Smolensk hale pa'a: hale kia'i, ko lākou wehewehe. 'O ka Hale Ho'ohanohano o ka Pu'upu'u Smolensk

Aia nā kūlanakauhale'o Smolensk e ho'opuni'ia e nā pā kaua me nā hale kia'i. Pinepine ia mea he puʻukaua o medieval Rusia i kapaia o Smolensk Kremlin, "Necklace o ka aina Lūkini." 'O ka hapalua wale nō o ke kūkulu'ia i kūkulu'ia e ola nei a hiki i kēia lā, akā,'o kēia mea wale nō ka mea e ho'ohui ai i ka monument kahiko o ka nani a me ka'oia'i'o.

Mai ka mō'aukala

I ka manawa o'Ivana, weliweli kahi hale pōhaku me kahi pā lepo ma kēia wahi. Akā, me ka ulu'ana o ka'oihana'oihana,'a'ole hiki i nā paia lā'au ke kū'ē i ka'enemi, e like me ka mea ma mua.

He wahi ikaika'o Smolensk o Rūsia a ua ulu pinepine'ia e nā'enemi, no laila ua mālama mau nā mō'ī i kona ikaika. By kauoha o Fedora Ioannovicha i ka 1595, hoomaka ae la e kukulu iho i na koa o ka State Moscow pohaku hale, a ma hope mai i kapa e like me ka Smolensk pā me ka kūlana pale kihi a me ka hale kiaʻi waena.

I loko o kēia hana nui i ka manawa mua ma ka mō'aukala, ho'ohana'ia ka hana a 30,000 limahana limahana. 'O Fedor Kon ka mea mālama i kēia hana nui. Ua kūkulu'ia nā paia pōhaku no nā makahiki 6. Ua pi'i ka ki'eki'e i 18 m, ka mānoanoa - 6 m. I kēlā manawa,'a'ole i loa'a nā paia ikaika a'e ma Rusia. 'O ka lō'ihi lō'ihi o ka palena o ke ana he 6.5 km. Ma waho a'e o nā paia, ua kūkulu'ia nā hale kia'i o ka pu'ukaua Smolensk i loko o ka huina o nā wahi he 38. 'O ke kumu, he'ekolu kālani, me ke ki'eki'e o 22 a 33 m.

Kahiki o ka Puhi o Smolensk

Noho lākou i kahi wahi kūikawā ma kahi pa'a o Smolensk. Aia me ke kōkua o kēia mau hale e hiki iā'oe ke:

1. 'Ike.
2. 'O nā kukui lō'ihi.
3. Ka palekana o ka puka.
4. 'O nā pū'ali koa o ka pū'ali,

'O kekahi mea maika'i loa:'a'ole i loa'a kahi hale kia'i like'ole ma kahi pa'a o Smolensk. 'O ke ki'eki'e a me ke'ano o nā hale kia'i e kau'ia ana ma ka'āina a me ka wahi. I 9 mau kūkulu i loa'a nā puka. 'O ka hale kia'i nui'o Frolovskaya. Ma o ia hiki ai iā'oe ke hele i ke kapikala o ka moku Lūkini. 'O ka lua o ka mea nui loa'o ka hale Molokhovskaya, ua wehe'ia ke alanui i Kiev, Roslavl a me nā mea'ē a'e.

Ua ma'alahi kekahi mau hale kia'i'ē a'e. 13 mau kuli ko ka hale, he'ōpikū like kona, 7 mau hale kia'i he hexagonal a me 9 a puni.

'O Fortitude a me ka hakakā'ana o ka pu'ukaua Smolensk

I ka wā o ke kaua'o Russo-Polish i ka kenekulia 18, ua hō'eha pinepine'ia ka pu'ukaua Smolensk,'ehā mau hale kia'i i luku'ia i ka honua. 'A'ohe mea e hiki ke lawe i ho'okahi me ka loa'a'ole o kahi hakakā. 'O ka pu'ukaua no kēia manawa i kū'ē i 3 mau ki'i me ka lō'ihi o ka piha o nā makahiki'ekolu. Ma muli o ka mana o ka hale pa'ahao i pau i ka noho'ana i 1786. Ua ho'oka'awale'ia nā mea hana lima a pau e lawelawe ana i loko o laila a me kā lākou mau pū i kekahi mau pa'ahao. Akā ua ho'one'e hou'o Napoleon i ka hale ikaika o Smolensk a me nā'īpuka e hopu ai i ke kūlanakauhale. 'O nā paia ki'eki'e i pale aku i kahi ho'ouka kaua'elua a'elua a me ka pupuhi'oihana o ka pū'ali Napoleon i ka makahiki 1812. Ma ke ala, ua kūkulu'ia nā paia (pōhaku pōhaku ke'oke'o) e ka pōhaku ku'emaka, i ho'olako'ia no ke kūkulu'ana i ka'āpana'o Konobeevsky. Ua hana'ino'ia ka hale kaua Smolensk i ka wā i holo ai ka po'e Farani, ua'ino'ino'ia. Ma muli o ke kauoha a Emperor Napoleon, ua ho'olimalima'ia nā hale kia'i a pau. Ua ho'opau loa'ia nā hale kia'i e ka'ōhū'ana, a ua ho'one'e'ia a ho'oku'u'ia nā mea i koe e ka po'e Cossack'o Ataman M. Platov.

Smolensk pu'ukaua i ka manawa

'O ka mea pō'ino,'a'ole wale nā kaua i hāpai i ka luku'ia'ana o ka hale ho'omaha o Smolensk. Ma hope o ka Napoleonic Wars, i loko o nā makahiki 1820-1830, i nā paia o nā kūlana pale nā hale i mea i loko o ilihune ana, disassemble i nā pōhaku lepo no ka hoihoi hou ana o na hale i loko o ke kūlanakauhale, i lukuʻia i ke kaua.

