Pili aupuni nä känaka 'epekema Mark Urnov: Kawaihae, hana a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

No ka oi ma mua o nā makahiki he iwakālua, Mark Urnov, kekahi o ka loa kaulana Lūkini kālai'āina nā kānaka kālailai, ua oleloia ua hiki ka noiʻiʻana i ka moku'āina'ōnaehana o ko mākou'āina, ia Wānana hanana a me nā lawelawe ai ana o ka heluna kanaka. Hopena o kana hana i hanaʻia i ke kumu o keʻano o nā 'ana i kūpono i aloha ia i ka pilikia o ka e pili ana i ka hui kālepa nā mea pono, a alakaʻi aʻo i loko o ka hanauna kaikaina a me ke kahua o ka noa-manaʻo waiwai.

Kawaihae

Mark Urnov Ua hānauʻia ma ka makahiki 1944 ma Moscow i loko o ka ohana o ka mea hana keaka a me ke kālaikūlohea, i mea ku pono i ka hanau ana o kana keiki i pio e haʻalele i ka hale kiaka. Makua hana no kekahi mau makahiki ma ka huina'ine microscopes i loko o ka paʻa kula. ke ehuehu o ke kakahiaka keiki me ke kālai'āinaʻokoʻa o ke kia-kaua Rusia. Pāhana Urnov pinepine i haʻi mai iaʻu pehea ka mea, o ka poe Iudaio, a me ka hoʻokaumaha 'ē aʻe pilikia expulsion o ka poeikohoia o ka wae kanaka ma Siberia.

Mai noho 'ana kamaliʻi Mark Urnov categorically hōʻole i nā pono o Soviet ola ma mua o radically okoa mai o ka ohana, e like me kona makuwahine, a me ka makua kāne kaikaina, he ikaika kākoʻo o ka communism. Ma kona rejection o nā manaʻo o ka socialism, oia ua e like me ka kupuna kāne i ua he cadet, a ma ka aneane pakele me Kolchak i ke Kanawai ke Kaua.

ho okumu

Urnov Mark, kona Kawaihae makemake e kāpili me ka hai ana mai i keia mea nui ke kahua ma ka ho okumu ana o ke kanaka me, ma ke kula kiʻekiʻeʻo ia i aʻo i ka mea kupaianaha kino ai a me ka makemakika kula. Loko o nā paia o keia kula i ke kino o ka mea kupaianaha ka lokomaikai hoi o 'ia: kumu hoʻolauna lākou e kū pono me nā masterpieces o ka honua moʻokalaleo, a i ole hai Marxism. Ma ke kula kiʻekiʻe i ka uhane o ke kuokoa a me ka 'imi naʻauao emancipationʻo ia i noho aliʻi ai.

Kēia ke ku e ana ma waena o ka ideology o socialism a me ka unobstructed nānaina o kaʻaoʻao kū'ē, a lawe hānai no ka mea lilo Urnov Mark. He hoomau i kona hoʻonaʻauao ma ka Moscow State Institute o International Aina (MGIMO), kahi, ma na olelo o ke nä känaka 'epekema pili aupuni, ma hope hoʻomaopopoʻo ia i ka moku'āina oiaio o na mea i loko o ko lakou aupuni. Ma hope o ka lokomaikai hoi o ka uhane o ke kula kiʻekiʻe, koleke, manaʻo hoʻiʻo ia i ka "Zoo".

Ma naʻe o ka inaina o ka hoʻokele waiwai,ʻo ia puka 'o ia mai ka'Āuna Kumu o International Economic Aina e, a ia hoʻi haku. Oia laila, ke keiki kanaka he kilo hoihoi i loko o ka manawa kūpono o ka forecasting hanana, ma muli o ana helu ikepili.

Experience o sociological noiʻi

Ma perestroika Mark Urnov mua e mālama nei i ka heluna kanaka ana, me kālai'āina. He hoʻomaka 'ia me ka Institute, a kona kaikuaana e hana. Together ka mea, i kaumaha aku ai physicists e hoʻokō 'ia i kekahi pōkole palapala ninaninau. Nā hualoaʻa no i kona ua loa kahaha a me ka makaʻu i ke ahiahi nei, i waena o ka manao waiwai o ke aupuni i loko o ka mea Liberal (KS) i ia i ka hoʻololi 'ana i Rusia. Nā mea i paneʻia iʻae, a i ole ike i ka hiki ke ku okoa ana, aka, i ke makau o ka wā e hiki mai ana o ke aupuni wā e hiki mai.

Mai kona hana mua Urnov Mark Yurevich i ka hopenaʻano nui i Rusia mea,ʻaʻole i mākaukau no ka hou o ke kaiāulu kanaka. A lailaʻo ia i hoʻomaka e maopopo i ka walaʻauʻana pilikia o ka hanauna mua o Liberal (KS) - ka manaʻoʻiʻo i loko o ka hana mana. Gorbachev a Yeltsin naʻaupō i ka manao i me ka rejection o na kanaka a pau o ka Soviet hoʻoilina, e ala, e iho hoʻomōhala pili aupuni ike paka, a me ke komohana a me ke aloha, e wehe kona puka ma lalo o kūkuluʻia, a, e kōkua i ka moku'āina.

