'O nā pōpō o nā lāhui o ke ao nei. Ke kā'ili'ana o nā pāku'i o ke ao (photo)

Ma hope paha, he mea pa'akikī kēia e hālāwai aku me kekahi kanaka i makemake'ole e komo i nā pāpiki o nā lāhui o ke ao nei. No ke aha? 'O ka'ōlelo ma'amau, he nui nā kumu no kēia.

O ka papa, mua o nā mea a pau aʻu i makemake makemake e kuapo i ka singularity a me ka originality o kēia 'ano o ka liʻiliʻi. Akā, ma ke'ano o ka mo'omeheu, pa'akikī kona kuleana ma ke'ano he nui loa. E hō'oia, hiki i ka hō'ili'ili'ana o nā papeti a nā lāhui o ke ao nei e'ike i nā haumāna, a me nā mākua, me nā loina, nā ku'una a me nā mana'o o nā māka'i o nā kihi like'ole o ka honua. Malia paha,'o ia wale nō ka mea huna o ke kaulana? E ho'ā'o e ho'ohui pū.

He aha ia -'o ka hō'ili'ili nui loa o nā pupeti o ke ao?

Loa'a nā pila ma kekahi'ano a i'ole kekahi ma ke ola o kēlā me kēia kanaka. 'Oia'i'o, he hana pinepine kēia i ka wā kamali'i, a ma nā kaikamāhine. 'O kekahi'ao'ao a i'ole kekahi,'a'ole'oe e hālāwai me kēia kanaka i hiki'ole ke hā'awi i ka ho'ohālikelike a i'ole ka li'ili'i o kēia mana'o.

'A'ole kekahi o nā mākua i hui pū me lākou, no ka mea, no mākou,'ike'oe, hiki i kahi pāku'i ke hana i nā'oihana i ka manawa ho'okahi. Eia kekahi la'ana, e hana ma ke'ano he'ōpiopio, he talisman, he kōkua i loko o ka hale a i'ole he kope kupaianaha o ka hō'ili'ili'ana i ka'ohi'ohi.

I kēia mau lā, ua lilo nā mea huli i ka mea me nā mea ho'okani. Makemake lākou i nā pulu li'ili'i i nā'a'ahu o nā lāhui o ke ao nei, ke hahai nei lākou i nā hua'ōlelo hou o nā'ōhumu hou, a mālama pono i kā lākou mau hi'ohi'ona i loa'a.

'A'ole ia he mea huna e hiki i ka luna lawe kālā ke'ae iā ia iho e ho'olilo i nā kālā waiwai nui no ka loa'a hou'ana o nā mea hou. Loa'a ia mau hō'ili'ili o nā pāpani i hiki ke'ike nui'ia he kūlana'oia'i'o maoli nō a me ka mo'omeheu.

'O nā loea kaulana loa ma Moscow,'o ia ho'i'o E. Loseva a'o N. Bartram. 'O kā lākou mau pu'upu'u ma'amau i nā'a'ahu o nā lāhui o ke ao nei ua lilo i kumu no ka ho'okumu'ia o ka Hale Hō'ike'ike'o Moscow. He kaulana loa nō ho'i ka hō'ili'ili'ana "Vakhtanov", a me nā ki'i'oihana hou.

Eia hou, ua kaulana ka po'e loea i ka mahalo kaulana iā Barbie,'o ia ka mea i lilo i ka mega kaulana i nā makahiki 1990. 'O ka'ohi nui loa o nā kaikamāhine ko'iko'i me nā lauoho lauoho,'o Leonid Celluloid Boy.

Pono e ho'omaopopo'ia'o ka hō'ili'ili'ana o Barbie ma Germany, nona na B. Dorfman, i kēia mau lā he 6025 mau ki'i, 4000 i hō'ili'ili'ia e I. Ribel i Holland, akā ma Great Britain'o ka hō'ili'ili nui loa'o T. Matia.

Ma waho a'e o nā hō'ailona o kēia manawa, hō'ili'ili nā mea hō'ili'ili i nā'ano'ē a'e. No ka laʻana, ka mea ona a me ka mea nāna i hana i ka mea nui loa i hoiliili ole o ka porcelain dolls, surprisingly like i ka luawai-ike kanaka, o ka artist A. Powell. 'O T. Finnanger mai Norway i kaulana i ka hana'ana i ke ala. Ua ki'i'ia nā mea nui i hana'ia ma nā ao holo'oko'a i kā lākou mea ho'olālā D. Horvath a me S. Kim.

