Louis-me Nikolao Davout. Ka wale Ilamuku o Napoleon, i ole lilo i hookahi kaua

Lui Nikola Davu - kekahi o ka maikai pūkaua o ka Napoleonic Wars. He ka wale Ilamuku o Napoleon, i ole lilo i hookahi kaua. E ka lawe i ka pilina nana ma ka Kawaihae, a piʻi like o kēia kaulana koa luna koa.

Kamalii mai, a Education

I ka wā e hiki mai kekahi mau mea i hānau i loko o Burgundy, May 10, 1770 i loko o ke aliʻi ohana. Lui Nikola Ua hoalaia mai i loko o ka oihana kula kamaʻilio Brienne-le-Kākela. He hana hoihoi, e hoailona oukou i ka makahiki mua i komo i ka ia kula, ua puka 'o ia mai He Hoikehonua. I oiaio i ka ohana mooolelo, i ka 1788 Davoust hoomaka i kana hana i loko o ka lio regiment, i mua i mālama ai e like me kona makua kāne a me ka kupunakane.

Ka Palani kipi

Iloko o ka PalaniʻOiʻenehana, e hoʻomaka koa, me ka manao i na manawa elua, au manao e pale aku i ke kulana o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni kanaka. No ka holo i ka poe koa, a waiho aku ai i na poe kokua o na Bourbons, e ikea mai he nui helu o hakahaka pou. La lakou i ka luna opiopio, a ma kekahi mau hihia, o ka mea maʻamau koa i alakaʻi instincts. Louis-me Nikolao Davout i kekahi o na luna i aie i ko lakou ala ana o ke kipi, a me ka lanakila maluna iho o ka Bourbons. Mai 1794 a hiki i 1797 Davoust i loko o ka papa o brigadier loa ua kaua akuʻo ia i loko o ka poʻe kaua o ke koa o ka Rhine. Naʻe, i ka piʻiʻana aʻe i keia Olympus i ka luna o Fame Davoust hoomaka ma lalo o ka hae o ka Hoikehonua.

Aigupita huakaʻi

I ka wā mai ka 1798 a hiki i 1801 me ke ano o Major General Davoust komo i loko o Napoleon ka kanaka o Aigupita huakaʻi. He ua loaa kauoha o ka Palani lio. Ma ke kaua o Aboukir, a ulu aʻe ma June 25, 1799, he opiopio warlord maopopo kilakila. Ma ia lā, 7000th ka Palani kaua luku aku i ka 15 thousandth Turkish koa luna ma ka inoa o Mustafa Pasha. Elua-hapakolu elua o kaʻenemi poʻe hao wale, hina iho la ma ke kahua kaua, a me ke koena, a me Mustafa Pasha, hookuu mai ai ia. A uuku hookoe mau pūʻali, kona luna koa ua Lui Davu, i ka, alahula na makana no keia lanakila. He nui nā moʻolelo i ihola i ka manaʻo i loko o keia kaua, He Hoikehonua noʻonoʻo i ka meʻe o ko makou noho ana, a me ka makaʻuʻole hiki hoi luna koa.

I loko nō o ka mea i ke kanaka o Aigupita huakaʻi i hooleiia me ka piha ole no Farani, ka mea, wehe aʻela ia i kekahi wahi lihi iki o ka hou inoa, i loko o ka wā e hiki mai a me ka paa koa nani o Napoleon. General Lui Davu iloko o keia kaua ua i loko o ka kokoke He Hoikehonua ka entourage, i hooiaio hoʻoneʻe i ka luna o ke aupuni.

i ke ano o ka Ilamuku

Koke ma hope o ke kanaka o Aigupita huakaʻi Dawa ana alakaʻi i ka lio o ka Italia kaua o He Hoikehonua, ka poe i kaua aku ai me ka Austrians. I ka 1804, ka meʻe o ka huakaʻi o Aigupita a me ka Emperor o ka Italia ahakanaka i i hookoia ke ano o ka Ilamuku o Farani a me Napoleon ka kuhikuhi kulana.