Ho okumu i kā lākou mau ki ina hana like

Ma hope o ka hana mua o ka nīnauele Mark Urnov oi hoihoi i loko o nä pilikia o Lūkini lehulehu. No ka hoʻohālike Outlook o Lūkini me ka ideology o na kanaka o ka noho pomaikai 'Eulopa, ia mea kekahi manawa hoʻohana' ia 'ana i kūpono na mea i hōʻike i ka holo pono o ka lehulehu, nele o ka hilinai i ka mana, a me ke kanaka i loko o mau.

I ke kakahiaka nui nineties oia e lawelawe ai mua ana i waena o lunakanawai a me nā lālā 'ē aʻe o ka rula ana ka papa. Ka hapa nui o lakou, mai i makemake i ka Communists e ike i ka Soviet Union he superpower hou, akā, no naively manaoio i loko o kekahi mauʻano o utopian lokomaikai hoi o ka wā e hiki mai. Kēia mau loina i a laila lilo i kumu no ka nui-me ka unahiʻole study o ka ike paka i Lūkini waiwai, ka mea no na makahiki e paa ana ia Urnov Mark Yurevich. Palapala ma luna o keia kumuhana ua ua unuhi 'ia i loko o kēia ōlaʻi o ka' ōlelo a me ka ana paʻiʻia i loko o ke Komohana.

Most Popular pili aupuni nä känaka 'epekema i lawe mai ai, e hana ma ka Ikepili o ka lawelawe a me ka mau ke ola o ko mākou'āina: "Ka' aoʻao'ōnaehana i loko o Rusia i 1989-1983 makahiki: i ka hana o ka lilo" (1994), "ka waena, papa ma Rusia: laupaʻi a qualitative helu" (2000), a "Hoikehonua, Rusia: ho'āʻo a me nā pane "(2005).

Hana i loko o ka 'Oihana Research o Russian Peresidena

Ke nä känaka 'epekema i ka mea kākau o ka sociological haʻawina he nui ma luna o kekahi mau, ao ke ano o Lūkini aku o ka lanakila. I ka hana o kona hui apo iʻimi naʻauao wale. No laila, i ka manawa o ka huʻi kaua o Yeltsin, a me ka lokomaikaʻi koa, oia wānana me kahaha ko oukou naau pololei i nā hanana mahope a pau, a me ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ke kaua i loko o Chechnya.

Manawa olelo wanana a ma kana hana i ka nui. Ma ke koho ana o ka 1996 oia malaila kekahi mau mahina hana noiʻi naʻau i loko o ka heluna kanaka. I loko nō uuku maoli hoihoi i loko o ka incumbent Peresidena Yeltsin, oia wānana i ka lanakila no ia. People i maluhiluhi o ka loli a me ka HOU, a me keia ololi - ka makemake permanence - hoao kuleana. A pau i kēia me ka pololei o ka 2 hapahaneri ke koho Mark Urnov. Rusia, ma kona manao, makaukau no kekahi mea hou ua ole i, a me na ideals kahiko i kauoha aku e wawahi i ka maʻa. A no ke aha la Zyuganov, a nalowale, a hiki ina 25% o ka poe koho initially.

I ka like o ko kanaka pilikia

Ma waho aʻeo ia forecasting a me ka pilikino E pili nāʻana, he luawai-ike lehulehu huahelu,ʻo ia i ka noiʻiʻana i nāʻano a Lūkini man- akia ma e like me ka luna man- akia ma Iapana a me Enelani. He ua hoihoi i loko o ka na cia kohoʻia i nā luna o kekahi mau hale i loko o ka wahi lulu, a'ē aʻe ka hoʻonohonoho.

Hopena a e pili ana i ka nui o ka hui kālepa moʻomeheu i loko o mākou aupuni ua kōkua 'ano i nā loina o ka holomua kükohu, a e e kukuluia ma ke ano o ka alihi kaua o ka Russian Hui. Mark Urnov paa i ka helu o ka seminā, a halawai hoolilo i keia pilikia. Ka mea, kanaka kālailai ike lea i ka hoolohe ana me keʻano papa hana o ka hana me ka pale hoolohe, e paa ana ia nā hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao e hoʻomōhala alakaʻi mākau. Low kiʻekiʻe o nā cadres kiekie ae, oia ua manaoia kekahi o na kumu o ka emi ana o ka oicyenoaaiiie ola o ka moku'āina.

New impetus i ke kūpono 'ana o ka waiwai e ke i ma ka kaʻaluna o na hana ma laila mea he nui nahā i waena o ka' imi naʻauao papa. Mākou, ma ka mea ku ole, ka mea likeʻole ma waena o nā ka pilina a me na kumuwai papaʻaneʻane nonexistent. Soviet Aupuni luku i ka waiwai, a me ka pono i ke kahua o ka mea hou i ka hailona o ka manawa a me ka hana.

