Lelo - o ka 'epekema e Haʻawina i ka i ana o hua'ōlelo

I ka manawa i loko o ka headline o keia 'atikala, he mau manaʻo. Definition o ka hua'ōlelo hiki wale nō e mau-ala: kēia'ōlelo kŰia, a me ka haʻawina o kona 'epekema.

He aha ka ke nä huaÿölelo Pelekane

Mua, i ka hua'ōlelo - i kekahi lākou o nā hua'ōlelo o ka kekahi 'ōlelo, i ka huina hoonui (i loko o keia hihia kekahi olelo e pili ana i ka thesaurus), ke kanaka. Ma ka hope Ina, e hiki pinepine huli i kekahi methodical kau "hua'ōlelo".

Ka lua, lexicology - o ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o ka hua'ōlelo. Ka mea, e makaikai i mai na eha mai: he hana e kiai ana ia e ike pehea hoʻololi i ka puu dala huahelu o ka kekahi 'ōlelo, a ma luna o ka' ano like 'ole kekahi mau olelo ma kahi kokoke, a pehea kēlā o na hoailona. kekahi mau nīnūnē i kekahi ma laila. Ka mea, hai aku i na olelo i nā mea a pau.

Logology

I ka hua'ōlelo hiki ke aʻo mai nāʻaoʻao. Morphology e manao kona grammaticalʻano, morphemics a me ka olelo ho okumu - kona morphemic 'ole a me ka kükohu. Lelo - o ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o ka olelo e like me ia: kona manaʻo, mōʻaukala a me ka pili a me nā 'ōlelo naehana.

Word (a lexical 'ikamu, hoailona) i loko o ka' ōlelo i ka hana hoihoi, hiki wawe ko a me ka harmonious i loko o kona mau kahua. i kekahi o ia mea i like loa me'ē aʻe i loko o ka manaʻo o, a ua pinepine hoʻohana interchangeably (mea synonymous'ōnaehana), oiai kekahi poe e ku pono ana i ka manaʻo (ia antonyms a me ka pili, like meʻike manaʻo). Kekahi ke coexist i loko o ka hookahi kikokikona, 'ē aʻe i laila contradictory, i kā lākou hana ma ka hookahi kikokikona nana weird paha he kūoʻo. I kekahi manawa, kūpono e hoʻohana i ka pa alima wale, i na mea e ae e hana nei ihola ia unacceptable (mau nīnūnē e lawelawe ma ka kaila). No laila, e like me ka hua'ōlelo o ka 'epekema haʻawina mea i pono kēlā me kēia'ōlelo pākahi, akā, i ka'ōnaehana ia iho, kona kānāwai, kānāwai, rula a me ka Loaʻaʻia.

pauku hua'ōlelo hou

E like me 'oe ke ike, i ka hua'ōlelo - ia mea he' epekema a me ka nui ele o ka hoihoi, no laila, na huina nana aku ma ka hua'ōlelo a me ka puke wehewehe'ōlelo'ōnaehana hoʻokolokolo ai kona kū pauku. Mua o nā mea a pau, i waena o lākou onomasiology (ka 'epekema a "ma ka inoaʻo", a me "waeʻano"), semantics a me semasiology (i loko o ia kaupaona i nā ke ano, cia, kona' ole), phraseology (haʻawina o ka ia inoa'ōlelo kŰia), onomastics (noʻonoʻo i ka ua na inoa ), ka etymology (i ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o ke kumu o nā hua'ōlelo), i ke kaila (o i haiia ae maluna,) a me ka lexicography (hōʻikeʻano e kālele ana ma ka hua'ōlelo hou, i hoʻouluulu puke wehewehe).

Ma kekahi o kēia mau pauku mākou e lawe i ka pilina nana i loko o kēia 'atikala.

phraseology

Vocabulary - o ke ao,ʻaʻole wale i nā'ōlelo, akā, na pu a lakou ikaika ē aʻe. Keia "ke kuʻikahi," He ai indivisible e hana i loko o ka'ōlelo i kokoke ma ka par me nā hua'ōlelo. Na pu i kapaia phraseology.

