Poe akeakamai Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn: Kawaihae, pilikino ola, nā kaha puana'ī

Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn - kekahi o ka loa maikaʻi loa, paradoxical a me charismatic poe akeakamai o ka iwakalua kenekulia. I loko nō o ka mea i ka mea, i ole ike ma kona wā, a ua kaʻawale mai ka hui, ia ia ka he ole nui ma luna o ke kahua o ke kālā no nā loina a me nā kānāwai o ka manaʻo. Wittgenstein i ka hoʻokomo o ma ka liʻiliʻi loa ekolu akamai philosophical LIKE - Logical positivism,'ōlelo kālaiʻike a me ka'ōlelo Ka Ikepili.

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Austria, a me ka UK ua loaa he ole nui ma luna o ke ola a me ka akeakamai o keia thinker like Ludwig Wittgenstein. Pōkole Kawaihae maopopo Hōʻike keia. Aina hanau, o ka poe akeakamai ma Vienna i loko o kekahi o ka loa a me kaulana richest ohana o ka Austro-Hunakalia aupuni a pau. Kona makua kāne i kekahi lunaʻenehana kaulana a me ka mogul, a ua like hoʻi mai he kahiko Iudaioʻohana o kona makuwahine.

Like kona makua kāne, Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn hoomaka ae la e hoʻopaʻa haʻawina 'enekinia, i ka nui, hoihoi i kūkulu lethal manaʻo. Over manawa, ua alakai aku la ia i ka pilikia o ka philosophical kumu o ka makemakika. Eia hou, ua'ē aʻe mea i hoihoi Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn. Kawaihae Hōʻike i ka mea, ua leʻaleʻa o ke mele, kiʻi kaula, kuhikuhipuʻuone, moʻokalaleo a me ke akamai. I ke kakahiaka nui iwakalua kenekulia, Wittgenstein hele i Kamepelika, i kona wahi i lilo i apprentice, a ma hope kumu a me ka hoa, i ka poe akeakamai kaulana Bertrand Russell.

Iloko o ka First World War, Wittgenstein hāʻawi manawaleʻa no ka mea mua, kahi āna i pio. ʻOiaiʻo ia i loko o ka hale paʻahao e hoʻomoana ai,ʻo ia aneane pau i kekahi o kana mau loa kaulana hana - "Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus" - a i ka nui ole ma luna o ka ulu o Europa, a me ka honua kālaiʻike. Ma hope iho o ia, oia hana like me ka kumu i loko o ka maʻamau kauhale kula. Over manawa, Wittgenstein Cuticura i kona kālaiʻike mea pili kēia flawed a me ka pono ia e hou, no laila,ʻo ia hou hoi mai ai i ka UK, kahi ia i mau i ka hana ma luna o kona hoonoho, oiai i ke Kumu ma ke Kulanui o Kamepelika.

I World War II ia i hana like me ka 'inikua pololei oe, a ua hana ia ma ka hou ala - ke akeakamai o ka' ōlelo. Wittgenstein make i ka 1953, mai prostate Ka maʻi 'aʻai. A pau i kona manaʻo ma luna o ka akeakamai o ka 'ōlelo i paʻiʻia posthumously.

Kakahiaka kālaiʻike o Wittgenstein

I kona mau makahiki muli Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn ua leʻaleʻa o kaʻeleu hana ana i ka palapala, ai-noho pilikia avant-garde ma Vienna, a ua hoi hoihoi i loko o nā manaʻo o Karl Kraus - "lama" Magazine hoʻoponopono mea näna i hana ma ke kaawale ana o ka waiwai, a me ka maoli nō. Ikaika ole ma Wittgenstein kekahi i manaʻo o Frege a me Russell, ma lalo o ka mea ana i hana ai no ka lōʻihi manawa. Mai ka mua ia i aponoia i ka manaʻo o ka propositional papa, oiaio waiwai a me ka semantic oko o ka manaʻo a me ka waiwai o ka 'aoʻao i loko o ka' ōlelo o ka lua - 'ōlelo Ka Ikepili hana i loko o ka Logical ala, i ka loaʻa o ka huli' ana no ka "'ātoma" kūʻiʻo, e like me kekahi mau oihana mua o ka Logical ano o ka makemakika.