A nana aku i Lūkini aku o ka lanakila

ʻO loko o ka 69 makahiki ka pili aupuni nä känaka 'epekema Mark Urnov koe kaʻeleu aku i komo i loko o kēia hui kūkāʻana o nā pilikia. Ma ka Media mau hōʻike i kona mau wānana no ka moku'āina o ka mea i loko o Rusia, a me ka mea, ua pinepine ae komo i loko o televised paio kālaimanaʻo. Na ike e pono-ike huahelu oppositional ano, a me na mea he nui haʻawina i hoʻomōhala i ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o na kumu o ko Putin ka Rusia, ka pelekikena o ka hana a me Ka Ikepili o ka hiki' ole o ka papa ala o ke ola.

Ma ka hālāwai ninaninau me ka "koho pelekikena Center B. N. Eltsina", oia ua hōʻolokeʻaʻia i nā kūlana ma lalo i ka pelekikena he hiki ia oe, e loaa i ke aloha o ka miliona o ka makaainana. Ke Alahele Urnov Mark ike i loko o ka mentality o na kanaka Lūkini, ka poe i makemake ole e lawe i ke kaumaha o ke kuleana a me ka hoʻoponopono '-kūkulu i ka hou kaiāulu kanaka, a, e like me ka manawa, hauʻoli e kau i kēia Initiative i loko o ka lima o ka alihi kaua ikaika. Ke kanaka noiʻi i kapaʻia kēia kŰia ka authoritarian maʻi pale. 'Aʻole he hookahi hanauna i loko o ko makou aupuni ua ulu ma lalo o ka aoao o ka "hao lima." A me ka lanakila i kēia maʻa ua i koke lanakila.

Mark Urnovʻoiaʻiʻo i ka nele o ke Kuokoa o ka manao o ko kakou heluna kanaka me ka pernicious mea pākuʻi, e like me ka lama a me ka ai 'mea olelo lealea, e alakai i ke aupuni i loko o ka wā e hiki mai ka malamalama. Ka pilikia e hoʻoponopono i ka pono upbringing o ka hou hanauna, i ole hou, e ola a me ka hana ma lalo o ka lima o ka makau wale.

kaulana olelo

No kekahi mau makahiki Urnov ka luna hoʻomalu o ka mākau? Ia? Aiiu dala. Ua Ua hele ma ka maikaʻi-ike Lūkini kālai'āinaʻepekema. Mau halawai i paʻa i loko o ka poepoe papa waihona, a papa lala a haawi aku i manaʻo, a kükäkükä i ka polokalamu Aey? Acaeoey i loko o ka'āina a me ke ao nei.

Kekahi o kona kaulana hana - kona doctoral dissertation ma ka hopena o ka 'ehaʻeha o lewa i loko o ka keʻano o ka hanaʻana pili aupuni i loko o ka lehulehu. Ma ka ninaninau 'ana ma luna o Radio a me TV Mark Urnov kaulana i ole wale i loko o Rusia akā, i loko o nui no hoi na aina a puni ka honua, e kū ai i ka makemake hopena o ka waiwai ua increasingly ka hoʻohana' ana i ka Media,. Loaʻaʻia koho pāloka kela la i keia hōʻike i kekahi kau o ka manaʻo, manaʻo, kākoʻo ma ka mea naʻau hopena, e like me: he ano o patriotism, i ka manaʻo o ka hoʻohui o nā lāhui kanaka.

Russian ke kaiāulu kanaka hewa kanaka kālailai ike i ka maʻa, e malama hoi, aʻaʻole i ka hana. Ua Ua ua lilo i ninau ano o ka hoohalike o ke komohana ma ke ano o kekahi holoholona i makemake i ka hoʻokemu Rusia, hiki ole e alakai i kekahi constructive aoao mai o ka pilikia? Aneiai a me ka nohona kahua o ka aina.

Personal ola

Mark Urnov mea i mareia, a he hoʻokahi kaikamahine. I loko nō o ka hiki ole workload, ka manaʻo politika nä känaka 'epekema loaʻa he wahi no ka hana hoʻonanea. No laila,ʻo ia ua 'Imi limahana ma ka Paikikala, malama i ka olakino Aloha Hawaii, hooilo a hiki luu i loko o ka lua.

Urnov Mark mea he pinepine horn ma seminā ma kekahi mau wahi o ke ao nei. Kauka o ka Kalaiaina Sciences loaʻa paha kekahi mau hoʻolilo 'ia' a me bonuses no kā lākou 'epekema hana. Kona nui hana ma ka hua'ōlelo o ka pili aupuni forecasting, sociological nā kānaka kālailai mea, aole ia i hooki i ka hoʻolele i ka hanauna kaikaina. Ma waho aʻeo ia e ao ana, i kela makahiki Urnov me kona mau hoa o kāna mau hoʻolālā seminā a me nā hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao no ui kanaka. He ma o ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ia' ana o ka kona oihana hoʻonaʻauao, a noa-wahi ponoi, ua ike a me Rusia manaolana no ka malamalama wā e hiki mai.