Mea kākau a me kaʻImi Loa Heinrich Harrer: Kawaihae, hana, ka maikai buke, a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Kona ola a me kona nui na buke ana kūpono, mai ke kuanaʻike o ka wale nô o ka Nazi paha, e ka hopena ma luna o ka maka pua mana o kona mau kekahi kime pāʻani a me nā piʻi like. Heinrich Harrer mau manaʻo mai i kona noho ana i loko o ka ideological, a koa fascist hui me he involuntary, a aole i hiki maopopo ike, eia nae, ua ho'āʻo mai i ka hōʻike ia. Inā 'oe e ole paʻa nui keia i pili wale Harrer, ua hiki wale kahaha ma ka tenacity a me ke koa o kēia mountaineer kaulana a me ka hele.

i kakahiaka nui makahiki

He Ua hanau ia ma ka makahiki 1912 ma ka liʻiliʻi'Aukekulia kūlanakauhale Obergossene, ma ka ohana o ka-Holland hana Yozefa Harrera a me kana wahine Johanna. I ka makahiki 1927, haehae ae la lakou i Graz, kahi Heinrich Harrer puka 'o ia mai ke kula kiʻekiʻe, a komo aku la i ke Kulanui o Karl Manuela. Mai ka makahiki 1933 a hiki i 1938, ua aʻo hana kemika a physical ka hoʻonaʻauao ma ka ia manawa 'Imi komo i loko o mountaineering a me ka iaoeo e.

He ua he moho e komo i loko o ka Winter nâ Pâʻani 'Olumepika 1936, mālama' ia ma Germany. Akā, Austria 'auʻa laulā' ia no ka chargeability kumu i loko o Alpine iaoeo e i ka 'Oihana i'ākeʻakeʻa ia mai nā kumu' Olumepika. I ka 1937, Heinrich Harrer lanakila i ka ihona pali Competition, komo pū i loko o ka polokalamu o ka World Student Olumepika, akā, ua lilo i ke kuko ino oiaio no ka pii mea.

North Recycle o ka Eiger

Ma ka pau ana o ke kulanui papa no Harrer i kekahi mau mauna i ka lani kiekie loa waeʻano o ka manaʻo pohihihi e piʻi. I ka 1938, pu me kona hoa, a, e like Fritz Kasparek, Heinrich Harrer hele i ka naʻi aupuni o ke kaʻao "Wall o Holo Malie" - o ka maka nunui māpala pyramid kiʻekiʻe akau o 3970 mika, a hanau mai la ia i ka inoa o ka Eiger i loko o ka Hawaiian Alpino.

Kēia pā pōhaku noho unclimbed no ka lōʻihi manawa, eia nae ho'āʻo lehulehu i koi ōlaʻi i o ola. ? Ooia ua loaʻa ma ka Eiger akau maka, huikau 'ā ina' ole o ka luna aniau a me ka 'ia i loko o ka wahi. Ili o Keʻei o avalanches lehulehu, aneane loa uhi me ka hau, a mai ka awelika hene o 75 degere, a ma kekahi mau wahi, a me ka io pāʻewaʻewa.

Ke alapine (frequency) kiʻekiʻe o nā rockfalls a me avalanches, hoʻomaka koke hoʻololi auanei i ka piʻiʻana ma ka'ākau alo o ka Eiger make. E like me ka hopena, na Aupuni kauoha aku paa hou mai la ka hene no climbers a me ka mauna kānaka hoʻopakele hoole i ka hoopakele i ka poe i hele mai ma luna o lākou iho ma luna o kēia ala.

July 24, 1938

Ua ma luna o ka paia o ka Austrians Kasparek a Harrer i loko o ka pūʻolo me elua German climbers - Anderle Hekmayerom a me Ludwig Vorgom mea i oi ike loea lako a pan no ka hooholo ana o ka hau ili honua. Ke ami ho'āʻo e piʻi i ka pomaikai, mamua kekahi ka hoʻohuikau 'ia ke hoolaia wale lapaʻau, a noho i loko o ka avalanche, mai a hoola i ka wale ike loea ipu, ke ahonui a me ka manaopaa. Heinrich Harrer, kona puke pele hōʻike kona likeʻole kāna huakaʻi i, hai aku la i hope e pili ana i kēia hanana i loko o ka Documentary puke "Ka White punawelewele" (1959).