Ka mua successes ma ka noho luna ana o ka pūʻali

I ka wā mai ka 1805 a hiki i 1814 alakaiia'ku e Ilamuku Davoust mau pūʻali. I ka 1805, ua hōʻike lākou iā lākou iho i kona hui maikaʻi ma Ulm, ma ka Auguseto ka poʻe kaua luku aku i ka'Aukekulia kaua. Baron av Mack Layberih - Luna Nui o ka Austrians, a me ka 30-tausani koa i puʻe wale akula kēlā, e hoihoi aku i ka enemi, no ka i ka mea, i ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i 20 makahiki ma ka hale paʻahao, ma ka oihana hookolokolo.

Okatoba 9, 1805 papa Davoust ana i kela kapa o ka Danube, hoʻolahalahai ma Gunzburg a me ka aoao o ka wahi. Austrians ka poe i kokua i ke Danube kulanakauhale, i ke emi hope ma hope o kaumaha kaua.

Ilamuku Davout i kekahi o na hana i komo i loko o ka hoouka ma luna o ka poʻe kaua o He Hoikehonua Vienna. Nowemapa 8 ma ke poo o kona kino kokoke i ke kulanakauhale o Mariazell, eo ia i ke kaua e kū'ē i ka'Aukekulia mau pūʻali, alakaʻiʻia General av Meerfeldom. Ma keia kaua ana, o ka Palani e hoʻokele i lawe pio 4000. Ka lanakila i ka wā hanana ma Vienna ka hopena.

Kaua o Austerlitz

December 2, 1805 ma Austerlitz kaua i wahi, hele aku la ia ma ka mōʻaukala me ka "kaua o ka Ekolu i Emperor". Ma ia lā, i ka Palani koa lanakila 'o ia i ka lanakila maluna iho o ka Ally Lūkini-'Aukekulia kaua. Austerlitz ka lanakila i ka hopena no Anati-Faraniʻahahui, a no ka Mea Hemolele Roma aupuni a pau. Manuela II - ka hope Auguseto o ka Roman aupuni a pau, manao me Napoleon maluhia ua pono he Roma Emperor Francis ka mua. pâʻani 'o ia i ka Mokuna'opi o ka manawa hookahi ikaika aupuni a pau nui i kūlana, a me ka Palani luna Davoust.

Ke yen-Auershtedtskoe kaua

I ka 1806, he luna koa Kawaihae Davoust hoʻolakoʻia me ka hou lanakila. Ke yen-Auershtedtskom kaua i wahi ma waena o Napoleon a Prussian poe koa ma luna o 'Okakopa 14, i ka ilāmuku i kekahi o ka mea nui nā mea hana keaka. Ke kaua, ua māheleʻia aʻela i loko o nā kūlana. Ka mea mua i wahi ma Auerstadt, a me ka lua o ka - ma Jena. Mau pūʻali Ilamuku Lui Davu ua eo i loko o ke kahua mua.

Ilamuku Ua haawiia mai ke kauoha o ka'ēheu mua o ka imperial hao wale. Ma lalo o kona noho luna ana, he 26 tausani kanaka a me 44 pu. Davoust i ku ei ka pūhaka hema o ka Prussian koa alakai ma ke Duke o Honolulu, i ka loaʻa o 54 000 koa, a 230 ka pū. Kekahi pilina o ka poe koa lawa e unambiguously Loiloi i ka hiki ana o na aoao elua. Aka hoi, ma ka loa loa kaua Davoust ke ole wale hoʻolilo i ka enemi koa, akā, no hoi e pepehi kona alakaʻi.

Ma ke kaua o Jena, ka Palani kaua o Napoleon kino e hoʻokele. He loa luku aku i ka poʻe kaua luna o ka Prussian Prince Hohenlohe. Naʻe, i loko o keia kaua o ke koena o ka mana ka mea, ua aneane like. I huina, i ke kaua yen-Auershtedtskoy, ka Palani koa nalowale 11 tausani kanaka, 7 o ia i loko o Auershtedtskoe kaua.

aristocratic inoa

No hoi i ka 1806 Louis-me Nikolao ka Davout i hoʻoikaika i ka maka i ka Lūkini hao wale. December 24 o kona kino, a me Napoleon ka poe koa i kela kapa o ka muliwai steepening, a ma ka po, ma lalo o Czarnowo hooukaia mai ka 15000th Lūkini kaua. Ma keia kaua ana, o ka Palani poho no ka hapalua like Lūkini nui.

