Ke rheological waiwai o ke koko - He aha ka mea?

Mechanics, Pilikanaka ka deformation a me ka pele ano o maoli hoʻomaumau, kekahi o na elele o ka a - ole-Newtonian fluids me mall (viscosity), rheology protrudes. Ma kēia 'atikala i ka rheological waiwai o ke koko, ua noʻonoʻo. He aha ia mea, ka mea, e lilo ia i mea akaka.

ka wehewehena

A typical ole-Newtonian loli - koko. Wai koko ka mea, ua kapaʻia, ina ia mea devoid o ka palapala kumu. Koko lāʻau lapaʻau ka wai koko, i nele i fibrinogen.

Hemorheology a rheology, ÿole mechanicalʻimi ana lauana, i maikai like me ka loli fizkolloidnye koko holo waiwai ma kekahi mau māmā holo, a ma kekahi mau pauku o ka moe moku. Kona waiwai, ka iaea ooieoeiiaeuiiai moku'āina o ke koko, i ka contractile hiki ana o ka naau e hoʻoholo i ka neʻeʻana o ke koko i loko o ke kino. A hiki i ka laina māmā holo o ka pele mea liʻiliʻi, e hoʻoneʻe i nā (particles) koko ia laua a hiki i ka iho (axis) o ka moku, a hiki i kekahi i kekahi. Ma keia hihia, ua kapaia ka pona ano o ka pele, a me ka pele laminar. No laila, ka mea i ka rheological waiwai? Ma keia - ma.

He aha ka Reynolds Number?

Ma ka hihia o ka hoʻoulu i ka laina māmā holo, a oi aku i kekahi waiwai, okoa no nā ipu a pau, laminar pele, e lilo i vortex, hokai ana i kapaʻia māpuna. Ke hoʻololi māmā laminar pele i ka māpuna hoʻoholo Reynolds helu no ka moku koko aha ka hola 1160. E like me ia Reynolds nui turbulence hiki e wale i loko o nā wahi a pau nui moku ai manamana ai, e like me ka pono me ia ma ka aorta. No ka mea, he nui na moku laminar loli Pńk'pika.

Ka mämä holo a me ka ako i stress

'Aʻole wale nō i ka leo, a me ka laina koko māmā holo, ua nui, elua me kekahi mau mea kiko'î a emi iho i ka neʻeʻana i ka moku: ka māmā holo, a ako i stress. Wehewehe aku ma ka anakahi uilaʻalo ana manehu o ka vascular ili ka mokuna ma ka tangential ala e hiki aku ai i ka ili, ana i loko o Pascals a me dynes / knm ^2. Ke ako i pākēneka Ua ana i loko o inverse kekona (s-1), a me ka mea, 'o ia hoʻi i ka nui o ka māmā holoʻano piʻina ma waena o nā papa ia laua i ka hele a loli no pa alima ka mamao ma waena o lākou.

Ma ka mea kiko'î mea e kaukaʻi rheological waiwai?

Ka lākiō o ka stress iʻako i ana hoʻoholo i ke koko (viscosity), ana i loko o mPas. Ma ka loli (viscosity) hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ke ako i uku huahelu o 0.1-120 ^mau-1. Inā ka ako i kōmi> 100 ^mau-1, o ka (viscosity) loli mea ole no laila, haʻi, a ma ka hiki i ka ako i uku o ka 200 ^mau-1 mea aneane ua hoʻololiʻia. Ka waiwai ana i ke kiʻekiʻe ako ana, i kapaʻia ka asymptotic. Na ke poʻo kumu aʻe i aloha ia ka (viscosity) - ka halepaahao deformability hehee wale, hematocrit a me ka aggregation. A ua hāʻawiʻia mai ka mea i ulaula koko keena like i platelets a me leukocytes nui hou aku ka meaʻano nui ho oholo i ka ula keena. Kēia i ka lewa i loko o ka rheological waiwai o ke koko.

(viscosity) kumumea

Ka loa nui ololi i maopopo ai i ka (viscosity) - ka buke lehulehu oʻulaʻula koko keena, kā lākou awelika ka leo a me ka maʻiʻo, keia ua kapaia ka hematocrit. He ka hola 0.4-0.5 L / k, a ua nānā 'ia ma centrifugation o ke koko Eia kekahi laʻana. A wai koko - he Newtonian loli, i ka (viscosity) o a hoʻoholo i ka 'ole o nā polokina, a me ka mea hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ana wela. (Viscosity) o ka loa nui globulins kanawai a me ka fibrinogen. Kekahi noiʻi manaʻo i ka nui nui ololi e hiki aku ai i ka loli ma ka wai koko (viscosity) - o ka lākiō o nā polokina: albumin / fibrinogen, albumin / globulin. Mahuahua aggregation ia lŘlŘ ka wā manao e ole-Newtonian hana o ka mea a pau i ke koko, kūpono erythrocyte aggregation. Physiological erythrocyte aggregation mea he reversible kaʻina. A i ia mea - ka rheological waiwai o ke koko.