I ka pomaikai o ka'Aukekulia-German pae o climbers i mai ai e ekolu mahina ma hope o ka hoʻohui'āina o Austria ma Nazi Kelemānia, Nazi propaganda i ka hōʻailona o ka hala oleʻano pākīkē kulekele o ke fascism. Harrer pu me nā Eiger lanakila loaa mahaloia he lehulehu a me ka hoʻolilo 'ia', e like me ka hoolohe ana me Hitler a me Nazi alakaʻi'ē aʻe.

Huakaʻi i ka Himalayas

Piʻi akula nō hoʻi pili i ka haʻuki, a ma Nazi Germany, Ua haawiia mai kūikawā noonoo. I ka naʻi o hou vertices, a hele unexplored? Ooia Hitler ka propaganda i ike ai i ka symbolic manaʻo nui o ka hiki ana mai honua domination o ka Aryan Nation. Me keia ganging Hitler hoʻohihi maoli me ka mystical aʻo o Shambhala - ka kaʻao aina i noho ia e supermen, ai ka ike ana e invincible a me ka pāhemahemaʻole.

Wahi a ke kaʻao, ua hoailona Ua aia i waena o ka Himalayan kuahiwi, paha ma Tibet - pohihihi aina, a e hoʻokele no ka heluhelu ma ka malihini, a me ka pili ana i ua ole kūlike loa 'ike mai ka o ka poʻeʻEulopa. Nolaila, ike o kekahi mau huakaʻi kaua, o Kelemānia climbers i hoʻonohonoho 'ia e makaikai i ka wahi. Ua ua i hōʻikeʻia mai ka manaʻo ua huli o ka mythical Shambhala Himalaya huakaʻi i ka 1939, he hapa o ka i i komo Harrer, akā, i ka pili ana ia pinepine e olelo aku nei i ka noiʻi, malia ma ka mea i ka hele kaulana, huna loa i kona Nazi i hala.

ʻimi loa i ka lewa ala ma Nanga Parbat

Ka lōʻihi ka heleʻana, a culminated i loko o ka buke kaulana loa o ka poe i kakau iho Heinrich Harrer - "i nā makahikiʻehiku ma Tibet", Ua pahuna ma ka hoomakaukau ana no ka naʻi aupuni o kekahi o ka Himalayan kuahiwi - he kaua o Nanga Parbat, i ua aia i loko o ka Koro o ka Himalayas, ma ka mea i laila Beritania panalaau ia - India.

Ma hope o kekahi hou aku i ka luna kaua kolu ma ka helu o ka casualties ka poe i imi i ka lanakila ia, ka Kelemānia climbers i ka luna o ka haule ana o ka 1939, he ma Karachi, e kali ana no ka moku, e hoʻi i 'Eulopa' i, ua loaʻa. Ka moku i e kali ana. A ma hope koke iho o ka September 1 - ka lā o ka hoomaka ana o ke Kaua Honua II, a ma hope o ke komo i loko o kona UK - September 3 - ka mea, e noho ana ma kaʻenemi ?? eoi? A i hopu.

holomua pakele

Hoao e pakele - hookahi ma ka pūʻulu, a - hana mikiʻala'Aukekulia ua i mai ka hoʻomaka o kona hoʻopaʻahao. Ma hope o kā lākou hui ua i loko o ka internment hoʻomoana, Aia i loko o ka? Uyie aa? O ka Himalayas, no ka Harrer lilo maopopo pakele ala - ma ka mauna, ala o Tibet. Ana ma ka mauna aina o ko ke ao nei, a hiki no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa 'âlapa -ʻaʻole he oluolu hana e pono mea e hoʻomākaukau ai, no laila, holomua ua e Harrer ia mea i ka mua ho'āʻo.