Ka mea maikaʻi loa ka lanakila ma Auerstadt Davoust hiki ole hele unnoticed, a me Napoleon hoomaikai mau,ʻaʻole wale nō ka mea akā, i ka honorary inoa o Duke Auershtedtskogo. Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo ana He Hoikehonua, i kekahi kanaka maoli o ka hune Corsican-Italian aliʻi ohana, lilo Auguseto o Farani, generously i hoʻonoho ai i nā inoa o kona mau ukali, pela ho'āʻo ana e hana i kekahi hou waiwai i loko o ka moku'āina.

Kaua o Ekmyule

April 22, 1809 Napoleon ka poʻe hao wale koke hou me ka'Aukekulia koa, kona kauoha i waiho ai i ka Archduke Charles. Austrians e hoʻokele i ka lawe ana i na wahi kiekie Ekmyulem ma lalo o ka loa maikaʻi kulana. Napoleon hoouna aku i ka ino i enemi kulana lākou maikaʻi ke kino, a me ke kino o ka Ilamuku Davoust. Wale nō ma hope o ka ikaika kaua, aole nae he ekemuia mahele ma loko o ka melee, ka Palani e hoʻokele i dislodge i ka enemi, mai na wahi kiekie. Ma ka pō, i ka Archduke Charles i kona poe koa i ka Regensburg. Kona poho i loko o ka kaua o Ekmyule ua like i 11 tausani kanaka mai ka 76 thousandth kaua. Ke lanakila ma keia kaua, wehe ae la Napoleon maikaʻi ka manaʻolana 'ia -'Aukekulia koa razchlenilas i loko o nā māhele. Ka pūkaua, ka poe i hookani i kaʻano nui kūlana i loko o keia lanakila, i koloka uku. No laila, Louis-me Nikolao Davout loaa ka dukedom, a no ka mō'ī - Haku lilo Ekmyulskim.

Ke kaua o Wagram

I ka 1809 Davout hou i ka manawa e launa ai i loko o ke kaua me ka Archduke Charles. Kēia manawa i ke kaua i kaua ma Wagram. I ka po mua o ka kaua, Napoleon ka poe kaua ma ka mokupuni o Lobau kela aoao i ka affluent o ke Danube. Ke'Aukekulia kaua, ua oi aku mamua o na haneri tausani poʻe kaua a me 452 pu, hele aku la ia i Vahram a me entrenched ma laila. I ke ahiahi o Iulai 5 o ka Emperor kauoha i kona poe koa a Italy, i hoʻokāʻoi aʻe ana i ke Sakona mau pūʻali, e hoouka aku i ka enemi. Manawa i ka hewa Italians nana i ka Sākona no ka enemi, no ka mea, ua i e hōʻoki aku.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE hanana i wahi i ka mea i kēia lā, i ka wa Napoleon ana aʻei kona poe koa, a loaa he laulā superiority ma luna o kaʻenemi i loko o ka hou ano o ke kaua. Davout a Oudinot e hana pu aku i ka eheu hema o kaʻenemi kulana. Na Austrians hooukaia mai massively, mai kēiaʻaoʻao o ka Farani, akā, me ko lakou pomaikai nui ua i lawe mai. A nae, ma lalo o ka hae o kaʻenemi ka oaio, a me ka haʻalele pūhaka o ka Palani koa i e haalele i ka lakou hee ana. Hoʻouna poʻe hao wale i ka kikowaena hapa o ke kilo i loko o ka palapala o ka Italia mau pūʻali MacDonald, me ka huki hoʻi i ka mea kaua, o ka Emperor ua hiki ke hoola i ke kulana. Ikaika kaua ke ahi i papani ai hoi i ka hae o ka Austrians. Louis-me Nikolao Davout manawa i ole kilo, a, kuikui no i ka pūhaka hema o kaʻenemi ka poʻe kaua, i ka maikaʻi o ia. Ilamuku e hoʻokele e komo i loko o ka hope o ka'Aukekulia koa, a dismember ia e pili ana i Vesedele. Ei? I kona colleague Vahram Uda lanakila. Ma ke kaua 11-hora, ma kahi o 50 tausani kanaka Carl nalowale. E like me ka hopena, oia i haʻakoi e auhee aku i Moravia.

