Symmetry ma kuhikuhipuʻuone

He aha e hoohui mai ia i ka Pākē pagoda me ka Sydney Opera House? Houston Astrodome me ka papakaukau Pantheon ma Roma? Greek Parthenon, ka mea i papaia City ma Kina, Angkor Wat ma Cambodia, na luakini a me pyramids o ka mālama '-Columbian maikai ana? Paha i ka palapala? A oi pololei pane - "symmetry". Kēlā me kēia no ka mea kēia mau examples, ma muli naʻe o ko lākou manawa a me ka nohona oko ao, ua pili ia me ia.

Symmetry ma kuhikuhipuʻuone nae o ia hoʻi, "He hoʻokahi manaʻo."

I Kekahi Mau pahu hopu o kuhikuhipuʻuone.

I kanaka ola ka pilikia makapō ia ka mea nui, a me ka mea, ua piha hoikeia ma ka kuhikuhipuʻuone o ia. Nui nā hale i na manawa a pau i ka manaʻo, a hiki loa i keia ka welelau o like "intimidate" ka beholder. Symmetry ma kuhikuhipuʻuone mea he unavoidable kēia lākiō o ka manaʻo o ka hoʻokō 'ana aku i kēia mau pahuhopu.

Ke kuhikuhipuʻuone Ua fundamentally okoa, mai nā ano o oe no ka mea, o kona māheleʻano. I ka manao maoli o ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone manao i loko o ka hoʻolālā o ka lewa, a e ia i ka hale kiaka o ka hana.

Ke symmetry ma ke akamai a me ka Nani Loa akamai ka i lanakila ma mōʻaukala. I ka manaʻo o ka symmetry noi i loko o ka manao o ka mea o nā kinona a me ka nui like 'ole. Akā, ma ka pena (i loko o ka mau-dimensional haku mele 'ana), ka mea, kŘpa a mea, i ka' ike o ke ano o ka symmetry i loko o ka ekolu-dimensional mea mea oi paʻakikī no ka pokole o ka mea hoʻololi ia ke nana aku i, mai kekahi mau pana pua. Ma ka hihia o ke kuhikuhipuʻuone,ʻaʻole wale hiki mākou kiʻi a puni ka mea, mai nāʻaoʻao, akā, no hoi, e hele ma laila. Kēia 'o ia hoʻi i ka kuhikuhipuʻuone e hoʻolako i nā hana i ka wa pono ole wale e ike i ka symmetry, akā, no ka "hoao" ia, no ka mea, he o nā māhele:ʻo "ka'ōlohelohe" a me ka "paakiki".

Styles o kuhikuhipuʻuone kapa hoʻohanohanoʻia e nā lāliʻi. Greek luakini ua hikiwawe hōʻike 'ia ma ka portico a me ka pediment. Ke Kokika Hale Pule Nui Ua wehewehe aku ma ka hoaka a me nā buttresses. Kēia mau kumu mua lakou i ka "paakiki" ili kuhikuhipuʻuone. Ole paha kuhikuhipuʻuone kahua, ke haha aku, maalo ae la oia ma ka hale.

symmetryʻAno

Pehea na kuhikuhipuʻuone styles, eia no laila, he nui ke ano o ka symmetry.

Ma mau, ka mea, ua māheleʻia i loko o nā waeʻano: wahi pūʻulu a me ka lewa pūʻulu. Point pūʻulu i wehewehe aku ma kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa i ano nui i hiʻona'āina. Space pūʻulu e ole i ka maopopo kulekele.

ʻeluaʻaoʻao symmetry ma kuhikuhipuʻuone, ma kahi loihi o ka loa e like me ka palapala, ua loaʻa i loko o nā hana 'ike loea, a ma nā mea a pau loa. Ua halves haku mele 'ana aniani kekahi i kekahi, (no ka hoʻohālike - Pantheon mea helehelena ma Roma). Ua hiki e ike ole wale ma luna o ka pālākiō o ka hookahi hale, akā, i loko o ka hoʻokiwikā makahiki: i kēiaʻano hana hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ka manao o Praça hana Comércio (Pāʻoihana Square) ma Likepona (nui kulanakauhaleʻahā like, he puka monumental, he palahalaha ikona alanui mawaho o ka ipuka i symmetrical me ka mahalo i ka lōʻihi papamoe (axis), a hoʻi iā pilikia makapō kuanaʻike).

Rotational a reflective symmetry hana i ka pono o ka hele a me ka pāpana, hoʻomālama ma ke kikowaena wahi o ka kuhikuhipuʻuone a puni.

Ka paukūʻolokaʻa symmetry ma ka kuhikuhipuʻuone hiki ke loaʻaʻano nui i loko o nā hale kiaʻi a me nā kolamu.

Chiral symmetry, paha emi ikeia, akā, pinepine a me ka pono ia ma ka kuhikuhipuʻuone.

Ke symmetry o similarity ua manawa Kaʻahumanu i ka puu o ka noonoo ana, a ua 'ike nui kuhikuhi ma muli o ka' ike me ka fractals. ʻoni iho paha helical symmetry i loko o ka kuhikuhipuʻuone i ke noʻonoʻo i ka kūikawā ʻano o ka symmetry o similarity.

Translational symmetry komo i ka makahiki pae, a ma hopeʻeluaʻaoʻao symmetry - ka loa e like me ka 'ano o ka symmetry i loko o ka kuhikuhipuʻuone.

No ka mea a pau i, ma ka hapanui o ka hale, ua oi aku kekahi ano o ka symmetry. No ka laʻana, he Pākē pagoda, ma a he mea i ka paukūʻolokaʻa symmetry a me ka similarity.

kuhikuhipuʻuone makahiki

Ano, i ka mea pili ana i ka kuhikuhipuʻuone a puni. Mau manaÿo i ke kumu kahua o ka hōʻike no ka "ka'ōlohelohe": ke kikowaena a me ke alanui. Ke kuhikuhipuʻuone o ka konu, ka mea, ua hoʻomaopopo like me ka wahi, akā, ke alanui - (axis). Ka Center Ua pili me ka ano nui i wahi i loko o ka nui kuhikuhipuʻuone hakahaka, e like me ke kuahu i loko o ka ekalesia. Alanui ((axis)) - o ka holo ma ka Mea Nānā ka makahiki.

ka iho (axis) o symmetry - ke kumu nui paha o ka olelo ana o kuhikuhipuʻuone manao. More ma mua o 1,500-makahiki mōʻaukala o ka kuhikuhipuʻuone hōʻike i ka kuhikuhipuʻuone makahiki i Hawaiʻi ma o nā kenekulia me ka papa kuhikuhiE kākauʻana ma luna o symmetry. I ka wä kahiko Rome, o ka ikaika iho symmetry ma ka kuhikuhipuʻuone i ala i ka monumental, kūpaʻa hakahaka, hōʻikeʻana i ke ano o ke kaulike, a me ka ole hōʻeuʻeu.