He pono kama'āina me na, ka 'aoʻao like "mau o ke ano", "i kepa i ka lalo o ka barela", "kui ka hale i kipaku aku" a no laila, ma luna o. D. kēlā me kēia o nā hua'ōlelo i loko o ka haku mele' ana o ia mau ana ua aneane lilo kona mau manaʻo. Me ka ike ole i ka manaʻo o ka phraseological pa alima, ia mea pinepine ole ia "hookaawale ia" mai o nā hua'ōlelo o kona constituent "māhele" (e like me ka mea mea ole loa hoailona, linguists i aku nei au ia mea he "ke keʻena" phraseologism). Oia ka ho okumu ana i pinepine hoʻihoʻi hou haole no ka mea, o ka mea i kā lākou manaʻo - ia mea i ka huina o nā manaʻo o nā hua'ōlelo, akā, e aho, kekahiʻolokaʻa aʻela i loko o ka 'aoʻao o mōʻaukala a me kekahi noʻeau kiʻi. I ka moolelo o ka muli o phraseology - kekahi o ka loa hanohano a me ka pīhoihoi mau mea o ka noiʻi.

Mau paa ana, a me nei hoailona, i kekahi i loko o kokoke pilina me kekahi i kekahi, a me ka lexical naehana. Penei, ina ua olelo e like nä huaÿölelo Pelekane - o ke ao o ka hua'ōlelo a me nā idioms.

etymology

Kona mōʻaukala o kēlā me kēia phraseologism ole wale, akā, kēlā me kēia hōʻailona. Lelo - o ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i nā hua'ōlelo i hiki mai a me ka hala. Etymology E hoomanao i ke kumu o ka 'ōlelo' iniha, kapuaʻi. No ka hoʻomalu ma keia kahua mea nui, o ke kumu keia hui malu pu ana o ka mea kani-hookahi ua (kapa) keia paha ia kŰia. Malia paha i ka olelo i hookahi ia mai i kekahi 'ōlelo? Mai aha? Paha, ma manawa hoailona ai ka nānaina, ka mea, hoomaka ae la e hookani ai,ʻaʻole e like me kona palapala mana, i ka laekahi Media Ua oki, e ike i kona pili ana i ke kumu olelo, oki iho la ia e makaala i ka mea, ua nānā 'ana ma luna o - he luawai-ike kumu. Etymological ano (i ka manaʻo o ka i i ua i loko iho ma ka hoailona ma ka manawa o ka hanana i loko o ka 'ōlelo) He pinepine mea kupaianaha, a hiki hookahe ka malamalama ma ke ano oiaio o ka lexical pa alima; ka mea, ua pinepine ole wale iā mākou manaʻo o ka olelo, akā, no hoi e noonoo i ko lakou heluia, a hiki i ka kŰia a ia designates i.

Kekahi mana o ke kumu o ka hua'ōlelo E e ma muli o ka masterly ike i ka mōʻaukala o ka 'ōlelo. Eia naʻe, i loko o nā makahiki, hoʻowahāwahā i ka hooulu ana o ka linguistics a me ka mōʻaukalaʻikepili, eia na hihia o ākeʻakeʻa kumu ano o ka hanau ana o ka hoailona. Pinepine unprofessional etimologizirovanie lawelawe 'ana ideologues mea paahana e helu "scientific iki iloko" no ko lakou mau pono a me ka mau manaÿo.

Semantics a me semasiology

E like me kekahi hapa o na semantics o ka hua'ōlelo hou - ka 'epekema o ke ano o ka olelo. "Sema" - o kekahi ka palena haʻahaʻa oihana mua o ka manaʻo. Meaning o kela a me keia hoailona - ia o kā lākou mau hanana i hoʻohui pū. He oi loa hoihoi 'e hoohalike i ka' ole o ka manaʻo o nā hua'ōlelo na¯ mai kekahi mau 'ōlelo. Discrepancy ma waena o ka 'ole a me ka haku mele' ana o kēia mau ka palena haʻahaʻa oihana mua o ka la me ka manao ole wale maopopo hōʻike pehea okoa e like ma mua kilohi, he olelo a okoa olelo, akā, e ka mea hoike i ka like o ka mentality o ko lākou mau kanaka ke "invent".

O ka ihu, hoʻowahāwahā i ka "specialization", a pau o kēia mau lālā o ka 'epekema e pili loa ana i kekahi i kekahi, a aʻo, ma ka mea, hoʻokahi kŰia, hoʻomālama ma kona okoa aoao, a me ia mea he huihui' ana o na mea he nui hoʻokokoke maiʻo ia'ōlelo hoʻokahi o ka loa pīhoihoi, a koho wikiwiki loa ulu mau o ka linguistics.