Pehea a i ka manawa i puka ai nā mea pā'ani mua o ia'ano papahana

He mau lō'ihi lō'ihi a lō'ihi ho'i ka waiwai o nā pana o nā lāhui'ē. E like me kou'ike, ua hā'awi nā po'e kahiko i kā lākou mau keiki e pā'ani,'a'ole na'e i nā pi'i ma ke'ano hou o ka hua'ōlelo, akā i nā'ano'ili'ili a me nā'āpana lā'au. Akā,'o nā keiki a Peresia a me nā'ohana'o'Isina, ua loa'a mua lākou i nā hakakā maoli, nā kupua a me nā kupua i hana i ka lā'au a me ka lole me nā maka.

Eia hou, mai poina i ka wā kahiko, kekahi mau pi'i nui o nā lāhui o ke ao, kahi i loa'a ai nā ki'i i nā puke li'ili'i a pau, he wahi nui ia o nā'oihana ho'omana, a ua kapu loa e pā'ani me lākou.

Ua loa'a nā pāpani mua o nā keiki ma'Aigupita. 'O ko lākou mau makahiki he 4,500 mau makahiki. Ua ho'onani'ia me nā pāpale, me ka lauoho maoli a me ka ne'e'ana i nā lima a me nā wāwae.

I ka wa kahiko Greece a me ka Roma, ka mea, ua nui loa mahalo i waena o nā keiki kāne a puni pepehi i ka liʻiliʻi i loko o ka palapala o ka Trojan lio me na kii o ka poe koa o loko. Ho'okumu'ia nā mea i ka lepo a me ke kele a me ka'ōni'oni'o.

I ka wā kahiko ua ho'omaka'ia kēia mau huahelu mai nā mea waiwai, a'o kekahi o lākou ka mea'oi loa i'oi aku ka waiwai nui i hana'ia i niho'elepani.

Ho'opili pinepine'ia nā puppets o nā kānaka o Rusia me nā mea i hana'ia me nā lole a me nā'ōpala.

'O ka pākani puppet ma nā alanui o ke kūlanakauhale

'O kēia'ano hanana'ano like'ole, no loko mai ia o ka hana akua ki'i e ho'omana ai i nā akua. I ka wā mua, aia'o ia ma ke'ano o nā mīkini pili li'ili'i me nā'ōlelo ho'onāukiuki i nā po'e ki'eki'e loa o'Aigupita ma ka makahiki 16. BC. E., A ma Roma kahiko - i ka makahiki II. BC. E.

Ma kahi li'ili'i ma hope aku, e ho'omaka ana i ka makahiki 11. N. Ma'Eulopa, i loko o nā hale Katolika, ua ho'omaka nā'ekalesia me ka mana'o kūikawā e ho'onohonoho i ka hō'ike ho'olaha'ana me ka mea nui ma ke'ano o ka Virgin Mary. 'O ka'oia'i'o, pono e ho'omaopopo'ia ua lilo kēia mau mea i mea hō'ole nui mai nā luna o ka'āina a ua pa'a loa i ka pāpā.

I ka hopena o ka makahiki XVI. Ma nā wahi ākea a me nā mea hana ki'i, he ki'i o ka pupule, kolohe, akā wiwo'ole, ma'alahi, na'aupō, a ma'a i ka pila a me ka pipi i kapa'ia'o Pulcinella.

Ma'Enelani, ma ke ala, ua lilo kēia kanaka i pana a me ka mea kaua Patch, e hakakā mau me kāna wahine. I Palani,'o ke kanaka punahele'o ia ke kua i hope a me kahi kino'o Polishinel, ka mea'ike'ole i ka hūnā i nā mea huna. I Kelemānia -'o Casperl me ka'olu'olu haunaele. I ka Czech Republic,'o ka mea punahele he kanaka maika'i a maika'i loa ia, a he Kaniheleke'o'ole'a, i'ike'ia no kāna mau'ōlelo ikaika.