Education erythrocytes 'Ohi a hilinaʻi nui ma luna o kumumea me mechanical, hemodynamic, electrostatic, wai koko a me na mea e ae. Kēia manawa, eia kekahi mau theories e wehewehe ana i keʻano papa hana o ka erythrocyte aggregation. Best ike i keia la bridging i ka pähola 'ana o keʻano papa hana ana i na alahaka o krupnomolekulyarnyh kumuʻiʻo, fibrinogen, e adsorbed Y-globulins ma luna o ka ili o ka ula koko keena. Ka ikaika o ka aggregation upena - i ka likeʻole ma waena o ke ako i max (ke kumu disaggregation), he ahu iho la ka erythrocytes electrostatic repulsion, i mea negatively i hoopiiia, i ka mana i loko o ka uapo. Keʻano papa hana kuleana no ka fixation o negatively i hoopiiia macromolecules i loko o ka ula koko keena, 'o ia hoʻi, Y-globulin, fibrinogen, mea'ākeʻakeʻa i keia manawa. Mākou nei manao i na nā lātoma hoopili aku i ke aloha, e lūlū aku i nā koa o van der Waals koa, a me ka nawaliwali hydrogen paa.

E kokua i ka Loiloi i ka rheological waiwai o ke koko?

No kekahi kumu, he mea ka aggregation oʻulaʻula koko aeee?

Ho'ākāka o platelet aggregation i hoike depletion, he nele i ka kiʻekiʻe-hakakino nā polokina kokoke i ka erythrocytes, a no ia mea, i ka naoh puʻe 'ōili mai, like me ka ano i ka osmotic puʻe o ka macromolecular pāʻoihana, e alakai ana i ka hoʻohui o ka wehe' (particles). Eia hou kekahi, he mea he kumumanaʻo e hoʻohuiʻia ka aggregation oʻulaʻula koko keena mai erythrocyte kumumea alakai ana i ka ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka zeta Loaʻaʻia, a me ka loli ma ka pūnao a me ka shape o ka ula koko keena.

No ka mea, o ka pilina o ka (viscosity) a me ka erythrocyte aggregation hiki i ka loiloi i ke koko rheology, a oi loa aku hoi i ka neʻeʻana o kona oihana a pau, ua pono e hoʻomaka i ka hulina Ka Ikepili o ka lawelawe aeaiiuo. Kekahi o ka loa, he pono ole, a hana i loaʻa kāu kiʻina hana no ke ana ana aggregation - i ka auhau o ka erythrocyte sedimentation kōmi. Naʻe, ka meaʻike mau mana o ka hoao ana, iki ike, no ka mea, aole ia i lawe i loko o ka nui o ka rheological ano.

ki ina hana like o ke ana

E like me ka haʻawina o ke koko rheological 'ano a me nā kumumea i aloha ia ia, ua hiki manao nei makou, o ka auhau ana o ka rheological waiwai o ke koko e loli ai ka aggregation moku'āina. Kēia manawa, noiʻi e uku hou noonoo ana a hiki i ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i microrheological waiwai o keia loli, akā, no hoi i nalowale i ka pilina a me ka viscometry. XIX. Epekema no ke ana ana i ka waiwai o ke koko hiki ke maheleia i mau pūʻulu: ka stress kahua a me ke kanana nei homogeneous - konusploskost, hoʻopoepoe, paukūʻolokaʻa a me nā rheometers me kekahi mau geometries hana wahi; me ka mahinaʻai ke kanana nei, a aʻo nui kŘpa a inhomogeneous - ma luna o ka loina o ke kakau ana o acoustic, uila, ma paʻi kuekueni, i na mea maalea e hana ma luna o Stokes iaoia, capillary viscometers. Pēlā ia i ana rheological waiwai o ke koko, wai koko a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Elua ano o viscometers

Ka loa he ākea a ianoiyuaa a i mau hoailona ia mea o nā viscometers: rotational a me ka capillary. no hoi Viscometers mea hoʻohana, i ka lilo o ka paukūʻolokaʻa i lana i loko o ka loli, ua ho'āʻo. Mākou i 'Imi komo i loko o nā hoʻololi' ia rotational rheometer.

ka hopena

Ua E hoi e kaulana i ka holomua loa o ka 'ike loea hou rheological pololei mau hiʻohiʻona nō mākou e noiʻi i ka biochemical a me ka biophysical waiwai o ke koko e holo mikroregulyatsiey ma metabolic a me ka hemodynamic kāna hana. Aka hoi, pono i ka manawa o ka ulu ana o kāu kiʻina hana no ke Ka Ikepili o ka hemorheology, a makemake objectively noonoo i ka aggregation a me rheological waiwai o Newtonian fluids.