Ka mua Logical Wittgenstein ka manaʻo i ua kālaiʻia i loko o kona "diary" i kona wahi i mea kamaʻilio e pili ana i na nā papaha o ka hou ke kūpili a me Logical Ka Mooolelo O. Kēia mau manaʻo i ke kumu no kona ki hana o kēia wā - "Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus".

"Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus"

Ke hana i paʻiʻia ma ka 1921, mua i loko o Kelemānia, a laila, - ma ka 'ōlelo Pelekānia. Ka puke Ua kākau i loko o ka palapala o ke kaawale aphorisms i i hoʻohana no ka lapaau ana i kona mau manaʻo Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn. Quotes i hoonoho iho e hiki mai ana i ka AYEIE huahelu e hoike ana i ka nui o ka nui o ka aphorism.

I loko nō aʻo Kīwala'ō me nā manaʻo o Russell a me Frege, ka puke ua ma na aoao hanana. I ka hoonoho hoala i ka ninau o na nā papaha a me ka palena o ka manaʻo, ka mea kākau hiehie i ka manaÿo o ka manaʻo a me ka'ōlelo, a me ka kālaiʻike ma ka ia manawaʻoihana'ē aʻe e like me ka hoailona ano o ka mākau 'ōlelo noʻonoʻo loi. I Wittgenstein ka manaʻo o ka 'ōlelo lawelawe' ana i ka inoa o ka mea, i mea hiki, no ka mea maloko Logical 'ole o ka' ōlelo. Keia ao ana ua nō pāʻani nui i kūlana ma ke kālā no Western imi naʻauaoʻaoʻao.

Late Wittgenstein ka kālaiʻike

Over manawa, Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn Ua rethought kona kulana a me ka hoole i ka priori 'ole o ka' ōlelo. He kuhikuhi mai la lakou i keʻano o nā hua'ōlelo a me nä hopuna mea i hoʻohana i ka 'ōlelo maoli. I kulike ai me keia olelo, aole ia i Hana Hoʻolohe i ka noʻonoʻo kiʻi o ke kumuhana, wale i ka hoʻohana 'ana o hua'ōlelo ma ka pōʻaiapili ma ka e like me ka'ōlelo rula haawi ala i kekahi waiwai.

Wittgenstein hana me ka kau e like me 'ōlelo lealea, ma kela olelo kaulike kona manaʻo wale nō ka wā i kekahi mau hana hea halawai hihiu. Wittgenstein i kuhikuhi mai la lakou i ka pono no ka noi i nā nīnau pono. ua ho'ākāka 'ia ma Late Wittgenstein ka philosophical wahi i loko o kona hana "Philosophical hoʻokolokolo' ana i".

"Philosophical hoʻokolokolo 'ana i"

Ka hope nui pukeʻo ia i hana ma Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn. Kālaiʻike pokole ho'ākāka 'ia ma hope o ka hoʻokomo' ia 'ana o ka puke, ma ka mea kākau nui mai i ka pono, e kukakuka i keia hana i like no me ka "Tractatus".

Akä naÿe i ka mua hana, "Philosophical hoʻokolokolo 'ana i" i ka wānana mika, a i nā'āpanaʻelua. Ka mua ke kuleana o ka ke kēia 'ole:

• I ka manaʻo o ka 'ōlelo a me kona manaʻo.
• Ka Ikepili epistemological a me ka manaʻoʻike manaÿo.
• Ka Ikepili aupuni, ao ke ano hōʻike muaʻia aʻe manaÿo.

I ka lua o ka aoao o ka puke emi ma mua o ka ai hoi, a mai ka paʻa hapa nānā. Eia ka mea kākau olelo o nā hua'ōlelo, kā lākou manaʻo nui a me ka hana o ka kālaiʻike i loko o kēia mau mea.

Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn - kekahi o ka loa pohihihi poe akeakamai o ka iwakalua kenekulia. Haʻalele kona wā,ʻo ia ke ole wale manaʻo, akā, noho pū ma ka e like me ko lakou mau manao. Ka mea, ua hoomaikai aku ia ia ia mea akeakamai i ke akeakamai o ka 'ōlelo - ka' epekema e hoʻokolokolo ai peheaʻike kanaka, a wehewehe i ke ao nei.