Ka lanakila o Wagram Palani lilo Ua pipiʻi. Mua, Napoleon ka poe koa nalowale 32.000 koa. Ka lua, ma hope o ka kaua o Pelekāne a me ka Russian aupuni a komo aku la e ku e ia Napoleonic Palani i loko o ke kaua.

Hike i Rusia

i ole hooweliweli hookupaaia ku e ia ia French Emperor heʻahahui oʻEulopa mō'ī. I ka 1812, ua haʻalele Rusia wale - allies kahiko o Anati-Napoleonic kaua, Austria, a Prussia, i puʻe wale e lilo allies o ka Palani aupuni a pau.

July 12, Napoleon ka poe koa i kela kapa o ka Neman River, kaua akula i ka Russian aupuni a pau. Mua poi pu paʻewa ua Lūkini na puali ona, e holo, e pale aku i ke kaua. E haawi ana i ke kaua wale nō, ka mea, uaʻaneʻane e lako pono i ko lakou piha pio.

Ua hoounaia mai i ke kokua ana i ka poe kaua o Jerome Hoikehonua, ka poe i hahai aku la i ka lua o ka Lūkini Western Army General Bagration mau pūʻali o ka Ilamuku Davoust, emi mai Vaukavysk ma ka hema-hikina. Akamaiʻoihana kaʻa luna o ka poʻe hao wale Lūkini haalele iho mai ma lalo o ka waʻa puupuu o kaʻenemi, kūpono ma nā ka French Ilamuku i lālau mai. A lohe o Bagration ka poe koa i hoomaka ai e kela kapa o ka Niemen, ka Palani pūkaua i kekahi ho'āʻo pomaikai ole oe, e lawe iā ia i loko o ke kaiapuni. Kona ike mua ana i kaʻenemi ka mea kuka, General Bagration huli i Minsk.

Ma collided Mogilev Davout me ka hahai aku kaua, i hele mai i ke kūlanakauhale ma mua o kaʻenemi. Ua oki ia ka lua o ka Russian Western Army kekahi manawa hou aku, mai ka mua Western Army o General Barclay de Ka Tolly, emi akau. Ma keia kulana, aole he mea i koe Bagration, akā, e hookaulua i ka hou mua o kaʻenemi. E ka mea,ʻo ia Komikina'Āina mau pūʻali o General Rajewski.

Ke avant-garde o ke kaʻa Dawa halawai mai me shelves kokoke i ke kulanakauhale Saltanovka Rajewski. Ma ke kaua o Saltanovka Russian e hoʻokele e nakii i ka pono kīvila o ka Farani, a hou mai la Bagration ka poe koa, mai ka puupuu o ka imperial Army. Kēia manawa ka mea, hoouna mai la ia Smolensk.

Near Smolensk 1st a 2nd Western puali hui Russian. August 4 hoomaka ae la ke kaua o Smolensk (kaua la 1812), i ka i komo, a Davout. , Ua hiki ke maopopo ia ia iho i loko o ke kaua o Valutina Mountain kekahi o kona papa, alakaʻiʻia Gudin, i hao i ka poe o Major-General Tuchkov-kolu. I ka la mahope Ua seriously eha, a hoopio iho la ia.

Iloko o ke kaua o Borodino, i kulike ai me na i ka manaʻo o ka Auguseto, Davout ua ku pono ana ma ka waena konu o ka poe koa. Ka Center ua kuleana no ka brunt o Napoleon ka poe koa. He ua i ka Haku i ka Lūkini kahua pakaua, i i komo i loko o koa mōʻaukala me Bagration flushes.

E like me ke kauoha, i hoʻomaka 'Napoleon, ma mua o ka nui kaua, na koa o kona aupuni a pau lole i piha maleʻaʻahu. August 26, 1812, a me ka lā ma ia wanaao, hoomaka ae la ka ikaika kaua hoouka mai nāʻaoʻaoʻelua. Around 6:00 am i ka 'ōlelo Palani a hemo ka papakaukau ino flushes. Mau māhele o Davoust i pahuna ma ka hema mohala. Ma naʻe o ka laulā superiority o ka Farani, Russian nō e hoʻokele i repel i ka hoouka.