E ho'omaopopo i ka nānā'ana o kēlā mau hua'ōlelo i ka kokoke i nā lāhui a pau. 'O kekahi la'ana,'o Denmark e pili pinepine ana me Mester Yakel, ka Netherlands me Jan Klaassen, Helene me Fazoulis, a pēlā aku.

Akā na'e ma Rūsia i kaulana nui a aloha'ia e ka mea na'aupō a me ka mea ikaika Petrushka.

Nā mea e pili ana i nā mea ho'okani'o Japanese

'A'ole hiki i nā pōpō o nā lāhui o ke ao ke no'ono'o me ka'ole o Kokeshi Kuki.

I ka wā mua,'a'ohe ona lālā a nānā nui i ka matryoshka Russian. 'O kēlā mau pēpē i hana'ia mai ke mele, ka'aila a me ka ma'ale'ale, a laila, me ka lima, i pena'ia me nā kumu pua'a a me nā mea kanu.

'O ka mea mua, ua ho'ohana'o Kokashi i nā mea hana ho'oma'ama'a a me ka'aha'aina ho'olewa. Eia na'e, i ka hala'ana o ka manawa, ua hā'awi'ia i nā keiki a hana'ia i ka lā'au, nā'ōpala a me ka pepa.

I ka XX XX. ka mea, he ai-kapaia Kalaiaina dolls nui, reminiscent o ka geisha, i humuia ma ka lima kimono. Ua ho'onani maika'i'ia me ke kaula gula a me nā pōhaku makamae.

Ka 'Aina o nā Eskimos a me nā Nenets. 'O ka hana pono o nā lāhui o ka'ākau

Neneets a me Eskimos no ka manawa lō'ihi i ho'ohana ai i nā'ano like'ole o nā ki'i ki'i e kama'ilio me nā mana'ē a'e. 'O kēia mau pā'ani me ka maka'ole, nā pepeiao, ka waha a me ka ihu.

Ua mana'o'ia'o nā pēpē o nā lāhui o ke ao o kēia'ano he mana kūikawā kūikawā, a, me ka pena'ana i ka maka pena, hiki ke ho'oulu a ho'oweliweli i nā kamali'i. Loa'a i nā'ohana o ka'ākau ka nui o nā pāpani, a'o ka ha'aha'a'ana o nā kaikamahine'ōpiopio i komo i loko o ka nui o nā mea like'ole.

E malama i ka moʻomeheu ka mea, ma hope i hana ai i ka maka a me ke kahupuaa me he aupuni lole.

Nā kope Slavic

Ua hana nā Slav i nā pīpī i nā mea a pau. Inā pono, e ho'ohana'ia nā'ōpala, ka pālolo, lehu, nā'ōpū a me ka lā'au no ka ne'e'ana ... Ua'ike nā kānaka i kēia mau hua'ōlelo e like me nā pale.

Eia kekahi la'ana, ua mana'o nā Slav e ho'ohana'ia kahi mea pā'ani i hana'ia i ke olonā i nā ma'i a pau o ke keiki, a'o ka "ahupuahulu" e lawe mai i ka pōmaika'i a me ka pōmaika'i i ka'ohana, a'o ka ulu'ana o ka'ai i ka palaoa. Ma ke ala, nā'ano'oko'a like'ole i ka mana'o pono'ī: kahi laiki - ho'omaha, buckwheat - waiwai, pālele - pa'akai, o'ahu - ikaika.

Ua hau'oli nui'ia a me ka "strigushki" i hana'ia mai ka pūpū sheared, a makemake nā kaikuahine'ele'a e pā'ani i nā pi'i mai nā lole.

Nā Kuleana o nā'Aiwi

Ma'Afelika, nā pīpī i nā'a'ahu o nā lāhui o ke ao, i kēia manawa i ka'āina'Amelika, ua ho'oholo'ia mai kēlā hanauna i kēia hanauna. Ua hana lima'ia lākou mai ka mau'u ai'ole i'oki'ia i kahi lā'au. A laila ho'onani'ia nā hua i nā lole nani, nā lei a me nā kūpe'e lima.

'O ka hapanui o nā pūiwi'Apelika i'a'ahu'ia i nā'a'ahu kahiko a hō'ike'ia i nā wāhine i mare'ia. Akā, ua hana maoli nā mea ma'amau no kā lākou'oihana i nā ki'i kūikawā.

