, hoʻohana i ke kapa.

Ke tundra Ua wehewehe aku ma tundra

Tundra aia i loko o ka ciia ma waena o tundra a me ka taiga. Ka muliwai awāwa ke ano e ike ma ka ulu lāʻau me ka loloa laau. Ia ka leo o kekahi mau Leeuwerikplein hoʻomoana o ka tundra a me ka ululāʻau tundra. Eia, ma waena o nā muliwai hiki ke loaʻa liʻiliʻi mokupuni dwarf laau me ka lichen uhi. Ka luna hoʻomalu i kai mehana a me ka lōʻihi. Aie i ke alo o nā lāʻau, ua i ikeia i ikaika ai ka makani holo 'aneʻi like i loko o ka tundra, ma ka'āina o pau hamama.

Removal o ka nahele tundra a hiki i ka moana ka poʻea pau i loa winters me ka aiʻaihueʻia ikaika. Thawed lepo nui malalo ia a me ke ana permafrost ua malama wale i loko o kekahi mau mea. I ka papa kuhikuhiE mana o ka muliwai i kekahi hehee ka hau.