By 7 am Davout i haawi ia ia iho i, a laila, i ka hoouka. Kēia manawaʻo ia e hoʻokele e hoʻopio i ka hema mohala. Naʻe, i ka'Elau malama ana o kekahi mau infantry battalions, a Bagration i hoouna aku ai i ka mohala, 'ae' e kikeke i ka Palani mai o ka pakaua. A laila, Napoleon hoouna aku ai i ke kokua ana o ka lio o Murat, Davout, Ney ka pūʻali a me nā poʻe hao wale. Ka Palani wawahi i loko o ka pono a me ka haʻalele mohala, akā, nunui Lūkini loan-hoouka hou kikeke ana ia mai. Ho'āhewa wale ma Bagration flushes i ka lā ma hope o kekahi ma hope o kekahi ...

Iloko o ka hee ana o ka Luna Nui Army o Napoleon Louis-me Nikolao ka Davout laila, kāmoe loa kona rearguard, i mau i ke pale aku i ka Cossack Ataman Platov , a General Miloradovich ikaika. October 22 ma Vyazma Lūkini enemi rearguard wahi i ke alanui a hiki i ke Komohana. I loko nō o ka mea i ka poe kaua o Davoust loaa kilo ana, Russian wawahi iho la ia ia. Ma ia lā, Napoleon ka poe koa nalowale ma kahi o 8000 koa. Ma hope iho o ka make ma Vyazma Auguseto auou caiaiai i ka "Iron Ilamuku" (pēlā-kapa'āina Davoust) i luna o ka poe kaua ma ka hope Ilamuku o Nehemia.

Kekahi nui lilo o Russian Army mau pūʻali Davout i ae mai i loko o ke kaua kokoke i ke kulanakauhale o Red, i i paʻa mai ka 3 a hiki i 6 November. Emi mai Smolensk, ka Palani makemake ai e uhai aku mai Lūkini lakou ma ka hoomaau, a OAAIeOO i ka muliwai Berezina. Ma hope o keia kaua, i ke kino o ka Ilamuku Davoust ma laila ole hoʻopaʻa pepa paʻi kiʻi.

I ka make ana o France

Davoust i ole iwaena o na mea a Napoleon, oe i haawi mai i ka Allies iā Paris. I ka 1813 a me ka 1814 hakaka ae la laua ma ka akau o Hawaii, Hamburg e paku ana i ka pua ana o ka Lūkini, a Prussian kaua. I loko nō o ka mea i ka pua ana i wahi me ka hao wale mai ino a me bombings, Hamburg ka pā kaua nō hookuu mai ai ia i ka Allies.

A lohe o Napoleon Palani, waiho wale aku i kekahi koa a me ka pili aupuni pio, Louis-me Nikolao ka Davout, kona Kawaihae Ua mau, ua pili me Napoleon, a noho hoomau pono ia ia. A hiki i kona ua i loko o ke pioʻana ma luna o ka mokupuni o Elba, Davout i ole e haawi i ko lakou mau manao. A lohe o Napoleon pae ma ka hema o ke aupuni, hoomaka ae la e hele lanakila hele iā Paris, Lui Davu hui ia. Iloko o ka "haneri lā", hoomaha iho la oia i ke kia o Kuhina o Kaua ma Farani.

Ka wā o nā Bourbons hoi mai la i ka mana, Davoust ua loa kaulana i loko o ke aupuni, a oi loa aku hoi i ka poe koa. He, e like me ka koena o na mea a Napoleon, lilo i kona mau kaua a pau, a me ke kuleana, akā,ʻaʻole no ka lōʻihi - i ka 1817, i mea e pale aku ae hookaawale i loko o ka hui, hoi aku la oia a pau i ka inoa kahiko a me na lalani. Mau makahiki ma hope, Davoust e hoʻokele i wale ana i kii ai i ka mana, akā, no hoi e lilo i nā hoa o Farani.

June 1, 1823 Louis-Nikolao Davout make o pulmonary tuberculosis ma Palika.