'O Russian Matryoshka

Ua mana'o'ia'o Matryoshka'o ia ka'īlio pepepei aupuni o ko mākou'āina. 'A'ole nā kānaka a pau i'ike he pilina ia mai Kina, akā i Russia i ho'omaka ai e hana i ka hopena o ke kenekulia XIX. Ma Moscow, lawe mai'o Mr. Mamontov i kahi ki'i o ka'elemakule Kepanī, nāna i hō'ike.

Ma waenakonu o ka mua, ua like ke'ano o ka statuette, he'u'uku wale nō, a ma hope aku. Hō'ike'ia nā ki'i a hiki i ka loa'a'ana o ka mea li'ili'i i lalo o ka hope.

Na nā haku Lūkini i hana a pena i kahi mea pā'ani'ewalu mau helu. Ua hō'ike'ia lākou a pau i kahi wahine, a ma luna o ka mea li'ili'i, ua pa'i lākou i kahi pēpē. Kapa lākou i ka inoa o ka pā'ani mele a Matryoshka no ka inoa kaulana i Moscow - Matryona.

Ka nani o ke kenekulia i hala: Palepa Barbie

'O ka'īlio'īlio i kapa'ia'o Barbie,'o ia paha, ke kuko makemake no nā kaikamāhine a pau loa me ka'īlio nui i kaulana ma ka honua. Ma ka pa'akikī, e hō'ole kekahi i ka'oia'i'o ua lilo kēia'ano mea nani i mea no ka wahine maika'i.

Hana 'o ia i kēia hana ho'okipa na Ruth Handler. Akā pēlā nō. Ma nā makahiki he 40 o ke kenekulia iwakalua. A hiki i kēia wā,'a'ohe mea i'ike i ka wahine me kāna kāne i wehe i kahi'oihana i hana i nā ki'i ki'i. I ka wā o ka ho'omohala'ana, ua nui ka lepo o nā lā'au, kahi a Ruta i pi'i mai ai me nā mea papa lā'au no nā pūpū.

Ma hope o kahi huaka'i hele i Suisekena i ka makahiki 1956, i'ike'o Ruth i ka pāku'i Lilith, he lauoho me nā'ano ho'onāukiuki a me kahi kapa'ahu'ula, ua ho'oholo'o ia e hana i ki'i e lilo ai nā kamali'i i ka moe'uhane o kahi ola kanaka. Ua hana'o Ruth i ka ha'aheo'o Lilith, nā kuleana kope i ka mea nāna, ma ke ala, i kū'ai, he mea aloha a punahele. Ua hā'awi'ia ka inoa o ka pāpani no ka ho'ohanohano'ana i ke kaikamahine a ka mea ho'opuka - Barbara. 'O nā koho mua o Barbie ma Dior a me ZHivanshi. I ka makahiki 1958, ua ho'okae'ia'o Barbie. Ma ke ala, hele maila'o Ken a kapa'ia ka inoa o ke keiki a ka mea ho'opuka -'o Kenneth.

I kēia manawa,'o ka pāpale Barbie i waena o nā kumukū'ai maika'i loa he'umi.

'O nā pāpili lālā hou

'O kēia mea pena i hana'olu'olu'ia e ka mea Norwegian artist T. Finnanger. 'O Tilda kekahi mea i hana'ia no ka lole ma ke'ano o ka pāpani, kahi holoholona iki a mea paha. Na ke kanaka pena i ho'okumu i ka puihi mua i ka makahiki 1999, i kona manawa he 25 makahiki.

I kēia manawa ua kū'ai'ia nā mea hana a me nā mea hana no ka hō'olu'olu'ana me ka inoa ho'okahi, a ke hā'awi nei kā lākou mea hana i ka'ōlelo a'o no ka ho'onohonoho'ana i ka wahine wahine e pili ana i kā lākou mau keiki.

ŸO këia ÿano o nä kiÿekiÿe he mau mea like: he pinepine ia, me nä kälä'olu'olu a ma'ema'e, nä maka a me nä helehelena kelepona, he küpono loa ia, a ua like läkou a pau me ke kelepona ÿike a me ka malu. Ua ho'omaka koke nei nā koina nui ma nā'a'ahu o nā lāhui o ke ao nei i ka hui pinepine'ana a me ka pinepine'ana.