I ka makahiki 1930, ua ma'a ikaika ka hale pa'a o Smolensk i nā mea kūkulu hale no ka hana'ana o Stalin. I nā makahiki ma hope iho o ka Kaua Nui Patriotic, ua kōkua nā hale kūkulu pa'a i ka ho'opau'ia o ke kūlanakauhale a me ka'āina.

Ka pu'ukaua o Smolensk i kēia lā

Aia a hiki i kēia lā,'o ka lō'ihi lō'ihi o ka pu'ukaua Smolensk he 3.5 km, me 9 mau'āpana o nā paia a me 18 mau hale kia'i.

'O kahi pa'a'o Smolensk he mea ia o ka ho'oilina o ka mo'omeheu a me ka mo'omeheu pilikino. Aia nā hale a me nā'āpana o nā paia ma nā wahi like'ole o ke kūlanakauhale. 'O ka'āpana nui loa o ka paia me ka lō'ihi o 1.5 mau mile ma ka hikina hikina o Smolensk.

He nui nā po'e malihini kipa e like me ka Hale Smolensk. He kūlanakauhale kahiko'o Smolensk me ka nui o nā hale kū'ai a me nā hale kūkulu hale.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE mōʻaukala kia lawelawe 'ana me ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha, ka halawai ana wahi a ka punahele ka pale kaua parkurschikov. No ka po'e i makemake'ole i nā hele ka'awale, he mea pono e hele i ka hale'o "Thunder", kahi e ho'okani pinepine ai nā'ahamele me ka hana'ana o nā hōkū pōhaku, nā mo'o'ōlelo, a pēlā aku.

Hiki i nā mea hele kipa ke hele i kahi papa pōhaku,'oiai,'o ka hele'ana i kahi hale ho'omaha'o Smolensk, he hanana nui ia e'ike'ia ai, hiki ke nānā aku i ke kūlanakauhale kahiko mai kahi ki'eki'e, mahalo i ka Dnieper.

Pyatnitskaya Tower

'O kēia hale kia'i a me ka'īpuka ho'okahi i loko o ia mea e ho'iho'i'ia a ho'oma'ema'e'ia. Ma mua o ka puka "Pyatnitskie" hiki ke komo i ke kūlanakauhale'o Smolensk. I ka makahiki 1812,'o lākou, e like me nā'īpuka a me nā hale kia'i, i kahi o ka pu'ukaua Smolensk, ua puhi'ia e ka pū'ali Nāpōliona. Ma hope mai ua kūkulu'ia kahi halepule o St. Tikhon o Zadonsk. I kēia lā, ma Pyatnitskaya Tower, ua wehe'ia ka Hale Hō'ike'ike Vodka Russian, kahi e hiki ai i nā mea a pau ke'ono i nā huahana o ka hale mālama'āina a a'o'ia e pili ana i kekahi mau mea o ka ho'oulu'ana o ka distillation ma Rusia.

Hale Ho'ohanohano

'O kekahi o nā hale kia'i nani loa o ka "Necklace of the Russian Land"'o "Thunder". Ua'ike'ia kekahi inoa e kekahi:

1. Kaumoku.
2. «Topinskaya». 'Oiai ma mua o ka hale kia'i'o ia kahi kahakai mākele,'o ia kona inoa.
3. "Tupinskaya". Ke kūkulu nei ka hale kia'i i kahi kihi kihi, malia paha ua hā'awi'ia kēia inoa.

'O ka mua o ka ho'iho'i'ia -'o ka hale kia'i'o "Thunder" o ka pu'ukaua Smolensk i ho'iho'i'ia i kona'ano mua. Maanei hiki iā'oe ke'ike i ka hilina'i kūloko o ka hale kia'i, e holoholo ma nā alahele ki'eki'e a mahalo i ka dome lā'au mai loko.

'O ka lua o ka hale kia'i ke kau nei i kahi hō'ike, e hō'ike ana i ke kūkulu'ana a me ka pale koa o ka pākaua. Ua hā'awi'ia nā malihini i ka manawa e komo aku ai e launa pū me nā mea kahiko o nā kenekulia 16th-17. Eia kekahi ma kēia wahi ua'ike'ia ke'ano o kahi pa'a o Smolensk -'o ka hele mua'ana o ka hale kaua Smolensk me nā hale kia'i, nā kūwaha, nā puka.

Ma ke kolu o ka "Gromovoy" aia kahi hō'ike "G Battlewald, 600 mau makahiki ma hope aku" me nā hō'ike - hana hou i nā mea kaua a me nā mea kaua a nā koa o ka Mō'ī Smolensk, ka Golden Horde, a me nā mea'ē a'e.

'O ka hāhā o ka'elima ka paepae'ike. I kekahi manawa, aia nā hō'ike hō'ike'ike like'ole o nā mea pena a me nā'ahamele. 'O kēia ka mea e like me ka Smolensk-Shield o ka Hale Hō'ike'ike'o Rusia, kahi i loko o ka Hale Kū'ē'o Thunder Tower o ka Puhi o Smolensk.

Pono e ho'omaka i ka hale ka'a o Smolensk me ka hale'o "Thunder", e like me ka hana mau'ana i ka hana hou'ana i ka mō'aukala, kahi hiki iā'oe ke'ike i ka'aha'aina nui, nā kānaka i loko o nā lole kahiko a me nā koa Lithuania.