Aaeei i loko o kahi e hoʻomoana ai, ma kahi āna i kauoha mai ai i ka makaainana Englishmenʻae nō hoʻi loa okoa mai ia mau kauoha i na kēia kanaka Kelemānia i ka pio o ke kaua ma ka hikina mai Front. Nolaila, Harrer a me kona mau hoa i ka manawa pono e hoomakaukau loa i kona pakele. Akā, hiki laila, a hiki i ka mokuna o Inia, a Tibet mākou i ole ma nā mea a pau - he nui makemake e hele hoʻi a hiki i kahi i hoʻomoana ai. Ma Lhasa - Tibet ka kapikala - pu me Harrer Peter Aufschnaiter, a ua pinepineʻia ai i loko o ka ua wale moʻolelo pono'ī nova iho, i i kākauʻia e Heinrich Harrer.

"7 makahiki ma Tibet"

Books i'Aukekulia hele kaulana, inā loaʻa he wahi lihi iki o ka 'ike e pili ana i ka aina, kahi a komo i ka haole i papaia ma ke kānāwai. Aia i ka olelo wanana a o kekahi o ka poe magoi, e like me a Tibet lilo kona kuokoa ma hope ka mea, ma laila nō e nā kānaka'ē. Nolaila, initially Harrer a me kona mau hoa i manao ai i ka manaʻoe hōʻeha o nā mea a pau i ka Tibetans - a me na mea kahu a me ka maikai ke kula.

Ua Ua loli ma na aoao he aie i nā hoʻololi i loko o lākou iho i ka papa kuhikuhiE huapalapala - apuepue ordeal ma luna o nā'ūlili kiʻekiʻe, ka halawai ana me ka hana aoao o ke ola o Tibetans, familiarity a me ko lakou hoomana ana i ka hoole wale aku i kekahi mea ola, ua haʻalele i kumumea i loko o ka naʻau o ke kanaka, a hiki wale i hookaawale mua ka arrogant Nazi i ka manaʻo nui.

ʻumikumamāhā Dalai Lama

Tenzin Gyatso - keʻano ola o ka Buddha, ka uhane alihi kaua o Tibet, he inquisitive keiki ka mea makemake e aʻo hou aku e pili ana i ke ao nei, ke aupuni 'na tausani o ka mile, mai kona'āina - kekahi meʻe o ka puke. Heinrich Harrer a me ka Dalai Lama, ho'āponoʻike i ka 1940, kākoʻo i ka hoʻokomo 'ia' Harrer a o kona make ana i ka makahiki 2006, ka lawe 'ana i ka ikaika ae ole ma kekahi i kekahi. Ua mea, mai ka'Aukekulia, mua ma ka 26 makahiki, i ka Dalai Lama i aʻo i ka puu e pili ana iʻEulopa mooolelo, iao? Iiaie oaoieei e piʻi like o ka modernity.

Kēia i alakai i ka hoopiiia o Kipeka Buddhists mai ka Pākē Aupuni, painfully pili ana i ka ninau o Tibet kuokoa, ana me ka Nazis. Ma ka kekahi lima, i ka mana nui o ka Dalai Lama ma ka honua kālai'āina, a, ma naʻe o ka hoʻokô 'ana o ka mea kahiko haipule olelo, o ke kanaka inseparable mai ke kālā no noho maikai ana, i originates ma keia launa pu ana o ka poe (oi loa e hoopono ana ma ke kūkulu i ka 1994) i elua kanaka, kila maoli hoa.

Ma ke kumu o kēia mau hanana, a hana i kona bestseller Heinrich Harrer. "I nā makahikiʻehiku ma Tibet" a me ka pana-puke ma luna o kona ho film me Brad,ʻoiai i loko o ke kūlana kēpau - i kona inoa kaulana ma ka honua. 'Oiai, ma hope o kona hoi ana i kona'āina i ka makahiki 1950,ʻo ia i kekahi wahi lihi iki o ka piʻi akula nō hoʻi, a me ka Geographic huakaʻi, komo i loko o ka nohona nohona hana, oia ua paʻiʻia aku ma mua o 20 puke. Harrer ua pinepine mai la oia ia ia i nā 'aoʻao brightest o kona ola ana, i mai Tibet ka wa pau ole i moe i loko o kona naʻau.